Combining evidence from multiple imaging modalities: A feature-analysis method

Abstract. Although pulmonary embolism is the most common abnormality of the pulmonary artery, there is a broad spectrum of other congenital and acquired pulmonary arterial abnormalities. Multiple imaging modalities are now available to evaluate these abnormalities of the pulmonary arteries. CT and MRI are the most commonly used cross-sectional imaging modalities that provide comprehensive information on several aspects of these abnormalities, including morphology, function, risk-stratification and therapy-monitoring. In this article, we review the role of state-of-the-art pulmonary arterial imaging in the evaluation of non-thromboembolic disorders of pulmonary artery.

Download Full-text

Structural and Functional Imaging in Glioma Management

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1093/neuros/nyaa360 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bledi C Brahimaj ◽

Ryan B Kochanski ◽

John J Pearce ◽

Melike Guryildirim ◽

Carter S Gerard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diffusion Tensor ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Hemispheric Dominance ◽

Tumor Control ◽

Histopathological Diagnosis ◽

Glioma Surgery ◽

Multiple Modalities ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Multiple Imaging

Abstract The goal of glioma surgery is maximal safe resection in order to provide optimal tumor control and survival benefit to the patient. There are multiple imaging modalities beyond traditional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that have been incorporated into the preoperative workup of patients presenting with gliomas. The aim of these imaging modalities is to identify cortical and subcortical areas of eloquence, and their relationship to the lesion. In this article, multiple modalities are described with an emphasis on the underlying technology, clinical utilization, advantages, and disadvantages of each. functional MRI and its role in identifying hemispheric dominance and areas of language and motor are discussed. The nuances of magnetoencephalography and transcranial magnetic stimulation in localization of eloquent cortex are examined, as well as the role of diffusion tensor imaging in defining normal white matter tracts in glioma surgery. Lastly, we highlight the role of stimulated Raman spectroscopy in intraoperative histopathological diagnosis of tissue to guide tumor resection. Tumors may shift the normal arrangement of functional anatomy in the brain; thus, utilization of multiple modalities may be helpful in operative planning and patient counseling for successful surgery.

Download Full-text

Hepatocellular carcinoma with regional lymphadenopathy caused by sarcoid-like reaction: a case report

Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1186/s40792-021-01146-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tomoko Mizota ◽

Masato Suzuoki ◽

Saya Kaku ◽

Kenichi Mizunuma ◽

Kazuto Ohtaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Lymph Node ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Granulomatous Inflammation ◽

Giant Cells ◽

Epithelioid Cell ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Hepatoduodenal Ligament ◽

Regional Lymph Nodes ◽

Multiple Imaging

Abstract Background Sarcoid-like reaction (SLR) is a histological pattern of granulomatous inflammation that is clinically differentiated from sarcoidosis. Since SLR is known to occur in several neoplasias and occasionally causes lymphadenopathy and mimics metastatic malignancy, it needs to be considered whether lymphadenopathy is due to metastasis or SLR for the choice of cancer treatment. Few cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with SLR have been reported. Here, a case of HCC with lymphadenopathy diagnosed as SLR without metastasis is presented. Case presentation A 69-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of upper abdominal pain. She tested positive for hepatitis C virus ribonucleic acid. Imaging modalities showed an 81 × 65-mm-sized tumor with multiple nodules in segment 3 and a 17 × 12-mm-sized tumor in segment 5 with a common HCC enhancement pattern. In addition, a lymph node in the hepatoduodenal ligament was enlarged at 13 mm in size, suggesting the metastasis of HCC. Hepatectomy of the lateral segment and segment 5 and lymph node dissection in the hepatoduodenal ligament were performed. Both tumors in segments 3 and 5 were pathologically diagnosed as HCC without vessel invasion. The tumors contained necrotic cells and epithelioid cell granulomas with multinucleated giant cells, which is typically observed in sarcoidosis. The dissected lymph nodes also contained epithelioid cell granulomas, as well as giant cells with asteroid bodies. There was no malignancy in the lymph nodes. The pathological findings suggested the coexistence of malignancy and sarcoidosis. However, since the patient did not show any typical findings of pulmonary or cardiac sarcoidosis, the case was diagnosed as HCC with SLR in the primary lesion and regional lymph nodes. Conclusions SLR needs to be considered in the differential diagnosis when a cancer patient develops lymphadenopathy. However, lymphadenopathy due to SLR is indistinguishable from that due to metastasis even when using multiple imaging modalities. Pathological examinations may be helpful for the diagnosis.

Download Full-text

1223 Cholelithiasis and Choledocholithiasis with Migration of Stones into Right Psoas Muscle Cavity

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1093/bjs/znab259.362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽

Author(s):

J Hunter

Keyword(s):

Bile Duct ◽

Common Bile Duct ◽

Psoas Muscle ◽

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Prior History ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

The Right ◽

Psoas Major

Abstract Aim To highlight the importance of appropriate imaging modalities for abnormal clinical presentations. Method Xyo woman presented with severe right upper-quadrant pain to the emergency department. Prior history of colicky abdominal pain for 1 year, right-sided nephrectomy and hypertension. She stated that the current epsiode of pain was the worst so far, becoming more persistent, prompting her to call an ambulance. Cholecystitis was suspected, so a Computed Tomography abdomen/pelvis was performed. A dilated, inflamed gallbladder was noted in contact with the right psoas major, with what appeared to be an abscess in the right psoas major. Results A Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography was performed, which demonstrated that the aforementioned abscess was in fact a large cavity within the psoas major, containing up to 15 gallstones. Cholelithiasis was also seen, with common bile duct dilatation and evidence of a common bile duct stone. An Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography was performed, and X recovered well post-procedure with analgesia and antibiotics. Conclusions Acute cholecystitis/intra-abdominal gallstones may result in abscess/cavity formations and abnormal biliary clinical presentations. It is important therefore to fully investigate abnormal hepatobiliary imaging with multiple imaging modalities to allow for accurate diagnosis and appropriate further management of presentations.

Download Full-text

Microbubbles Loaded with Nanoparticles: A Route to Multiple Imaging Modalities

ACS Nano ◽

10.1021/nn102248g ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (11) ◽

pp. 6579-6586 ◽

Cited By ~ 95

Author(s):

Jai Il Park ◽

Dinesh Jagadeesan ◽

Ross Williams ◽

Wendy Oakden ◽

Siyon Chung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Modalities ◽

Multiple Imaging

Download Full-text

Customizable live-cell imaging chambers for multimodal and multiplex fluorescence microscopy

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/bcb-2020-0064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 612-623

Author(s):

Adam Tepperman ◽

David Jiao Zheng ◽

Maria Abou Taka ◽

Angela Vrieze ◽

Austin Le Lam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Live Cell Imaging ◽

Cell Imaging ◽

Super Resolution ◽

Live Cell ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Microscopy Imaging ◽

Glass Coverslip ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

Microscopy Techniques

Using multiple imaging modalities while performing independent experiments in parallel can greatly enhance the throughput of microscopy-based research, but requires the provision of appropriate experimental conditions in a format that meets the optical requirements of the microscope. Although customized imaging chambers can meet these challenges, the difficulty of manufacturing custom chambers and the relatively high cost and design inflexibility of commercial chambers has limited the adoption of this approach. Herein, we demonstrate the use of 3D printing to produce inexpensive, customized, live-cell imaging chambers that are compatible with a range of imaging modalities, including super-resolution microscopy. In this approach, biocompatible plastics are used to print imaging chambers designed to meet the specific needs of an experiment, followed by adhesion of the printed chamber to a glass coverslip, producing a chamber that is impermeant to liquids and that supports the growth and imaging of cells over multiple days. This approach can also be used to produce moulds for casting microfluidic devices made of polydimethylsiloxane. The utility of these chambers is demonstrated using designs for multiplex microscopy, imaging under shear, chemotaxis, and general cellular imaging. Together, this approach represents an inexpensive yet highly customizable approach for producing imaging chambers that are compatible with modern microscopy techniques.

Download Full-text

Contrast Agents

10.1093/med/9780190276249.003.0003 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Resmi A. Charalel ◽

Martin R. Prince

Keyword(s):

Interventional Radiology ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Image Guidance ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Treatment Algorithms ◽

Vital Part ◽

Diagnostic Potential ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

Basic Understanding

Imaging is reliant upon the contrast between different body elements, which may be present naturally or may require the introduction of extrinsic contrast agents. Since the 1920s, the use of contrast agents has been refined to enhance the diagnostic potential of multiple imaging modalities. Contrast agents are a vital part of diagnosis and treatment algorithms involving image guidance. Given the wealth of contrast agents on the market, a basic understanding of the various types is critical for budding interventional radiologists who need to use such agents judiciously on a daily basis. Such contrast agents may be administered intravenously, intraarterially, intrathecally, orally, via inhalation, transrectally, or via indwelling tubes or catheters cannulating a specific viscus. In this chapter, we review the key categories, contraindications, and alternatives for such agents, with special attention to their use in an interventional radiology (IR) practice.

Download Full-text

Functional anatomy of left heart valves

10.1093/med/9780198784906.003.0018 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Fahd Makhdom ◽

Pascal Thériault-Lauzier ◽

Siew Yen Ho ◽

Nicolo Piazza

Keyword(s):

Heart Valves ◽

Functional Anatomy ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

The Other ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Left Heart ◽

Therapeutic Modalities ◽

Device Development ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

Transcatheter Valve

The development of transcatheter valve therapeutic modalities has reignited interest in the anatomy of the valvular complexes. Indeed, this knowledge is crucial for individuals who are involved in transcatheter valve therapies. The importance of anatomy for procedure indications, contraindications, performance, and device development are tremendous and cannot be overemphasized. Comprehension of the anatomy is the first step toward successful transcatheter valve therapy. This knowledge should be coupled with the ability to view and understand the valvular complex using different imaging modalities. The ability to have a three-dimensional understanding of the valvular component and its relation to the other cardiac structures is key in performing transcatheter valve procedures. This chapter discusses the aortic valve and the mitral valve complexes and reviews a novel way of understanding left-sided heart valve anatomy using multiple imaging modalities.

Download Full-text

A Review of Multimodal Medical Image Fusion Techniques

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/8279342 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bing Huang ◽

Feng Yang ◽

Mengxiao Yin ◽

Xiaoying Mo ◽

Cheng Zhong

Keyword(s):

Image Fusion ◽

Medical Image ◽

Development Trend ◽

Research Field ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Data Set ◽

Medical Image Fusion ◽

Multiple Imaging ◽

Fused Image ◽

Fusion Methods

The medical image fusion is the process of coalescing multiple images from multiple imaging modalities to obtain a fused image with a large amount of information for increasing the clinical applicability of medical images. In this paper, we attempt to give an overview of multimodal medical image fusion methods, putting emphasis on the most recent advances in the domain based on (1) the current fusion methods, including based on deep learning, (2) imaging modalities of medical image fusion, and (3) performance analysis of medical image fusion on mainly data set. Finally, the conclusion of this paper is that the current multimodal medical image fusion research results are more significant and the development trend is on the rise but with many challenges in the research field.

Download Full-text