Dietary Patterns and Insulin Resistance

2016 ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Souza Torsoni ◽  
Marciane Milanski ◽  
Marcio Alberto Torsoni
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dietary Patterns

Association between Dietary Patterns and Insulin Resistance in Mexican Children and Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeles Romero-Polvo ◽  
Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez ◽  
Berenice Rivera-Paredez ◽  
Susana Castañón ◽  
Katia Gallegos-Carrillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Mexican Children

Diets with Higher Insulinemic Potential Are Associated with Increased Risk of Overall and Cardiovascular Disease-specific Mortality

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Yingying Wang ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Jiawei Zhang ◽  
Hairong Li ◽  
Xufen Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Abstract Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance have been proposed to be associated with mortality risk, and diet can modulate insulin response. However, whether dietary patterns with high insulinemic potential are associated with mortality remains unknown. We prospectively examined the associations between hyperinsulinemic diets and the risk of total and cause-specific mortality in a large nationally representative population. Dietary factors were assessed by 24-hour recalls. Two empirical dietary indices for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) and insulin resistance (EDIR) were developed to identify food groups most predictive of biomarkers for hyperinsulinemia (C-peptide and insulin) and insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance), respectively. Deaths from date of the first dietary interview until December 31, 2015 were identified by the National Death Index. Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression models. During a median follow-up of 7.8 years, 4,904 deaths were documented among 40,074 participants. For EDIH, the multivariable-adjusted HRs (comparing extreme quintiles) were 1.20 (95% CI: 1.09-1.32, P-trend<0.001) for overall mortality, and 1.41 (95% CI: 1.15-1.74, P-trend=0.002) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Similar associations were observed for EDIR with HRs of 1.18 (95% CI: 1.07-1.29, P-trend<0.001) for total and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.09-1.67, P-trend=0.005) for CVD mortality. After further adjustments for body mass index and diabetes, these positive associations were somewhat attenuated, but most remained statistically significant. Our findings suggested that diets with higher insulinemic potential are associated with increased risk of overall and CVD-specific mortality. Strategies to avoid hyperinsulinemic dietary patterns may potentially promote health and longevity.

Association between dietary patterns with insulin resistance in an Iranian population

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Elham Ehrampoush ◽  
Nahid Nazari ◽  
Reza Homayounfar ◽  
Alireza Ghaemi ◽  
Saeed Osati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Iranian Population

scholarly journals Dietary patterns, insulin sensitivity and adiposity in the multi-ethnic Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study population

2004 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 973-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela D. Liese ◽  
Mandy Schulz ◽  
Charity G. Moore ◽  
Elizabeth J. Mayer-Davis
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
White Bread ◽  
Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Epidemiological investigations increasingly employ dietary-pattern techniques to fully integrate dietary data. The present study evaluated the relationship of dietary patterns identified by cluster analysis with measures of insulin sensitivity (SI) and adiposity in the multi-ethnic, multi-centre Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS, 1992–94). Cross-sectional data from 980 middle-aged adults, of whom 67% had normal and 33% had impaired glucose tolerance, were analysed. Usual dietary intake was obtained by an interviewer-administered, validated food-frequency questionnaire. Outcomes included SI, fasting insulin (FI), BMI and waist circumference. The relationship of dietary patterns to log(SI+1), log(FI), BMI and waist circumference was modelled with multivariable linear regressions. Cluster analysis identified six distinct diet patterns – ‘dark bread’, ‘wine’, ‘fruits’, ‘low-frequency eaters’, ‘fries’ and ‘white bread’. The ‘white bread’ and the ‘fries’ patterns over-represented the Hispanic IRAS population predominantly from two centres, while the ‘wine’ and ‘dark bread’ groups were dominated by non-Hispanic whites. The dietary patterns were associated significantly with each of the outcomes first at the crude, clinical level (P<0·001). Furthermore, they were significantly associated with FI, BMI and waist circumference independent of age, sex, race or ethnicity, clinic, family history of diabetes, smoking and activity (P<0.004), whereas significance was lost for SI. Studying the total dietary behaviour via a pattern approach allowed us to focus both on the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of diet. The present study identified highly consistent associations of distinct dietary patterns with measures of insulin resistance and adiposity, which are risk factors for diabetes and heart disease.

scholarly journals Association of Dietary Patterns with Weight Status and Metabolic Risk Factors among Children and Adolescents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1153
Author(s):  
Seulki Oh ◽  
So Yeong Lee ◽  
Do-Yeon Kim ◽  
Sarah Woo ◽  
YoonMyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Lower Weight

Unhealthy dietary patterns are associated with obesity in children and adolescents. However, few studies have investigated the relationships between dietary patterns and obesity-related metabolic disorders among Asians. We identified dietary patterns in children and adolescents and examined the associations between these patterns and obesity, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome in South Korea. This study is a cross-sectional design. We used baseline data from an intervention study of 435 Korean children and adolescents aged 6–17 years. Insulin resistance was assessed as HOMA-IR ≥ 2.6. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by cardiovascular disease risk factor clustering. Dietary intakes were estimated using 3-day food records. Factor analysis was used to obtain dietary patterns, and we examined the associations between dietary patterns and obesity-related markers adjusted for potential covariates. Three dietary patterns were identified as fast food and soda (FFS), white rice and kimchi (WRK), and oil and seasoned vegetable (OSV) patterns. Compared with participants in the lower intake of FFS pattern, those in the top intake were associated with a higher waist circumference (WC) (β = 1.55), insulin level (β = 1.25), and body mass index (BMI) (β = 0.53) and it was positively associated with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.6 (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.227–3.638) (p < 0.05). WRK pattern was associated with lower weight and higher HDL cholesterol, and the OSV pattern was associated with a lower weight, WC, and insulin level (p < 0.05). The FFS pattern showed a positive relation with WC, serum insulin, and BMI, and the other two dietary patterns indicated a preventive effect of those parameters. The FFS pattern was associated with significantly elevated insulin resistance among children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and breakfast consumption in relation to insulin resistance in children. The Healthy Growth Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 2790-2797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Karatzi ◽  
George Moschonis ◽  
Afroditi-Alexandra Barouti ◽  
Christos Lionis ◽  
George P Chrousos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Cross Point ◽  
Breakfast Consumption ◽  
Healthy Growth

AbstractObjectiveInsulin resistance is a significant cross-point for the manifestation of several chronic diseases in children and adults. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible relationship of certain dietary patterns and breakfast consumption habits with insulin resistance in children.SubjectsA representative sample of 1912 schoolchildren (aged 9–13 years) participated in a cross-sectional epidemiological study, the Healthy Growth Study, which was initiated in May 2007 and completed in June 2009.SettingIt was conducted in seventy-seven primary schools in four large regions in Greece.DesignDietary intake, breakfast consumption, anthropometric and physical examination data, biochemical indices and socio-economic information collected from parents were assessed in all children. Principal components analysis was used to identify dietary patterns.ResultsA dietary pattern of increased consumption of margarine, sweets (candies, lollipops, jellies, traditional fruit in heavy syrup) and savoury snacks (chips, cheese puffs and not home-made popcorn) was associated with homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR; β = 0·08, P < 0·001) in multivariate models. Children in the third tertile of this dietary pattern had a 2·51 (95 % CI 1·30, 4·90) times higher risk of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 3·16) than those in the first tertile. Breakfast consumption had an inverse correlation with insulin resistance, but the correlation lost its significance after adjustments for waist circumference, birth weight, parental BMI and socio-economic status.ConclusionsIncreased consumption of margarine, sweets and savoury snacks, which is a common dietary pattern in childhood, was positively associated with insulin resistance, while breakfast consumption had an inverse association with HOMA-IR, in schoolchildren (aged 9–13 years). Identification of dietary behaviours that might affect insulin resistance in children offers valuable advice in cardiometabolic risk prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Alternative Dietary Patterns for Americans: Low-Carbohydrate Diets

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3299
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Volek ◽  
Stephen D. Phinney ◽  
Ronald M. Krauss ◽  
Richard J. Johnson ◽  
Laura R. Saslow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Low Carbohydrate

The decades-long dietary experiment embodied in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) focused on limiting fat, especially saturated fat, and higher carbohydrate intake has coincided with rapidly escalating epidemics of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) that are contributing to the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other diet-related chronic diseases. Moreover, the lack of flexibility in the DGA as it pertains to low carbohydrate approaches does not align with the contemporary trend toward precision nutrition. We argue that personalizing the level of dietary carbohydrate should be a high priority based on evidence that Americans have a wide spectrum of metabolic variability in their tolerance to high carbohydrate loads. Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and T2D are conditions strongly associated with insulin resistance, a condition exacerbated by increased dietary carbohydrate and improved by restricting carbohydrate. Low-carbohydrate diets are grounded across the time-span of human evolution, have well-established biochemical principles, and are now supported by multiple clinical trials in humans that demonstrate consistent improvements in multiple established risk factors associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recently recognized a low carbohydrate eating pattern as an effective approach for patients with diabetes. Despite this evidence base, low-carbohydrate diets are not reflected in the DGA. As the DGA Dietary Patterns have not been demonstrated to be universally effective in addressing the needs of many Americans and recognizing the lack of widely available treatments for obesity, metabolic syndrome, and T2D that are safe, effective, and sustainable, the argument for an alternative, low-carbohydrate Dietary Pattern is all the more compelling.

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