Heat-affected zone cracking in nickel-based superalloys and the role of minor elements

2021 ◽  
pp. 199-228
Author(s):  
O.A. Ojo ◽  
N.L. Richards ◽  
K.R. Vishwakarma
Keyword(s):  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Minor Elements

INCO ALLOY G-3

Alloy Digest ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Stress Corrosion ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Iron Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Inco Alloy

Abstract INCO Alloy G-3 is a nickel-chromium-iron alloy with additions of molybdenum and copper. Some of the minor elements are controlled to provide increased resistance to weld heat-affected zone corrosion. The alloy has exceptional stress-corrosion cracking resistance in chloride-containing environments. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-341. Producer or source: lnco Alloys International.

Recent Aspects on the Effect of Inclusion Characteristics on the Intragranular Ferrite Formation in Low Alloy Steels: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangzhong Mu ◽  
Pär Göran Jönsson ◽  
Keiji Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Intragranular Ferrite ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Future Work

AbstractIntragranular ferrite (IGF), which nucleates from specific inclusion surfaces in low alloy steels, is the desired microstructure to improve mechanical properties of steel such as the toughness. This microstructure is especially important in the coarse grain heat affected zone (CGHAZ) of weldments. The latest review paper focusing on the role of non-metallic inclusions in the IGF formation in steels has been reported by Sarma et al. in 2009 (ISIJ int., 49(2009), 1063–1074). In recent years, large amount of papers have been presented to investigate different issues of this topic. This paper mainly highlights the frontiers of experimental and theoretical investigations on the effects of inclusion characteristics, such as the composition, size distribution and number density, on the IGF formation in low carbon low-alloyed steels, undertaken by the group of Applied Process Metallurgy, KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Related results reported in previous studies are also introduced. Also, plausible future work regarding various items of IGF formation is mentioned in each section. This work aims to give a better control of improving the steel quality during casting and in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of weldment, according to the concept of oxide metallurgy.

The Role of Alloy Composition on the Steam Oxidation Resistance of 9-12%Cr Steels

2006 ◽  
Vol 522-523 ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Osgerby ◽  
A. Tony Fry
Keyword(s):  
Oxide Layer ◽  
Defect Structure ◽  
Alloy Composition ◽  
Steam Oxidation ◽  
Oxide Scales ◽  
Martensitic Steels ◽  
Minor Elements ◽  
Composition Modification ◽  
Gas Penetration

Three commercial martensitic steels have been oxidised in steam at 600 and 650 °C for times up to 10000 h. The partition of minor elements within the oxide scales has been determined. Silicon forms an additional oxide layer beneath the spinel. Chromium, molybdenum and tungsten concentrate in the spinel and manganese is present in both the spinel and magnetite. Several proposed mechanisms for steam oxidation have been examined to explain the observed effects of alloy composition. Modification of the oxide defect structure and oxidant gas penetration through microcracks were identified as the mechanisms most able to explain the influence of alloy composition.

scholarly journals Role of Microstructure in Susceptibility of X70 Pipeline Steel to Hydrogen Embrittlement

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hejazi ◽  
A.J. Haq ◽  
N. Yazdipour ◽  
D.P. Dunne ◽  
Frank J. Barbaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Pipeline Steel ◽  
Rolled Strip ◽  
Bend Tests ◽  
Point Bend ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Surface Observations

In order to investigate the susceptibility of steels to hydrogen embrittlement as a function of their microstructure X70 steel was chosen in different conditions: normalized transfer bar, as-received hot rolled strip and heat affected zone (HAZ). Notched and fatigue pre-cracked samples were subjected to electrochemical hydrogen charging to achieve 2 ppm hydrogen content. Three point bend tests were conducted on as-received and hydrogen charged samples. The results showed that HAZ samples are more susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement than the others. This was supported by fracture surface observations.

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