Resistance in Tomato Plants Against Fusarium Wilt Induced by Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Dianthi.

1991 ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.A.M. KROON ◽  
R.J. SCHEFFER ◽  
D.M. ELGERSMA
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Tomato Plants

scholarly journals Biological management of fusarium wilt on tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycospersici by some plant growth-promoting bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halima Z. Hussein ◽  
Shaker I. Al-Dulaimi
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Systemic Resistance ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Infection Percentage

AbstractChemical approaches have been applied to combat Fusarium wilt disease for a long time. Even though pesticides are effective in controlling the disease, they continue to damage the environment. Environmental-friendly approaches to manage plant disease are the goal of many studies recently. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of some bio-agents in induction of systemic resistance in tomato plants as a management approach of Fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (FOL) under condition Plastic house. Results of the plastic house experiments showed that all treatments in decreased Fusarium disease percentage and severity on tomato, two bacterial combinations (Streptomyces sp. (St) and Pseudomonas fluorescence (Pf)) decreased the infection percentage and disease severity with 16.6% and 8.3%, respectively. Treatment with St reduced the infection percentage and disease severity with 33.3% and 22.8%, while the Pf treatment showed 41.6% and 31.2% reduction in infection percentage and disease severity, compared to 100% and 91.6% in the control treatment. Results of induced systemic resistance (ISR) biochemical indicators showed significant differences in tomato plants. Peroxidase and Phenylalanine-Ammonia-Lyase (PAL) activity and the Phenol content increased significantly 14 days after treatments compared to the control treatment, which contains only the fungal pathogen FOL.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Beberapa Bentuk Formulasi Trichoderma spp dalam Mengendalikan Penyakit Layu Fusarium pada Tanaman Tomat

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fazil ◽  
Tjut Chamzurni ◽  
Rina Sriwati
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Liquid Product ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Product Formulation ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstrak: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) adalah salah satu patogen tular tanah yang sangat berbahaya bagi tanaman tomat, hal itu dikarenakan patogen ini mampu bertahan dalam jangka waktu yang lama di dalam tanah. Salah  satu  alternatif  pengendalian  secara  biologi  yang  ramah  lingkungan  adalah dengan cara memanfaatkan cendawan antagonis sebagai agen biokontrol yaitu Trichoderma spp. penggunaan cendawan antagonis sebagai agen hayati harus dalam bentuk formula yang tepat dengan bahan yang mudah tersedia. Penelitian  ini   bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  pengaruh  aplikasi  beberapa   bentuk formulasi  Trichoderma  spp  dalam  mengendalikan penyakit  layu  fusarium  pada  tanaman tomat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola non faktorial yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan menggunakan 5 ulangan, setiap ulangan terdiri dari 4 unit tanaman. Susunan perlakuan bentuk formulasi berbahan aktif Trichoderma spp yaitu F0 = Kontrol (tanpa perlakuan),F1 = Formulasi pelet daun katuk 3 g (+ 10 butir)/polibag, F2 = Formulasi padat jagung kering 3 g/polibag dan F3 = Formulasi cair produk komersil 100 ml/polibag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi beberapa bentuk formulasi  Trichoderma spp  mampu memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap persentase layu tanaman dan tinggi tanaman serta persentase batang yang xylemnya terdiskolorasi. Application of Several Forms by Trichoderma spp Formulation in Controlling Fusarium Wilt Disease on Tomato PlantsAbstract. Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol) is one of the soil pathogens that is very harmful for tomato plants, it is because these pathogens are able to survive for a long time in the soil. One of the alternative biological controls that are environmentally friendly is by utilizing the antagonist fungus as a biocontrol agent that is Trichoderma spp. the use of antagonistic fungi as biological agents should be in the form of the right formula with easily available materials. This study aims to determine the effect of application of some form of Trichoderma spp formulation in controlling fusarium wilt disease in tomato plants. This research uses Completely Randomized Design of non factorial pattern consisting of 4 treatments using 5 replications, each replication consisting of 4 plant units. the active formulation by several form formulation of Trichoderma spp is F0 = Control (without treatment), F1 = Leaf pelet formulation 3 g (+ 10 grain) / polybag, F2 = Dry corn solid formula 3 g / polybag and F3 = Commercial liquid product formulation 100 ml / polybag. The results showed that the application of some form of formulation Trichoderma spp able to give a real effect on the percentage of wilting plants and plant height as well as the percentage of stems that discoloration on xylem.

scholarly journals PENGARUH INOKULASI MIKORIZA VESIKULA ARBUSKULA (MVA) CAMPURAN TERHADAP KEMUNCULAN PENYAKIT LAYU FUSARIUM PADA TANAMAN TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum)

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Uswatun Hasanah ◽  
Purnomowati Purnomowati ◽  
Uki Dwiputranto
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Main Parameter ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Tomato has an important role to fullfil the nutrition of society. The most important problem in the cultivation of tomatoes is fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum it will attacking the plants from nursery to adult. One of the alternative control is use the Vesicles Arbuscular Mycorrhizae (VAM). The success of VAM infection in plants is determined by the dose and the inoculation. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of dose and mixture VAM inoculation to against the emergence of fusarium wilt in tomato plants and to determine the dosage mixture VAM inoculation as the most effective way for controlling fusarium wilt in tomato plants. The method of this research used experimental with completely randomized design. The experimental treatment consists of two types of treatment that are combined with used 5 doses of VAM mixture (0 g/plant, 10 g/plant, 12,5 g/plant, 15 g/plant, 17,5 g/plant) and used two ways of inoculation ( inoculation when the seed is planted and inoculation when transplanting the seeds). Each treatment was repeated 3 times and each test are three plants. The parameters was observed the incubation period of the disease and the intensity of fusarium wilt as the main parameter and the measurement of pH, temperature, humidity room, and the degree of infection as supporting parameters. The results of this research showed that the dosage and inoculation of VAM mixture is not able to reduce the emergence of fusarium wilt on tomatoes, but it was able to extend the incubation period of fusarium wilt on tomato plants a dose with 10 g /plant inoculated plants when the seeds are planted and inoculation when transplanting the seeds.

scholarly journals Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum Strain Fo47 Induces Resistance to Fusarium Wilt in Tomato

Plant Disease ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-G. Fuchs ◽  
Y. Moënne-Loccoz ◽  
G. Défago
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Nonpathogenic Strain ◽  
Induce Resistance ◽  
Soil Strain ◽  
Tomato Diseases ◽  
Hydroponic Conditions ◽  
Practical Implications

Nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum strain Fo47 controls the incidence of Fusarium wilt. Four bioassays in which a strain of the pathogen F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and Fo47 were not in direct contact were developed to evaluate whether Fo47 could induce resistance to Fusarium wilt in tomato plants. Fo47 and the pathogen were separated either physically or in time. Bio-assays were carried out under hydroponic conditions (two bioassays), in potting mix, or in autoclaved soil. Strain Fo47 protected tomato against Fusarium wilt in all four bioassays. Inoculation with Fo47 increased chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, and β-1,4-glucosidase activity in plants, confirming the ability of Fo47 to induce resistance in tomato. This report is the first to demonstrate that a nonpathogenic strain of F. oxysporum can induce resistance to Fusarium wilt in tomato plants. This result has important practical implications for biocontrol of tomato diseases under commercial conditions.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Ekstrak Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao) Dalam Menghambat Penyakit Layu Fusarium Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tomat

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
A. Abdillah ◽  
R. Rachmawaty ◽  
A. Mu'nisa
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Plant Physiology ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Theobroma Cacao ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Natural Fungicide ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Tanaman budidaya tidak dapat dipisahkan dari penyakit, penyakit ini disebabkan oleh patogen yang dapat merusak proses fisiologi tanaman. patogen ini dapat berupa bakteri atau jamur. Layu fusarium disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum, pada tomat penyakit ini disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. Penyakit ini bisa menyebabkan kerugian besar bagi petani. Penggunaan fungisida sintetik telah banyak digunakan untuk mengendalikan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh fusarium oxysporum tetapi memiliki efek buruk yang besar terhadap lingkungan, oleh karena itu diperlukan fungisida biologis yang ramah lingkungan dalam mengendalikan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas fungisida alami yang diperoleh dari buah kakao. Dalam penelitian ini 6 perlakuan digunakan, P0 (kontrol tanaman sehat tanpa pengobatan), P1 (kontrol tanaman sakit diobati F. oxysporum), P2 (pengobatan ekstrak kakao 2% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P3 (pengobatan ekstrak buah kakao ekstrak 5% + perlakuan F. oxysporum), P4 (perlakuan ekstrak buah kakao 8% + perlakuan F. oxysporum) P5 (perlakuan benomyl + perlakuan F. oxysporum) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fungisida nabati dari ekstrak biji kakao mampu menghambat layu fusarium. Setiap perlakuan memiliki efek yang sama pada tinggi maksimum tanaman tomat, jumlah buah dan berat buah. Tinggi tanaman tertinggi, jumlah daun dan berat buah tertinggi pada perlakuan ekstrak 8% dan terendah adalah 2% perlakuan ekstrak. Kata Kunci : Layu Fusarium, Fusarium Oxysporum, Fungisida Alami  Cultivation plants are inseparable from disease, this disease is caused by pathogens that can damage plant physiology processes. these pathogens can be either bacteria or fungi. Fusarium wilt is caused by fusarium oxysporum, in tomatoes this disease is caused by fusarium oxysporum f. sp lycopersici. This disease can cause huge losses to farmers. The use of synthetic fungicides has been widely used to control diseases caused by fusarium oxysporum but has a major adverse effect on the environment, therefore it is necessary to have an environmentally friendly biological fungicide in controlling the disease. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of natural fungicides obtained from cocoa pods. In this study 6 treatments were used, P0 (control of healthy plants without treatment), P1 (control of sick plants treated F. oxysporum), P2 (treatment of 2% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum ) P3 (treatment of cocoa pods extract 5 % + treatment of F. oxysporum ), P4 (treatment of 8% cocoa pods extract + treatment of F. oxysporum) P5 (treatment of benomyl + treatment F. oxysporum ) The results showed that vegetable fungicides from cocoa pods extract were able to inhibit fusarium wilt. Each treatment has the same effect on the maximum height of tomato plants, number of fruits and weight of fruit. The highest plant height, number of leaves and highest fruit weight was at 8% extract treatment and the lowest was 2% extract treatmen. Keywords: fusarium wilt. Fusarium oxysporum, natural fungicide

scholarly journals First report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3 on tomato in Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ailton Reis ◽  
Hélcio Costa ◽  
Leonardo S. Boiteux ◽  
Carlos A. Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Lycopersicon Pennellii ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Important Disease

Fusarium wilt, caused by three races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, is one of the most important diseases of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Races 1 and 2 are distributed worldwide whereas race 3 has a more limited geographic distribution with no report thus far in Brazil. Seven F. oxysporum isolates were obtained from wilted tomato plants of race 1 and 2-resistant hybrids 'Carmen' and 'Alambra' in Venda Nova do Imigrante (State of Espírito Santo), Brazil. Virulence assays were performed using a set of the race differential cultivars: 'Ponderosa' (susceptible to all races), 'IPA-5' (resistant to race 1), 'Floradade' (resistant to races 1 and 2) and 'BHRS-2,3' (resistant to race 3). All isolates were highly virulent to 'Ponderosa', 'IPA-5' and 'Floradade' and were able to infect only a few plants of 'BHRS-2,3'. An additional virulence test was conducted including the same set of cultivars plus Lycopersicon pennellii 'LA 716'. Identical results were obtained with L. pennellii displaying an extreme (immune-like) resistant response. These results indicated that all seven isolates could be classified as F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 3. This new Fusarium wilt might became an economically important disease since race 3-resistant cultivars adapted to Brazil are not yet available.

scholarly journals Preparation of the oligochitosan-silver nanoparticles with a potential application as an antigungal fertilizer against Fusarium oxysporum causing fusarium wilt disease on tomato

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thanh Vũ ◽  
Huỳnh Quyền ◽  
Dương Hoa Xô ◽  
Lê Quang Luân
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Fusarium Wilt Disease

Chitosan with molecular weight (Mw) approx. 573,2 kDa and deacetylation degree about 80% was irradiated by gamma rays at swollen state in the present of 1 - 3% hydrogen peroxide for degradation to prepare low Mw products. The solution of 5% low Mw chitosan in 0.5% acetic acid was further irradiated for induction of oligochitosan. The obtained results indicated that the foliar application by 100 ppm oligochitosan with Mw ~ 19.5 kDa prepared by 4kGy-irradiation of the low Mw chitosan with Mw ~ 48.4 kDa had a strongly growth promotion effect on tomato plants after 30 days cultivation. The oligochitosan silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was also synthesized by gamma irradiation of solution contained 5% low Mw chitosan and 1 mM silver nitrate in order to prepared antifungal fertilizer for tomato plants. The results on in vitro test for the antifungal activity oligochitosan AgNPs against Fusarium oxysporum causing Fusarium wilt disease pointed out that the addition of this product into cultivated media inhibited strongly the growth of the Fusarium oxysporum pathogen fungus on carrot agar media. The antifungal efficiency values were found from 50.5 to 94.9% by the supplementions of silver concentrations from 20 to 30 ppm, respectively. The supplementation with a silver concentration of 40 ppm inhibited completely the growth of F. oxysporum on the cultivated media. Thus the oligochitosan AgNPs product had not only the growth promotion activity for tomato, but also high antifungal activity against F. oxysporum. This product is promising to be used as an antifungal fertilizer for tomato with safety and efficiency.

EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES AND HERBICIDES APPLIED TO SOIL ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLANT DISEASES: II. EARLY BLIGHT AND FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO

1959 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd T. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Alternaria Solani ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Time Of Application

The effects of several insecticides and herbicides on the development of early blight and Fusarium wilt of tomato were investigated. Young tomato plants were grown in sand to which solutions or suspensions of these chemicals were applied repeatedly before the foliage was inoculated with spores of Alternaria solani and either before or after the roots were inoculated with spores of Fusarium oxysporum f. lycopersici. On the basis of lesion counts, increased early blight development resulted from applications of lindane, 2,4-D, and isodrin, and decreased disease from endrin, MH, NPA, dieldrin, IPC, dalapon, demeton and aldrin. Lindane, isodrin, and dalapon increased the severity of Fusarium wilt whereas endrin, aldrin, TCA, DDT, and dinoseb reduced it. 2,4-D and MH affected wilt development in a susceptible and a resistant variety in different ways according to the time of application in relation to inoculation, but they did not alter the reaction of an immune variety.

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ghea Dotulong ◽  
Stella Umboh ◽  
Johanis Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Colony Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity Test

Uji Toksisitas Beberapa Fungisida Nabati terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium (Fusarium oxysporum) pada Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro (Toxicity Test of several Biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum) in Potato Plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In Vitro) Ghea Dotulong1*), Stella Umboh1), Johanis Pelealu1), 1) Program Studi Biologi, FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima 9 Juli 2019, diterima untuk dipublikasi 10 Agustus 2019 Abstrak Tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) adalah salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang sering mengalami penurunan dari segi produksi dan produktivitasnya, akibat adanya serangan penyakit layu yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi toksisitas beberapa fungisida nabati dalam mengendalikan penyakit Layu Fusarium (F. oxysporum) pada tanaman kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) secara In Vitro. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode umpan beracun. Data dianalisis dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan Analisis Varian (ANAVA) yang dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan metode BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil). Hasil Penelitian, diperoleh nilai toksisitas fungisida nabati tertinggi yaitu pada ekstrak daun sirsak dengan nilai HR (69,44%), kategori berpengaruh, ditandai dengan diameter koloni 2,75 cm (100ppm) dan yang terendah toksisitasnya yaitu pada ekstrak daun jeruk purut dengan nilai HR (49,81%), kategori cukup berpengaruh ditandai dengan diameter koloni 3,75 cm (25ppm). Semakin tinggi konsentrasi yang diujikan maka semakin tinggi toksisitas dari fungisida nabati yang diberikan.Kata Kunci: fungisida nabati, Fusarium oxysporum, tanaman kentang, In Vitro Abstract Potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the horticulture plants which often decreases in terms of production and productivity, due to the attack of wilt, one of which is caused by Fusarium oxysporum. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxicity of several biofungicides in controlling Fusarium wilt (F. oxysporum) in potato plants (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Vitro. The research method used was the In Vitro method with the poison bait method. Data were analyzed by Completely Randomized Design with Variant Analysis (ANAVA), followed by the BNT method. The results showed that the highest biofungicide toxicity value was soursop leaf extract with HR values (69.44%), influential categories, characterized by colony diameter 2.75 cm (100ppm) and the lowest toxicity, namely in kaffir lime leaf extract with a value of HR (49.81%), quite influential category was characterized by colony diameter of 3.75 cm (25ppm). The higher the concentration tested, the higher the toxicity of the biofungicide given.Keywords: biofungicides, Fusarium oxysporum, Potato Plants, In Vitro.

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