First description of a new cryptic species, Simulium vanluni from Peninsular Malaysia: An integrated morpho-taxonomical and genetic approach for naming cryptic species in the family Simuliidae

Acta Tropica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubaidah Ya’cob ◽  
Hiroyuki Takaoka ◽  
Van Lun Low ◽  
Mohd Sofian-Azirun
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
The Family

On Two New Species of Freshwater Crabs of the Genera Sayamia and Heterothelphusa (Brachyura, Parathelphusidae) From Southern Thailand

Crustaceana ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K.L. Ng
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Freshwater Crabs ◽  
The Family ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Two New Species

AbstractTwo new species of freshwater crabs of the family Parathelphusidae are described from southern Thailand. Sayamia melanodactylus sp. nov. is one of the smallest members of the genus known, and seems to be most closely related to S. sexpunctata, but differing in carapace and male gonopod characters as well as in the colour of the fingers of its minor chelae (black against brown). Heterothelphusa fatum sp. nov. is related to H. insolita from nearby northeastern Peninsular Malaysia, but has a distinctly more swollen carapace, proportionately more slender ambulatory legs and a very differently structured major male chela.

The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans-Peter Heckroth ◽  
Brigitte Fiala ◽  
Penny J. Gullan ◽  
Azarae HJ. Idris ◽  
Ulrich Maschwitz
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Soft Scale ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Single Host ◽  
Taxonomic Research ◽  
Host Plant Specificity

Myrmecophytic species of the Paleotropical plant genus Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae) have hollow stems that are almost always occupied by ants of the genus Crematogaster and scale insects of the family Coccidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea). The coccids have a cryptic endophytic lifestyle and are confined to this microhabitat. They are much more diverse than previously recognised. First data are presented on the diversity, prevalence, specificity and distribution of the coccids associated with myrmecophytic Macaranga species. Twenty-two species of Coccidae in total, including 15 previously unknown from Macaranga, were discovered from 19 species of Macaranga in Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. The original describers tentatively assigned the known coccid species to Coccus (Coccinae) but the Macaranga coccids still require taxonomic research to establish their correct placing. The coccids varied in their host-plant specificity from species that occurred in most of the sampled Macaranga to one species that was found almost exclusively only on a single host species. In addition to their occurrence on Macaranga, only three species, C. macarangae and C. secretus and morphospecies C. 214 were found on rare occasions in the stem interior of a few other myrmecophytes and in a non-myrmecophytic liana, but did not regularly colonise these plants. Most of the coccids can be regarded as highly specific at the plant genus level.

scholarly journals Roholtiella, gen. nov. (Nostocales, Cyanobacteria)—a tapering and branching cyanobacteria of the family Nostocaceae

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 197 (2) ◽  
pp. 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markéta Bohunická ◽  
Nicole Pietrasiak ◽  
Jeffrey R. Johansen ◽  
Esther Berrendero Gómez ◽  
Tomáš Hauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
The Family ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
In Series ◽  
Flanking Regions

A total of 16 strains phylogenetically placed within the Nostocaceae were found to possess morphological features of the Rivulariaceae and Tolypothrichaceae (tapering trichomes and single false branching, respectively) in addition to their typical Nostocacean features (production of arthrospores in series). These strains formed a strongly supported clade separate from other strains that are phylogenetically and morphologically close. We describe four new species within the genus Roholtiella gen. nov. The four species include three distinguishable morphotypes. Roholtiella mojaviensis and R. edaphica are morphologically distinct from each other and from the other two species, R. fluviatilis and R. bashkiriorum. Roholtiella fluviatilis and R. bashkiriorum are cryptic species with respect to each other. All four species are easily distinguished based on the sequence of the 16S-23S ITS regions, in particular the flanking regions to the conserved Box-B and V3 helices. The species are further established by the elevated p-distance between species that is much reduced among strains within the same species. Calochaete cimrmanii, a recently described tapering species from tropical biomes, is the most likely sister taxon to Roholtiella.

Insight into species diversity of the Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 (Nematoda: Strongylida) in ruminants

2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Wyrobisz ◽  
J. Kowal ◽  
P. Nosal
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Distinction ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThis paper focuses on the species diversity among the Trichostrongylidae Leiper, 1912 (Nematoda: Strongylida), and complexity of the family systematics. Polymorphism (subfamilies: Ostertagiinae, Cooperiinae and Haemonchinae), the presence of cryptic species (genus: Teladorsagia) and hybridization (genera: Cooperia, Haemonchus and Ostertagia) are presented and discussed, considering both morphological and molecular evidence. Some of these phenomena are common, nevertheless not sufficiently understood, which indicates the need for expanding the current state of knowledge thereof. Within the Trichostrongylidae, species distinction supported merely by morphological features is difficult, and requires confirmation by means of molecular methods. The parasitic nematode taxonomy is complicated mainly by the genus Teladorsagia, but complexity may also be expected among other Ostertagiinae (e.g. in the genera Ostertagia and Marshallagia). The data presented here show that the members of the Trichostrongylidae can significantly complicate unambiguous species identification. Hence, it is essential to consider the phenomena mentioned, to gather valid and comparable data on the biodiversity of this family.

scholarly journals Detecting subtle variation in two cryptic primate families (tarsiidae and lorisidae) through morphology and genetics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel Anne Munds
Keyword(s):  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Coat Color ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Cranial Variation ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Slow Moving ◽  
African Genus

Cryptic species look morphologically similar but in fact are several different species lumped together. This is problematic as it hinders conservation efforts and makes it challenging to infer the evolutionary history of an organism. This dissertation research aims to improve our understanding of the evolution and variation of cryptic, nocturnal primates. Over 60% of primates are threatened with extinction, and many nocturnal species are poorly understood. Research aimed at elucidating species will help conserve them. To do so, I examined the multivariate craniodental allometry of the three genera of tarsiers. Tarsiers are small-bodied, nocturnal primates that have evolved to extreme-carnivorous niche. In order to see better at night their eyes have increased dramatically in size. Such evolution has led to minimal cranial variation among the three groups, despite millions of years of separation. Yet, two distinct groups were found through allometric analyses. Genetics is another tool that can discern the evolution and variation of cryptic species. The slow moving lorises of Asia and Africa appear morphologically similar, making it a challenge to determine their evolutionary history or variation. By using a multi-gene approach, I was able to determine the family is monophyletic with four distinct genera. Furthermore, analyses of a candidate gene that impacts coat color variation, found that the darker colored African genus has more mutations along its branch that result in amino acid changes than the vibrantly colored lorises in Asia. Such a result suggests that a transition to or a maintenance of a darker phenotype is conserved or that other genes besides this one candidate gene influence coat variation. Overall, I was able to find that through a variety of methods, it is possible to detect variation and the evolutionary history of cryptic species.

scholarly journals The Role of Satisfaction in Mediating Trust, Commitment and Loyalty in family Takaful

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
Juliana Arifin ◽  
Norhidayah Abu Bakar ◽  
Puspa Liza Ghazali ◽  
Norizan Remli ◽  
Hamizah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Potential Market ◽  
The Family

Bank Negara Malaysia reports revealed that the Takaful market performance was shown to have contributed significantly to the family Takaful business compared to the general Takaful business, which remained the primary income generator in Malaysia for the Takaful industry. Yet, family Takaful's market penetration rate is still relatively low and does not reach the potential market. It also confirmed that the range of family Takaful participants surrendered their certificates every year. This can be argued that the Takaful industry faces a challenge in maintaining its current family Takaful participants. It is critical for the Takaful industry to focus on participants’ retention by know-how loyalty tendencies. This research aims at providing more information and knowledge on how to manage their loyalty based on its antecedents. Hence the main purpose of this research is to examine the effect of trust, commitment, and satisfaction on participants’ loyalty in family Takaful. This research also aims to examine the mediating role of satisfaction which can help extend the current understanding of loyalty. Quantitative research was put in place to achieve the research objectives. Stratified random sampling and simple random sampling were selected in which the questionnaires were distributed to 400 samples of family Takaful participants in the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The data collected were processed via appropriate computer software such as the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22 (SPSS 22.0) and the AMOS program version 22 (AMOS 22.0). These findings contributed to the existing literature as a guide to better understand consumer behavior cycles, particularly in the context of Takaful industry.

scholarly journals Notes on the leaf insects of the genus Phyllium of Sumatra and Java, Indonesia, including the description of two new species with purple coxae (Phasmatodea, Phylliidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 913 ◽  
pp. 89-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Royce T. Cumming ◽  
Sarah Bank ◽  
Stephane Le Tirant ◽  
Sven Bradler
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Two Populations

Within the last two years, the leaf insects of the genus Phyllium of both the islands of Java and Sumatra have been reviewed extensively based on morphological observations. However, cryptic species which cannot be differentiated morphologically may be present among the various populations. Since it has frequently been demonstrated that analyses based on molecular data can bring clarity in such cases, we conducted a phylogenetic analysis based on three genes (nuclear gene 28S and mitochondrial genes COI and 16S) from the Phyllium species of these islands. The results show distinct molecular divergence for several populations and suggest the presence of two new cryptic species, morphologically inseparable from Phyllium hausleithneri Brock, 1999. From Sumatra, the population originally thought to be a range expansion for Phyllium hausleithneri, is now here described as Phyllium nisussp. nov., with the only consistent morphological difference being the color of the eggs between the two populations (dark brown in P. hausleithneri and tan in P. nisussp. nov.). Further, an additional population with purple coxae from Java was morphologically examined and found to have no consistent features to separate it morphologically from the other purple coxae species. This cryptic species from Java was however shown to be molecularly distinct from the other purple coxae populations from Sumatra and Peninsular Malaysia and is here described as Phyllium gardabagusisp. nov. In addition, Phyllium giganteum is here officially reported from Java for the first time based on both historic and modern records of male specimens.

scholarly journals Split distribution, biogeography and morphological and genetic diversity of the Iberobathynellini Tribe in the family Parabathynellidae (Crustacea, Malacostraca, Bathynellacea)

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-61
Author(s):  
Ana Isabel Camacho ◽  
Paloma Mas-Peinado ◽  
E. Karen López-Estrada ◽  
Beatriz A. Dorda ◽  
Isabel Rey
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Abstract The “Iberobathynella group”, or Iberobathynellini tribe, is a complex of six genera consisting of 33 nominal species and several cryptic species with an amphiatlantic distribution (in Europe, North Africa and North America). A modern systematic revision of this group of subterranean crustaceans is presented here. A phylogenetic and biogeographic study using morphological and molecular data (mitocondrial coi and nuclear 18S) was carried out and allowed to a) re-evaluate the taxonomic status and validity of previously erected subtribes, genera and subgenera that show congruence in the data; b) assess whether the identified mitochondrial lineages represent cryptic species; c) provide a plausible phylogenetic hypothesis for the relationships within Iberobathynellini and with the other two genera of the family Parabathynellidae that inhabit North America and Europe (Montanabathynella and Parabathynella, respectively); d) propose a plausible temporal and historical framework (paleobiogeographic scenario) for the diversification and evolution of the Iberobathynellini tribe based on the current distribution of morphotypes and their estimated times of divergence. Our results show that in parabathynellids, molecular and morphological divergences are not always congruent. Subtribe and subgenus are invalid categories so they must be eliminated. Paraiberobathynella genus needs to be revisited. The molecular dating results support the early divergence of the Iberobathynellini Tribe (Upper Cretaceous, around 78 Mya) and the vicariance by plate tectonics as main factor to explain the amphi-Atlantic distribution shown by this ancient subterranean crustacean group. Since there are species morphologically very similar to I. magna and I. imuniensis, but genetically different, we can ensure the existence of at least three cryptic species. Texanobathynella is undoubtedly a valid genus distinct from Iberobathynella. Montanabathynella and Parabathynella are two well-differentiated genera closely related to the Iberobathynellini tribe.

scholarly journals Bosminopsis deitersi (Crustacea: Cladocera) as an ancient species group: a revision

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11310
Author(s):  
Petr G. Garibian ◽  
Dmitry P. Karabanov ◽  
Anna N. Neretina ◽  
Derek J. Taylor ◽  
Alexey A. Kotov
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Freshwater Ecology ◽  
Genetic Approach ◽  
Species Problem ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Morphological Stasis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Group A

Water fleas (Crustacea: Cladocera) of the Family Bosminidae have been studied since the founding of paleolimnology and freshwater ecology. However, one species, Bosminopsis deitersi, stands out for its exceptional multicontinental range and broad ecological requirements. Here we use an integrated morphological and multilocus genetic approach to address the species problem in B. deitersi. We analyzed 32 populations of B. deitersi s. lat. Two nuclear and two mitochondrial loci were used to carry out the bGMYC, mPTP and STACEY algorithms for species delimitation. Detailed morphological study was also carried out across continents. The evidence indicated a widely distributed cryptic species in the Old World (Bosminopsis zernowi) that is genetically divergent from B. deitersi s.str. We revised the taxonomy and redescribed the species in this complex. Our sampling indicated that B. zernowi had weak genetic differentiation across its range. A molecular clock and biogeographic analysis with fossil calibrations suggested a Mesozoic origin for the Bosminopsis deitersi group. Our evidence rejects the single species hypothesis for B. deitersi and is consistent with an ancient species group (potentially Mesozoic) that shows marked morphological conservation. The family Bosminidae, then, has examples of both rapid morphological evolution (Holocene Bosmina), and morphological stasis (Bosminopsis).

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