A novel protein coding potential of long intergenic non-coding RNAs (lincRNAs) in the kinetoplastid protozoan parasite Leishmania major

Acta Tropica ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Pawar ◽  
Kalpana Pai ◽  
Milind S. Patole
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Coding Potential ◽  
Parasite Leishmania ◽  
Novel Protein

scholarly journals Long non-coding RNAs in plants: emerging modulators of gene activity in development and stress responses

Planta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 252 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Qian-Hao Zhu ◽  
Kerstin Kaufmann
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Translational Regulation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Coding Potential

Abstract Main conclusion Long non-coding RNAs modulate gene activity in plant development and stress responses by various molecular mechanisms. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides without protein coding potential. Computational approaches have identified numerous lncRNAs in different plant species. Research in the past decade has unveiled that plant lncRNAs participate in a wide range of biological processes, including regulation of flowering time and morphogenesis of reproductive organs, as well as abiotic and biotic stress responses. LncRNAs execute their functions by interacting with DNA, RNA and protein molecules, and by modulating the expression level of their targets through epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional or translational regulation. In this review, we summarize characteristics of plant lncRNAs, discuss recent progress on understanding of lncRNA functions, and propose an experimental framework for functional characterization.

scholarly journals A novel hydrolase with a pro-death activity from the protozoan parasite Leishmania major

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Basmaciyan ◽  
Pauline Jacquet ◽  
Nadine Azas ◽  
Magali Casanova
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

Identification of factors involved in ribosome assembly in the protozoan parasite Leishmania major

Acta Tropica ◽  
2022 ◽  
pp. 106315
Author(s):  
Tomás Nepomuceno-Mejía ◽  
Luis E. Florencio-Martínez ◽  
Isabel Pineda-García ◽  
Santiago Martínez-Calvillo
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Ribosome Assembly ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

Potential regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA in diabetes and its complications

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shui-Dong Feng ◽  
Ji-Hua Yang ◽  
Chao Hua Yao ◽  
Si-Si Yang ◽  
Ze-Mei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Biological Relevance ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Coding Potential

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides without protein-coding potential. Although these molecules were initially considered as “junk products” of transcription without biological relevance, recent advances in research have shown that lncRNA plays an important role, not only in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism, but also in the pathological processes of cancers, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on the potential regulatory roles of lncRNA in diabetes and the complications associated with diabetes.

scholarly journals Leishmania major parasites express cyclophilin isoforms with an unusual interaction with calcineurin

1998 ◽  
Vol 334 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine RASCHER ◽  
Andreas PAHL ◽  
Anja PECHT ◽  
Kay BRUNE ◽  
Werner SOLBACH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Isomerase Activity ◽  
Terminal Amino ◽  
Pathogenic Protozoan ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

The immunosuppressive effects of the fungal metabolite cyclosporin A (CsA) are mediated primarily by binding to cyclophilins (Cyps). The resulting CsA–Cyp complex inhibits the Ca2+-regulated protein phosphatase calcineurin and down-regulates signal transduction events. Previously we reported that CsA is a potent inhibitor of infections transmitted by the human pathogenic protozoan parasite Leishmania major in vitro and in vivo, but does not effect the extracellular growth of L. major itself. It is unknown how L. major exerts this resistance to CsA. Here we report that a major Cyp, besides additional isoforms with the same N-terminal amino acid sequence, was expressed in L. major. The cloned and sequenced gene encodes a putative 174-residue protein called L. major Cyp 19 (LmCyp19). The recombinant LmCyp19 exhibits peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase activity with a substrate specificity and an inhibition by CsA that are characteristic of other eukaryotic Cyps. To determine whether calcineurin is involved in the discrimination of the effects of CsA we also examined the presence of a parasitic calcineurin and tested the interaction with Cyps. Despite the expression of functionally active calcineurin by L. major, neither LmCyp19 nor other L. major Cyps bound to its own or mammalian calcineurin. The amino acid sequence of most Cyps includes an essential arginine residue around the calcineurin-docking side. In LmCyp19 this is replaced by an asparagine residue. This exchange and additional charged residues are apparently responsible for the lack of LmCyp19 interaction with calcineurin. These observations indicate that resistance of L. major to CsA in vitro is mediated by the lack of complex formation with calcineurin despite CsA binding by parasitic Cyp.

Ribosomal RNA Genes in the Protozoan Parasite Leishmania major Possess a Nucleosomal Structure

Protist ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan C. Vizuet-de-Rueda ◽  
Luis E. Florencio-Martínez ◽  
Norma E. Padilla-Mejía ◽  
Rebeca Manning-Cela ◽  
Rosaura Hernández-Rivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Genes ◽  
Nucleosomal Structure ◽  
Rna Genes ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

scholarly journals Comprehensive Annotations of Human Herpesvirus 6A and 6B Genomes Reveal Novel and Conserved Genomic Features

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaara Finkel ◽  
Dominik Schmiedel ◽  
Julie Tai-Schmiedel ◽  
Aharon Nachshon ◽  
Michal Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Ribosome Profiling ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Functional Studies ◽  
Viral Genes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Coding Potential ◽  
Reading Frames

AbstractHuman herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) A and B are highly ubiquitous betaherpesviruses, infecting the majority of the human population. Like other herpesviruses, they encompass large genomes and our understanding of their protein coding potential is far from complete. Here we employ ribosome profiling and systematic transcript analysis to experimentally define the HHV-6 translation products and to follow their temporal expression. We identify hundreds of new open reading frames (ORFs), including many upstream ORFs (uORFs) and internal ORFs (iORFs), generating a complete unbiased atlas of HHV-6 proteome. Furthermore, by integrating systematic data from the prototypic betaherpesvirus, human cytomegalovirus, we uncover numerous uORFs and iORFs that are conserved across betaherpesviruses and we show that uORFs are specifically enriched in late viral genes. Using our transcriptome measurements, we identified three highly abundant HHV-6 encoded long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), one of which generates a non-polyadenylated stable intron that appears to be a conserved feature of betaherpesviruses. Overall, our work reveals the complexity of HHV-6 genomes and highlights novel features that are conserved between betaherpesviruses, providing a rich resource for future functional studies.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis of the glycolipid anchor of lipophosphoglycan and the structurally related glycoinositolphospholipids from Leishmania major

1995 ◽  
Vol 308 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Proudfoot ◽  
P Schneider ◽  
M A J Ferguson ◽  
M J McConville
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Leishmania Major ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Surface Labelling ◽  
Glycolipid Anchor ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Parasite Leishmania

The major macromolecule on the surface of the protozoan parasite Leishmania major is a lipophosphoglycan (LPG) which contains a glycosylphosphatidylinositol glycolipid anchor. This parasite also synthesizes a complex family of abundant low-molecular-mass glycoinositolphospholipids (GIPLs) which are structurally related to the LPG anchor. In this study, L. major promastigotes were metabolically labelled with [3H]GlcN, and the kinetics of incorporation into free glycolipids and the LPG anchor followed to elucidate the pathway of GIPL biosynthesis and possible precursor-product relationships between the GIPLs and LPG. Labelled GIPLs were identified by TLC and by liquid chromatography of the released headgroups, before and after enzymic and chemical cleavage. On the basis of the measured specific radioactivities of the GIPLs, and their kinetics of radiolabelling, we suggest the pathway GlcN-PI-->Man1GlcN-PI (M1)-->Man2GlcN-PI (iM2)-->GalfMan2GlcN-PI (GIPL-1)-->Gal1GalfMan2GlcN-PI (GIPL-2)-->Gal2GalfMan2GlcN-PI (GIPL-3). All of the GIPLs were shown to contain alkylacylglycerol or lyso-alkylglycerol lipid moieties with the exception of the earliest intermediate, glucosaminylphosphatidylinositol (GlcN-PI), which contained both alkylacylglycerol and diacylglycerol. A significant proportion (approx. 50%) of GIPL-3 appeared to be selectively modified by the addition of a Glc-1-PO4 residue to one of the mannose residues (P-GIPL-3). On the basis of the specific radioactivity and kinetics of labelling of GIPL-3 and P-GIPL-3 we suggest that both of these low-abundance species are rapidly utilized as LPG precursors. The turnover of LPG and the GIPLs was also studied by [3H]Gal pulse-chase labelling and cell-surface labelling experiments. Whereas LPG was rapidly shed from the cell surface, consistent with previous studies, the GIPLs (both the total cellular and cell-surface pools) had a much slower turnover. These results suggest that the majority of the GIPLs do not act as LPG precursors and indicate that the cellular levels of these molecules is determined, at least in part, by the rate at which they are shed from the cell surface.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document