Landscape structure influences bee community and coffee pollination at different spatial scales

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Teixeira Saturni ◽  
Rodolfo Jaffé ◽  
Jean Paul Metzger
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Bee Community

Landscape Heterogeneity and Dynamics

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-126
Author(s):  
Kimberly A. With
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Ecology ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Anthropogenic Disturbances ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Disturbance Dynamics ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Over Time

Heterogeneity is a defining characteristic of landscapes and therefore central to the study of landscape ecology. Landscape ecology investigates what factors give rise to heterogeneity, how that heterogeneity is maintained or altered by natural and anthropogenic disturbances, and how heterogeneity ultimately influences ecological processes and flows across the landscape. Because heterogeneity is expressed across a wide range of spatial scales, the landscape perspective can be applied to address these sorts of questions at any level of ecological organization, and in aquatic and marine systems as well as terrestrial ones. Disturbances—both natural and anthropogenic—are a ubiquitous feature of any landscape, contributing to its structure and dynamics. Although the focus in landscape ecology is typically on spatial heterogeneity, disturbance dynamics produce changes in landscape structure over time as well as in space. Heterogeneity and disturbance dynamics are thus inextricably linked and are therefore covered together in this chapter.

Influence of landscape structure and stand age on species density and biomass of a tropical dry forest across spatial scales

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Luis Hernández-Stefanoni ◽  
Juan Manuel Dupuy ◽  
Fernando Tun-Dzul ◽  
Filogonio May-Pat
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Density And Biomass

scholarly journals Habitat fragmentation reduces occupancy of nest boxes by an open-country raptor

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 364-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
JESSI L. BROWN ◽  
MICHAEL W. COLLOPY ◽  
JOHN A. SMALLWOOD
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Fragmentation ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
American Kestrel ◽  
Open Habitat ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Time Periods

SummaryDespite the recent rapid decline of many grassland bird species, the relative importance of habitat configuration to population persistence is unclear. We used Southeastern American KestrelsFalco sparverius paulusin north-central Florida as a model system to explore the relative influence of landscape structure components on site occupancy patterns at two spatial scales, and for two different time periods. We focused on the dynamic processes of site-level population expansion or contraction. We modelled the occupancy of 131 American Kestrel nest boxes with Bayesian state-space dynamic occupancy models that considered both the partially observed process of true occupancy and the probability of detection of occupancy. We used reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) algorithms to identify variables that described the continued occupancy of nest boxes, or ϕ, and the probability of colonisation of nest boxes between time periods, or γ3. Changes in open habitat patch isolation at a fine scale, as estimated by the variability of nearest neighbour distance, predicted site colonisation between decades, and patch shape variability was related to ϕ during the early time period (1992–93). We found no strong effects of landscape structure on ϕ during the later time period (2008–2010). We also found no evidence for effects of loss of open habitat on box occupancy or colonization. Our results indicate that continued habitat fragmentation would be deleterious for this threatened subspecies. Additionally, certain land cover management practices recommended for the Florida sandhills, such as frequent low-intensity controlled burns, will likely help conservation attempts.

scholarly journals Landscape structure shapes the diversity of tree seedlings at multiple spatial scales in a fragmented tropical rainforest

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0253284
Author(s):  
Sergio Nicasio-Arzeta ◽  
Isela E. Zermeño-Hernández ◽  
Susana Maza-Villalobos ◽  
Julieta Benítez-Malvido
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Landscape Configuration ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Tree Seedling ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Α Diversity

The maintenance of seedling diversity of animal-dispersed tree species is fundamental for the structure and function of forest patches in fragmented tropical rainforests. Nonetheless, the effects of landscape structure at different spatial scales on α- and β-diversity of tree seedling communities are recently explored. Using a multi-scale approach, we assessed the relative effect of landscape composition and configuration on α- and β-diversity of animal-dispersed seedlings within 16 forest patches in the Lacandona rainforest, Mexico. We assessed these effects at 13 spatial scales (from 300 to 1500 m radius, at 100 m intervals) for three metrics of effective number of species considering α- and β-diversity. We found that α-diversity was largely affected by landscape composition and β-diversity by landscape configuration. On the one hand, the amount of secondary forest influenced α-diversity. Additionally, species richness increased in landscapes with highly aggregated forest patches. On the other hand, β-diversity was affected positively by forest fragmentation and negatively by the edge contrast of forest patches with the surrounding matrix. Our findings indicate that landscape configuration is a strong driver of seedling diversity in highly deforested rainforests. Promoting forest patches and secondary forests through payment for ecosystem services’ programs, favoring matrix quality within land-sharing schemes of smallholder agriculture and secondary forest management, and identifying restoration opportunities for assisted or unassisted natural regeneration are urgently needed for conservation of seedling diversity in human-modified tropical landscapes.

Indicators of avian nest predation and parental activity in a managed boreal forest: an assessment at two spatial scales

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 374-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Ibarzabal ◽  
André Desrochers
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Nest Predation ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Edge Length ◽  
Nesting Success ◽  
Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Total Core Area ◽  
Nest Predators

Studies of avian nesting success at the landscape level often use a single indirect measure to evaluate nest predation or parental activity. During two summers at Forêt Montmorency, Quebec, we analyzed and compared three indirect measures of nest predation risk: detection of two nest predators, (1) red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus Erxleben) and (2) gray jay (Perisoreus canadensis L.), (3) depredation of bait, and direct observations of parental activity (mostly food transported by adults) at 316 stations over a 230-km2 area. We assessed the relationship between these indicators and three landscape-structure variables (total forested area, total core area, and total edge length) at two spatial scales (83 and 1610 ha). Nest predators were generally present at <30% of stations, <20% of baits were depredated, and >40% of stations exhibited evidence of broods. Bait depredation and the detection of jays or squirrels were correlated, but we found no associations between nest predation and parental activity indicators. Indicators of nest predation and parental activity were not significantly heterogeneous over the study area, despite substantial variation of landscape structure. We argue that parental activity indicators may be more reliable than nest predation indicators, but only as a coarse way to detect variation in nesting success.

Influence of landscape structure on mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and dytiscids (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) at five spatial scales in Swedish wetlands

Wetlands ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina L. Schäfer ◽  
Elisabeth Lundkvist ◽  
Jan Landin ◽  
Thomas Z. Persson ◽  
Jan O. Lundström
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Spatial Scales

scholarly journals The Interplay Between Thematic Resolution, Forest Cover, and Heterogeneity for Explaining Euglossini Bees Community in an Agricultural Landscape

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lázaro da Silva Carneiro ◽  
Willian Moura de Aguiar ◽  
Camila de Fátima Priante ◽  
Milton Cezar Ribeiro ◽  
Wilson Frantine-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Thematic Resolution ◽  
Bee Community

Human activities have modified the landscape composition. The changes in the landscape structure can be evaluated by metrics, which are influenced, among other factors, by the number of cover classes used for the landscape classification (thematic resolution). In high thematic resolutions, landscape covers that can influence biological responses are identified and detailed. In low thematic resolutions, this detail level is lower because it aggregates different landscape covers in a few classes. However, how the thematic resolution influences our ability to understand landscape structure on biodiversity is poorly explored, particularly for pollinators. Here we asked how thematic resolution affects the explanatory power of landscape composition on explaining Euglossini bees (richness and abundance) within 15 landscapes composed mainly of coffee and pasture. To address this issue, we quantified the association between five attributes of the euglossine bee community and landscape composition: landscape cover classes (%) and landscape heterogeneity. Moreover, we also evaluated how the thematic resolution influences bee responses to landscape structure. We found a strong and positive influence of landscape heterogeneity in low thematic resolutions (i.e., few cover classes on maps) over the richness and rare species abundance. We also observed that- in addition to the forest cover in the landscape- the pasture cover (%) quantified in high thematic resolution positively influenced the total abundance and abundance of common and intermediate species. Our study highlights the importance of maintaining compositional heterogeneity for the orchid bee community in agroecosystems, and forest cover for the biological requirements and conservation of these pollinators. Moreover, the use of different thematic resolutions showed how specific types of landscape covers influence the euglossine community attributes. This can highlight the species preferences for habitats and landscape covers. Thus, we call the attention of landscape ecologists to the importance of the definition of thematic resolution, as our ability to quantify the association between biological responses and landscape structure may be influenced by the number of classes used when building thematic maps.

scholarly journals Landscape Structure Is a Major Driver of Bee Functional Diversity in Crops

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeferson G. E. Coutinho ◽  
Juliana Hipólito ◽  
Rafaela L. S. Santos ◽  
Eduardo F. Moreira ◽  
Danilo Boscolo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Landscape Heterogeneity ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Functional Composition ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Negative Effect

Land-use change is having a negative effect on pollinator communities, and these changes in community structure may have unexpected impacts on the functional composition of those communities. Such changes in functional composition may impact the capacity of these assemblages to deliver pollination services, affecting the reproduction of native and wild plants. However, elucidating those relationships requires studies in multiple spatial scales because effects and consequences are different considering biological groups and interactions. In that sense, by using a multi-trait approach, we evaluated whether the landscape structure and/or local environmental characteristics could explain the functional richness, divergence, and dispersion of bee communities in agroecosystems. In addition, we investigated to what extent this approach helps to predict effects on pollination services. This study was conducted in an agroecosystem situated in the Chapada Diamantina region, State of Bahia, Brazil. Bees were collected using two complementary techniques in 27 sample units. They were classified according to their response traits (e.g., body size, nesting location) and effect traits (e.g., means of pollen transportation, specialty in obtaining resources). The Akaike information criterion was used to select the best models created through the additive combination of landscape descriptors (landscape diversity, mean patch shape, and local vegetation structure) at the local, proximal, and broad landscape levels. Our results indicate that both landscape heterogeneity and configuration matter in explaining the three properties of bee functional diversity. We indicate that functional diversity is positively correlated with compositional and configurational heterogeneity. These results suggest that landscape and local scale management to promote functional diversity in pollinator communities may be an effective mechanism for supporting increased pollination services.

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