scholarly journals Resilience achieved via multiple compensating subsystems: The immediate impacts of COVID-19 control measures on the agri-food systems of Australia and New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 103025
Author(s):  
Val Snow ◽  
Daniel Rodriguez ◽  
Robyn Dynes ◽  
William Kaye-Blake ◽  
Thilak Mallawaarachchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Control Measures

Policies and management of overabundant deer (native or exotic) in protected areas

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 384 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Nugent ◽  
W. J. McShea ◽  
J. Parkes ◽  
S. Woodley ◽  
J. Waithaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
South American ◽  
Methodological Approaches

A workshop was convened in Chile in August 2010 as part of the 7th International Deer Biology Congress (IDBC). Its aim was to explore global differences in the policies and management of overabundant deer in protected areas. The main goal of the workshop was to provide South American researchers and managers with a snapshot of some of the approaches to management of deer overabundance used in a diverse array of case studies from North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Various case studies were presented to illustrate the different methodological approaches in implementing deer control measures. Some general recommendations were formulated.

Belled collars reduce catch of domestic cats in New Zealand by half

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. Gordon ◽  
C. Matthaei ◽  
Y. van Heezik
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Urban Wildlife ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Catch Rates ◽  
The Uk

Context. As evidence accumulates implicating domestic cats as significant predators of urban wildlife, the need for effective mitigation of potentially negative impacts becomes more pressing. Belled collars are probably one of the cheapest and least intrusive methods, although the opinion of a proportion of members of the public in New Zealand is that they are not effective. Aims. We aimed to determine whether belled collars reduced prey catch. Methods. Prey caught and brought back home by cats that were regular hunters during 6 weeks when they wore a belled collar was compared with prey caught during 6 weeks when they did not wear a collar. Key results. Predation of birds and rodents was reduced by 50% and 61%, respectively. The number of rats, lizards and insects was not significantly reduced; however, these constituted a small proportion of the total catch. Sex and age of cats, as well as time did not affect catch rates, with the exception that older cats were more likely to catch rats (Rattus spp.) than were younger cats. Most of the cats in the study were young, reflecting our selection criteria that cats be regular and frequent hunters. Conclusions. The degree to which catch of birds and rodents was reduced is similar to that reported in two experimental studies in the UK, and confirms that belled collars are effective in the New Zealand environment. Implications. In New Zealand, small mammals are introduced pests and hunters of native wildlife; predation by cats may regulate their populations in urban areas and so care should be taken when instituting cat-control measures. It is also possible that a 50% reduction in predation may be insufficient to ensure viability for some urban wildlife populations.

scholarly journals Food for People in Place: Reimagining Resilient Food Systems for Economic Recovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9369
Author(s):  
Kelly Dombroski ◽  
Gradon Diprose ◽  
Emma Sharp ◽  
Rebekah Graham ◽  
Louise Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand ◽  
Essential Services

The COVID-19 pandemic and associated response have brought food security into sharp focus for many New Zealanders. The requirement to “shelter in place” for eight weeks nationwide, with only “essential services” operating, affected all parts of the New Zealand food system. The nationwide full lockdown highlighted existing inequities and created new challenges to food access, availability, affordability, distribution, transportation, and waste management. While Aotearoa New Zealand is a food producer, there remains uncertainty surrounding the future of local food systems, particularly as the long-term effects of the pandemic emerge. In this article we draw on interviews with food rescue groups, urban farms, community organisations, supermarket management, and local and central government staff to highlight the diverse, rapid, community-based responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our findings reveal shifts at both the local scale, where existing relationships and short supply chains have been leveraged quickly, and national scale, where funding has been mobilised towards a different food strategy. We use these findings to re-imagine where and how responsibility might be taken up differently to enhance resilience and care in diverse food systems in New Zealand.

Population dynamics in echinococcosis and cysticercosis: mathematical model of the life-cycles of Taenia hydatigena and T. ovis

Parasitology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Roberts ◽  
J. R. Lawson ◽  
M. A. Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Infection Pressure ◽  
Lower Infection ◽  
Compare And Contrast

SUMMARYIt is shown that under the conditions that prevailed in New Zealand in the late 1950s, Taenia hydatigena was hyperendemic, the life-cycle being regulated by a density-dependent constraint in the form of acquired immunity, and T. ovis was rare. The control measures that caused Echinococcus granulosus, which was endemic at the time, to decline towards extinction reduced T. hydatigena and T. ovis to endemic status only. A non-linear integrodifferential equation model, which was previously linearized to describe the life-cycle of E. granulosus in dogs and sheep in New Zealand, is used to describe the life-cycles of T. hydatigena and T. ovis. The model is then used to compare and contrast the population dynamics of these three species. The model is used to demonstrate that the endemic steady state is structurally unstable, and may be asymptotically unstable to small perturbations. It is also shown that despite the lower infection pressure experienced by the intermediate host in the endemic state, the numbers of larvae in sheep may be higher than in the hyperendemic state. Finally it is shown that the partial success of the control measures against T. hydatigena may have caused an increase in the numbers and prevalence of T. ovis larvae in sheep due to the reciprocal immunity between the two species.

scholarly journals New diseases of asparagus a threat to New Zealands biosecurity

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
L-H Cheah ◽  
R.D. Davis
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
First Time

Three diseases asparagus rust Phomopsis stem blight and asparagus anthracnose were detected for the first time during 2000 on asparagus in Australia These diseases especially asparagus rust are likely to spread to other states in Australia and New Zealand They are a threat to New Zealands biosecurity Early detection of the diseases and application of control measures are essential to prevent the diseases spreading and enable eradication

scholarly journals Alternative strategies to control New Zealand flower thrips on nectarines

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.F. McLaren ◽  
J.A. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Thrips Obscuratus ◽  
Integrated Fruit Production

Experiments conducted in both spring and preharvest (summer) aimed to prevent damage to nectarines caused by New Zealand flower thrips Thrips obscuratus and to minimise quarantine problems caused by thrips on export fruit Reflective mulch and three insecticide programmes were compared with the standard taufluvalinate/chlorpyrifos programme in spring Abamectin spinosad and Pyrethrum Plus reduced spring damage but none was more effective than the existing standard At harvest time carbaryl and spinosad plus Nufilm17 reduced thrips numbers 3 days after treatment but carbaryl was the only effective insecticide after 5 days Reflective mulch reduced thrips numbers in spring and preharvest providing a nonchemical alternative for thrips control However supplementary control measures would be needed for this treatment to meet quarantine standards at harvest time Alternative spring and preharvest programmes for both Integrated Fruit Production and organic systems are suggested for nectarines but registration is necessary before some insecticides can be used on summerfruit

The uncertain search for the diffuse silver bullet: science, policy and prospects

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Cooke ◽  
R.A. Petch
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitors ◽  
Resource Managers

The overwhelming importance of diffuse sources as a determinant of receiving water quality has been recognised for over 30 years. Significant research and development on techniques for reducing inputs in the riparian zone has resulted in numerous guideline documents being produced. Yet despite this research effort, and the apparently successful transfer of key results to water resource managers, the public perception in New Zealand is that the quality of receiving waters continues to decline. In this paper we examine the veracity of that perception through examination of state-of-the-environment reporting, discussions with water resource managers, and published literature. Using a case study of Lake Taupo, New Zealand as an example, we discuss the difficulties faced by water resource managers in arresting declines in water quality. We compare the reduction in potential nutrient exports possible between ‘non-invasive’ mitigation techniques such as riparian buffer strips, constructed and natural wetlands and source control measures such as the use of nitrification inhibitors and wintering pads. Finally, we look at options available should voluntary measures or best management practices fail to deliver the nutrient reductions that are necessary to maintain lake water quality.

Trapping for early detection of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, in New Zealand

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy F. Vandervoet ◽  
David E. Bellamy ◽  
Diane Anderson ◽  
Rory MacLellan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Halyomorpha Halys ◽  
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Fruit Damage

The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) would have wide-ranging and likely devastating effects on New Zealand’s horticultural industries if it were to establish here. This insect has spread rapidly around the world, becoming pestiferous only a few years after detection; therefore, there will be limited time to develop management strategies to prevent damage if viable BMSB populations were to establish in New Zealand. Lures containing BMSB pheromone paired with 92 sticky panels were deployed near transitional facilities and other potentially high-risk entry points in the Auckland, Hawke’s Bay and Nelson regions. Traps were monitored fortnightly from November 2018 to April 2019 and all pentatomid species identified and enumerated. No BMSB were captured, but seven other pentatomid species were caught. Numbers and species varied among site, region and date. The phenology of the pentatomids captured supports reports of one to two generations occurring in pipfruitproduction regions depending on growing-degree days. The phenologies of the pentatomid species caught suggest that any control measures for prevention of fruit damage by BMSB would be limited to late summer. A number of recommendations for a BMSB monitoring programme are provided.

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