What are leaders made of? The role of individual experience in determining leader–follower relations in homing pigeons

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 703-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Flack ◽  
Benjamin Pettit ◽  
Robin Freeman ◽  
Tim Guilford ◽  
Dora Biro
Keyword(s):  
Individual Experience ◽  
Homing Pigeons

Big Data Myth

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-237
Author(s):  
Agata Mardosz-Grabowska
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Marketing Management ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Decision Making Process

Organizations are expected to act rationally; however, mythical thinking is often present among their members. It refers also to myths related to technology. New inventions and technologies are often mythologized in organizations. People do not understand how new technologies work and usually overestimate their possibilities. Also, myths are useful in dealing with ambivalent feelings, such as fears and hopes. The text focuses on the so-called “big data myth” and its impact on the decision-making process in modern marketing management. Mythical thinking related to big data in organizations has been observed both by scholars and practitioners. The aim of the chapter is to discuss the foundation of the myth, its components, and its impact on the decision-making process. Among others, a presence of a “big data myth” may be manifested by over-reliance on data, neglecting biases in the process of data analysis, and undermining the role of other factors, including intuition and individual experience of marketing professionals or qualitative data.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Wayne E. Lee ◽  
David L. Preston ◽  
David Silbey ◽  
Anthony E. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Colonial Period ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Irregular Warfare ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Two Sides

Introduces the problem of intercultural combat and how it changes the individual experience of battle. It also defines the partly overlapping categories of asymmetrical, unconventional, or irregular warfare. Intercultural warfare is a clash of mindsets as much as weapons. Intercultural combat defies expectations, and frequently presents a problem in sustaining a winning strategic narrative, since the two sides’ definitions of victory differ. This introduction sets the stage with a brief look at the colonial period and the role of Indians as “unexpected enemies.” In general Americans have always thought about war as likely to be against someone culturally similar. In reality, most American wars have been against cultural “others.”

scholarly journals Agency, futurity and representation: Conceptualising hope in recent sociological work

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 1102-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Cook ◽  
Hernán Cuervo
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Sociological Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Longitudinal Case Studies

Although humanities and social science disciplines have witnessed an explosion of interest in the topic of hope in recent decades, uptake of this concept has been comparatively uneven in sociological research. Hope has garnered substantial attention in relation to topics such as health, poverty, youth and work within creative industries, while attracting sporadic interest elsewhere. However, despite this uneven engagement, studies addressing hope in each area have echoed many of the same ambiguities. We focus on two such ambiguities: the relationship between hope and futurity, and the relationship between hope and agency. Drawing on the observation that recent treatments of hope appear to either emphasise a hoped-for outcome situated in the future or focus on the role of hope in coping with the present we reframe this debate, contending that these tendencies suggest two distinct modes of hope: representational and non-representational. By reframing the relationship between hope and futurity thus we seek to, in turn, untangle the ambiguous relationship between hope and agency. We test the utility of our conceptualisations of hope by placing them into dialogue with longitudinal case studies compiled from biennial interviews and annual surveys conducted over a 10-year period. We ultimately put forward some means by which recent sociological treatments of hope can be unified, and in so doing contend that conceptualising hope not as an individual experience, but as part of broader political economies of hope can attune us to the ways in which inequalities are manifest through uneven distributions and experiences of hope.

Nominalism: Negotiating ethnicity and Christian identity in contemporary Yunnan

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (05) ◽  
pp. 1415-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
GIDEON ELAZAR
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Christian Identity ◽  
Ethnic Culture ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Construction Of Identity ◽  
Transnational Community ◽  
Chinese State ◽  
Traditional Understanding

AbstractThis article deals with the convergence of ethnicity and faith in the context of Christian Yunnan. Contemporary Evangelical missionaries working in Yunnan encourage the preservation of ethnic markers while attempting to create a form of ‘pristine faith’: a religiosity that severely limits the role of ethnicity in the construction of identity, emphasizing instead individualism and globalism—processes that may be beneficial for the Chinese state. My discussion here revolves around the distinction made by many Evangelical Christians in China between ‘true’ faith, based on an individual experience of salvation and rebirth, and ‘nominal’ faith, a traditional understanding of religion as an identity that is acquired at birth. Thus, minority Christians whose ancestors converted en masse prior to the 1949 revolution and retain a distinctly ethnic form of religiosity are often labelled ‘nominal’ by contemporary missionaries and converts. In contrast, the latter represent a faith that stems from personal experience and belongs to a global and transnational community, transcending the narrow limits of ethnic culture.

scholarly journals COMMENDING SOLA SCRIPTURA: THE HOLY SPIRIT, THE CHURCH, AND DOCTRINE

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
DAVID B. GARNER
Keyword(s):  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Insufficient Attention ◽  
Confessing Church ◽  
The Holy Spirit ◽  
The Church

In post-Reformation dogmatics, the role of the Holy Spirit in relation to the doctrine of Scripture has often received insufficient attention. Contemporary treatments have erred in different directions, subjugating the doctrine of Scripture to communal hermeneutics or individual experience. By contrast, the magisterial Reformers offer a vital doctrine of the Holy Spirit for the doctrine of Holy Scripture in conjunction with the stewardship of that Scripture by the Spirit-birthed, confessing church. Drawing upon certain reformational insights, this paper will present a high doctrine of Scripture, in a manner that integrates the ministry of the Holy Spirit for illumination with the essential role of the Spirit within the confessing church for handling doctrine—particularly the doctrine of Scripture.

scholarly journals Psychological and pedagogical aspects of the prevention of extremism in youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V. Serdyuk ◽  
L.L. Grishenko ◽  
A.M. Stolyarenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Environment Factors ◽  
Higher Educational

The issues of projecting personality developing pedagogical systems, such as underestimating the role of students’ educational needs in educational projects and also underestimating impetuses and opportunities of social and cultural macro-environment are considered in the article. Subjective (needs and motives, aims, individual experience) and objective (demands, contradictions and risks, communicative and pragmatist opportunities of the environment) factors which influence personality development are named. The model of personality development in its interaction with educational environment – sequential changing student’s role positions, his educational needs and necessary environmental conditions – is given. On the basis of this model the variant of a questionnaire which investigates students’ educational needs, is suggested. The process of testing the questionnaire is described briefly. The results of questioning students of higher educational and further vocational educational institutions are given and analyzed. Practically significant conclusions for pedagogical projecting personality developing educational systems are made.

scholarly journals Myśl i praktyka edukacyjna niemieckich pietystów - poglądy i działalność Augusta Hermanna Frankego

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
Sylwia Würker
Keyword(s):  
Social Engagement ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Educational Methods ◽  
Individual Approach ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
The Common ◽  
Teachers Training

The article presents the opinions and pedagogical and educational activity of August Hermann Franke - a person of interesting biography and multifaceted activity. The main objective of this sketch is to demonstrate the influence of the assumptions and practice of Pietists on pedagogical concepts and pragmatic enterprises. As far as the origin and the evolution of Pietists are concerned, the author discusses the common, fundamental assumptions (internalized faith, active social engagement, missionary work aimed at improvement of social conditions) and their exemplifications in the activity of August Hermann Franke. The fundamental conceptions of Franke were based on pietistic motivation for life according to faith and individual experience in working with the youth. The article depicts the functioning of centres and schools founded by Franke, in which the founder introduced progressive teaching and educational methods, promoted an individual approach towards pupils. Also, he maintained strict discipline and a system of reprimand, reproval, threats and punishment. The sketch stresses the significance of teachers’ training for the role of educators and also indicates which assumptions and educational practices of Franke survived until modern-day times.

scholarly journals The Role of Psychic Distance In Internationalization Strategy Evaluations and Strategic Choices

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-48
Author(s):  
Stephen Horner ◽  
Daniel Baack ◽  
Donald Baack
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Individual Experience ◽  
Psychic Distance ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Marketing Literature ◽  
Internationalization Strategy

This analysis examines views of the term “psychic distance” and its application to the strategic choice process and managerial arrangements in international operations. It offers a background and conceptual framework of psychic distance, which stresses individual experience as part of the process. Individual experience is explored in terms of its components and through the use of information processing models that appear in the marketing literature. Next, applications to strategic management are made with regard to the choice to enter specific international markets, modes of entry selected, and the managerial structures that will be established.

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