scholarly journals Aircraft cost index and the future of carbon emissions from air travel

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 553-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly A. Edwards ◽  
Darron Dixon-Hardy ◽  
Zia Wadud
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
The Future

scholarly journals Environmental management control systems for carbon emissions

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Di Giacomo ◽  
James Guthrie ◽  
Federica Farneti
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Management Control ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Study Approach

Purpose This paper aims to focus on a global consulting company and examine how it struggled to establish an effective environmental management control system for carbon emissions for its employees’ air travel. The organisation was motivated to reduce its carbon emissions both to comply with regulation and to enhance or maintain corporate reputation. Design/methodology/approach The paper takes a case study approach, examining internal and external documents as well as conducting interviews with senior staff. Findings The case study investigates how Beta’s management implemented a system to reduce carbon emissions. The organisation focused on air travel, but the study finds that employee travel preferences did not radically change. Rather than reduction in carbon emissions, as planned by head office, air travel carbon emissions actually increased during the period, and, as a consequence, the reported reduction targets were significantly adjusted downwards to meet the new realities. Practical/implications The study has implications for both policy and practice for organisations seeking to improve their sustainability performance. Originality/value The study responds to calls in the literature to undertake research to identify how management practices might reduce negative sustainability impacts, as there is little evidence of what management practices and accounting tools are being adopted, particularly in relation to carbon emissions from air travel. The paper adds to the creation of new accounting, giving visibility to carbon emission management through case study analysis.

scholarly journals The impacts of climate, land use, and demography on fires during the 21st century simulated by CLM-CN

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 9709-9746 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kloster ◽  
N. M. Mahowald ◽  
J. T. Randerson ◽  
P. J. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Climate Projection ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Fire Emissions ◽  
The Future ◽  
In Fire

Abstract. Landscape fires during the 21st century are expected to change in response to multiple agents of global change. Important controlling factors include climate controls on the length and intensity of the fire season, fuel availability, and fire management, which are already anthropogenically perturbed today and are predicted to change further in the future. An improved understanding of future fires will contribute to an improved ability to project future anthropogenic climate change, as changes in fire behavior will in turn impact climate. In the present study we used a coupled-carbon-fire model to investigate how changes in climate, demography, and land use may alter fire emissions. We used climate projections following the SRES A1B scenario from two different climate models (ECHAM5/MPI-OM and CCSM) and changes in population. Land use and harvest rates were prescribed according to the RCP 45 scenario. In response to the combined effect of all these drivers, our model estimated, depending on our choice of climate projection, an increase in future (2075–2099) fire carbon emissions by 17 and 62% compared to present day (1985–2009). The largest increase in fire emissions was predicted for Southern Hemisphere South America for both climate projection. For Northern Hemisphere Africa, a region that contributed significantly to the global total fire carbon emissions, the response varied between a decrease and an increase depending on the climate projection. We disentangled the contribution of the single forcing factors to the overall response by conducting an additional set of simulations in which each factor was individually held constant at pre-industrial levels. The two different projections of future climate change evaluated in this study led to increases in global fire carbon emissions by 22% (CCSM) and 66% (ECHAM5/MPI-OM). The RCP 45 projection of harvest and land use led to a decrease in fire carbon emissions by −5%. Changes in human ignition led to an increase in 20%. When we also included changes in fire management efforts to suppress fires in densely populated areas, global fire carbon emission decreased by −6% in response to changes in population density. We concluded from this study that changes in fire emissions in the future are controlled by multiple interacting factors. Although changes in climate led to an increase in future fire emissions this could be globally counterbalanced by coupled changes in land use, harvest, and demography.

Cheap Tickets

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Hirsh
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Kuala Lumpur ◽  
Convenience Stores ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Trickle Down

The fourth chapter traces the development of budget air travel in Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand. It researches the development of low-tech interventions, e.g. airline ticketing counters located inside convenience stores and no-frills terminals built on the periphery of major hubs. This chapter looks to document how these facilities cater to travelers who lack the basic infrastructure needed to fly, such as a credit card, internet access, or even a last name. It examines two particular airports in Thailand's Bangkok and Malaysia's Kuala Lumpur, as they preform a “trickle down” process where cargo hangars and older terminals that were slated for demolition have instead been redeveloped into centers of low-cost aviation. Through a study of the future budget terminals in Kuala Lumpur and Singapore, it contrasts the populist narratives adopted by budget airlines with the reluctance of planners to adapt airports to the needs of low-cost travelers.

China’s Urbanization and Carbon Emissions Peak

2015 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550021
Author(s):  
Ying CHEN ◽  
Liyong LIU ◽  
Ying ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Impact Of Urbanization ◽  
The Impact

With the increase of urban population around the world, the massive construction of urban infrastructure and residential housing is hard to avoid. Urbanization has become a major factor that influences carbon emissions instead of a secondary factor due to more and more energy consumption and carbon emissions caused by the economic activities related to urbanization. China is in a stage of rapid development of urbanization, and urban construction has a huge potential demand for steel and iron, cement, and other high energy-consuming products, and thus the development of urbanization in the future will bring great challenge to the realization of China’s carbon emissions peak. Through the exploration and the analysis of the mechanism of urbanization’s impact on carbon emissions and the experience of urbanization development in developed countries, this paper summarizes the general evolving rules of carbon emissions peak along with the development of urbanization, defines the present stage of our country and briefly analyzes the arrival of China’s carbon emissions peak in the future. During the process of China’s new-type urbanization development in the future, we should make a scientific planning integrated with low-carbon concept from the demographic, social, economic, spatial structure, technical, and other dimensions, in order to reduce the impact of urbanization development on carbon emissions and realize the carbon emissions peak of China early.

scholarly journals SITUATION OF EUROPEAN AIRLINES CAUSED BY COVID-19: RESTRICTIONS, GOVERNMENT SUBSIDIES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS

Aviation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 232-240
Author(s):  
Javier Cifuentes-Faura ◽  
Ursula Faura-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Airline Industry ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
Air Travel ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Government Subsidies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Major Airlines ◽  
Insight Into

The COVID-19 pandemic has been an unprecedented crisis, severely affecting the economy and many sectors, including the airline industry. This paper reviews this situation to see how airlines have acted since the beginning of COVID-19. The airline industry is dependent on financial support and subsidies to cope with the massive drop in air travel due to the coronavirus. The support received by the major airlines has been examined. In addition, a comparison has been made of all the aviation restrictions that have been implemented by different European governments. Travellers from countries with a higher incidence of cases, or with a growing rate of cases, have the most restrictions on travel to other countries. Furthermore, the strategies and protocols being implemented by certain airlines following the lifting of some of the restrictions on passenger air traffic are analysed. This paper will provide an insight into how airlines are coping with this unfavourable environment, as well as some of the future prospects and strategies of the aviation sector.

scholarly journals Biofuels of the future: Introduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-6
Author(s):  
Duncan Eggar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Liquid Transport ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
The Future ◽  
Alternative Sources

As oil reserves deplete and the consequences of several generations' worth of carbon emissions are beginning to be experienced, attention is increasingly turning to alternative sources of energy – not least those that may substitute for petrol and diesel as liquid transport fuels. There is already precedent for the use of ethanol as a fuel for road vehicles, but to produce alcohol-based fuels that are sustainable, affordable and do not displace food production is not a trivial matter. As a discipline, biochemistry has a lot to offer in the development of biofuels along every step of the pipeline.

Fixed link crossings: a global perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Collings ◽  
Paul Mullins
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Statistical Information ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Construction Time ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Project Costs ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Uk

<p>This paper benchmarks the challenges involved with major sea, or fixed link, crossings from their planning to final construction. Initially it gives an overview of existing major crossings globally, including statistical information such as length and inflation adjusted project costs. Well known links such as the UK Channel Tunnel and the more recent Hong Kong Zhuhai Macau crossing have been included in the data. The paper considers the construction methods required to surmount the challenges of bridging or tunnelling such crossings. The paper presents statistics on the construction time period for these crossings and considers links between construction time and cost. Finally, the paper looks to the future: How the data can be used to better bound estimates of time and costs for fixed link projects. The paper also considers other potentially important future benchmarking data such as carbon emissions.</p>

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