Development of integrated demand and supply side management strategy of multi-energy system for residential building application

2019 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 570-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.J. Luo ◽  
K.F. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategy ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand And Supply

scholarly journals Characteristics Analysis of the Heat-to-Power Ratio from the Supply and Demand Sides of Cities in Northern China

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunyong Yin ◽  
Jianjun Xia ◽  
Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Power Ratio ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Heating Method ◽  
Urban Energy

Combined heat and power (CHP), an efficient heating method with cascades use of energy, accounts for approximately 50% of the heat sources in northern China. Many researchers have made significant efforts to improve its energy efficiency and environmental effects with important achievements. Given that the system produces heat and electricity at the same time, this study focuses on the role of CHP in the holistic urban energy system and points out the mismatch between the demand and supply sides of urban energy systems by using the heat-to-power ratio as a parameter. The calculation method and characteristics of the supply side heat-to-power ratio of eight heating methods and the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio for 19 cities in northern China are displayed. After the analysis, it is concluded that (1) the maximum demand side heat-to-power ratio in the cities varies from 1.0 to 5.9, which is affected by the location and social, economic, and industrial structures. (2) In most of the cities, with the current energy structure, the demand side heat-to-power ratios are always larger than the supply side heat-to-power ratios. (3) The reduction in heating demand, surplus heat recovery, and the use of a highly efficient electric heating method, such as the heat pump, can help solve the mismatch of the heat-to-power ratio between the demand and supply sides. These conclusions can guide the urban energy planning and system construction.

scholarly journals Synergies of combining demand- and supply-side measures to manage congested streets

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 172-179
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Itani ◽  
Michael J. Cassidy ◽  
Carlos Daganzo
Keyword(s):  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand And Supply

scholarly journals Determinants of Exports of Pakistan: A Country-wise Disaggregated Analysis.

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4II) ◽  
pp. 715-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseeb Zada ◽  
Malik Muhammad ◽  
Khan Bahadar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Empirical Bayesian ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Price And Income Elasticities ◽  
Trade Partners

Given the importance of international trade and export performance in economic growth, this study attempts to examine the determinants of exports of Pakistan, using a time series data over the period 1975-2008. A simultaneous equation approach is followed and the demand and supply side equations are specified with appropriate variables. This is a country-wise disaggregated analysis of Pakistan versus its trade partners and the estimation strategy is based on two approaches. First we employ the Generalised Methods of Moments (GMM), which is followed by the Empirical Bayesian technique to get consistent estimates. The GMM technique is believed to be efficient for time series data provided the sample size is sufficiently large. In case of small samples, the estimates might not be precise and might appear with unbelievable sign and insignificant magnitudes. To avoid the sample bias and other problems, we employ the Empirical Bayesian technique which provides much precise estimates. The factual results obtained via the GMM technique are a little bit mixed, although most of the coefficients are found to be statistically significant and carry their expected signs. In order to compare and validate these results, the Empirical Bayesian technique is employed. This offers considerable improvement over the previous results and all the variables are found to be highly significant with correct sign across the countries concerned with the exception of a few cases. The price and income elasticities in both the demand and supply side equations carry their expected signs and significant magnitudes for the trading partners. The findings suggest that exports of Pakistan are much sensitive to changes in the world demand and world prices. This establishes the importance of demand side factors like world GDP, Real exchange rate, and world prices to determine the exports of Pakistan. On the supply side, we find relatively small price and income elasiticities. The results reveal that demand for exports is relatively higher for countries in NAFTA, European Union and Middle East regions. The study recommends particular concentration on the trade partners in these regions to improve the export performance of Pakistan. Keywords: Exports, GMM, Empirical Bayesian Method, Pakistan

Development of a dynamic European residential building stock typology for energy system analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Kleinebrahm ◽  
Elias Naber ◽  
Jann Weinand ◽  
Russell McKenna ◽  
Armin Ardone
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
European Level ◽  
Residential Energy ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Energy System Analysis ◽  
Framework Conditions

<p>In recent years, different approaches have been developed with the aim of defining representative buildings that can be used as a basis for residential building energy system analyses. Due to the coupling of different sectors at the household level, the analysis of future residential energy systems is becoming increasingly complex. On the European level a large amount of data has been published over the last years. This study combines multiple different data sets relevant for energy system analysis at the building level and presents a dynamic methodology for the derivation of representative building/household combinations, which can be used as a basis for residential energy system analyses on a European level. The approach enables representative buildings to be generated dynamically taking into account the parameters relevant to the respective research question. In a first step, various data sets are combined to describe local building properties, weather conditions, economic and ecological framework conditions as well as socio-demographic parameters on NUTS3 level. Based on the developed database, a two-step procedure for the derivation of building household combinations is presented. In the first step, a synthetic European population is generated by using iterative proportional fitting. In the second step different cluster approaches are compared for the derivation of case specific archetype buildings. Finally, the developed methodology is used in an exemplary way for the analysis of the potential of energy self-sufficient single-family buildings in the future European building stock by using a mixed integer linear programming optimization model for the optimal energy system design and dispatch of residential buildings, taking into account relevant framework conditions such as weather conditions, regulatory framework conditions and site-specific building properties.</p>

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