Performance optimization of server water cooling system based on minimum energy consumption analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 117620
Author(s):  
Wei He ◽  
Su Ding ◽  
Jifang Zhang ◽  
Chenchen Pei ◽  
Zhiheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Water Cooling System

scholarly journals Modeling and optimization of a chilled-water cooling system with multiple chillers

2020 ◽  
pp. 328-328
Author(s):  
Jiamin Du ◽  
Shuhong Li ◽  
Xinmei Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Parallel Operation ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Modeling And Optimization ◽  
Chilled Water ◽  
Water Cooling System

In order to reduce energy consumption of the centralized chilled-water cooling system in large buildings, a dynamic control strategy was proposed for cooling plants by modeling and optimization. Combined with the chilled water flow model, this paper analyzed the parallel operation characteristics of the chillers and takes the load distribution as one of the control parameters. Based on the measured data of a typical cooling system that has undergone preliminary energy-saving transformation, the residual neural network (ResNet) is applied to model the relationship among energy consumption, controllable parameters and environmental parameters, and the ResNet outperforms multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and support vector regression (SVR). To minimize the total energy consumption, the gray wolf optimizer (GWO) was introduced to optimize the controllable variables of the cooling system. Compared with the energy consumption before optimization, the simulation energy consumption after optimization decreased 10.45% on average, while the energy saving rate is only 7.9% with equal chilled water supply temperature of parallel chillers.

Characterization of an Isolated Hybrid Cooled Server With Failure Scenarios Using Warm Water Cooling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uschas Chowdhury ◽  
Manasa Sahini ◽  
Ashwin Siddarth ◽  
Dereje Agonafer ◽  
Steve Branton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Centers ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Cooling Efficiency ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

Modern day data centers are operated at high power for increased power density, maintenance, and cooling which covers almost 2 percent (70 billion kilowatt-hours) of the total energy consumption in the US. IT components and cooling system occupy the major portion of this energy consumption. Although data centers are designed to perform efficiently, cooling the high-density components is still a challenge. So, alternative methods to improve the cooling efficiency has become the drive to reduce the cooling cost. As liquid cooling is more efficient for high specific heat capacity, density, and thermal conductivity, hybrid cooling can offer the advantage of liquid cooling of high heat generating components in the traditional air-cooled servers. In this experiment, a 1U server is equipped with cold plate to cool the CPUs while the rest of the components are cooled by fans. In this study, predictive fan and pump failure analysis are performed which also helps to explore the options for redundancy and to reduce the cooling cost by improving cooling efficiency. Redundancy requires the knowledge of planned and unplanned system failures. As the main heat generating components are cooled by liquid, warm water cooling can be employed to observe the effects of raised inlet conditions in a hybrid cooled server with failure scenarios. The ASHRAE guidance class W4 for liquid cooling is chosen for our experiment to operate in a range from 25°C – 45°C. The experiments are conducted separately for the pump and fan failure scenarios. Computational load of idle, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 98% are applied while powering only one pump and the miniature dry cooler fans are controlled externally to maintain constant inlet temperature of the coolant. As the rest of components such as DIMMs & PCH are cooled by air, maximum utilization for memory is applied while reducing the number fans in each case for fan failure scenario. The components temperatures and power consumption are recorded in each case for performance analysis.

scholarly journals Optimization of Energy-Efficient Speed Profile for Electrified Vehicles

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Abbas ◽  
Youngki Kim ◽  
Jason B. Siegel ◽  
Denise M. Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
System A ◽  
Trip Time ◽  
Route Information

This paper presents a study of energy-efficient operation of vehicles with electrified powertrains leveraging route information, such as road grades, to adjust the speed trajectory. First, Pontryagin’s Maximum Principle (PMP) is applied to derive necessary conditions and to determine the possible operating modes. The analysis shows that only 5 modes are required to achieve minimum energy consumption; full propulsion, cruising, coasting, full regeneration, and full regeneration with conventional braking. The minimum energy consumption problem is reformulated and solved in the distance domain using Dynamic Programming to optimize speed profiles. A case study is shown for a light weight military robot including road grades. For this system, a tradeoff between energy consumption and trip time was found. The optimal cycle uses 20% less energy for the same trip duration, or could reduce the travel time by 14% with the same energy consumption compared to the baseline operation.

Energy Consumption Analysis of Level Circulating Cooling System in Sanhejian Deep Coal Mine

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 516-519
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Dong Ming Guo ◽  
Li Meng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Deep Mining ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Deep Coal Mine ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Process System ◽  
Technical Issues

With the deep mining in coal mine, heat damage is one of the technical issues need to be solved. HEMS cooling system in Sanhejian Coal Mine is a process system for high-temperature heat damage controlling in deep coal mine, in which cool energy extracted to reduce work face’s ambient temperature to achieve heat damage controlling. Part of the cool energy is from the level circulating of cooling water in -700 level main raodway, the other is from the mine water. We analyze the energy consumption of every subsystem during operation of the HEMS system, which could provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance on more efficiently running of cooling system deep in the future.

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