Flash sintering of complex shapes

An unambiguous analysis of transmission electron diffraction effects requires two samplings of the reciprocal lattice (RL). However, extracting definitive information from the patterns is difficult even for a general orthorhombic case. The usual procedure has been to deduce the approximate variables controlling the formation of the patterns from qualitative observations. Our present purpose is to illustrate two applications of a computer programme written for the analysis of transmission, selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns; the studies of RL spot shapes and epitaxy.When a specimen contains fine structure the RL spots become complex shapes with extensions in one or more directions. If the number and directions of these extensions can be estimated from an SAD pattern the exact spot shape can be determined by a series of refinements of the computer input data.

Download Full-text

The crystallization of thin-film ceramics

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100122095 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 338-339

Author(s):

J.M. Schwartz ◽

L.F. Francis ◽

L.D. Schmidt ◽

P.S. Schabes-Retchkiman

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Grain Size ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Processing Route ◽

Small Areas ◽

Ceramic Thin Films ◽

Complex Shapes ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Ceramic Precursors ◽

Crystalline Ceramic

Ceramic thin films and coatings are of interest for electrical, optical, magnetic and thermal barrier applications. Critical for improved properties in thin films is the development of specific microstructures during processing. To this end, the sol-gel method is advantageous as a versatile processing route. The sol-gel process involves depositing a solution containing metalorganic or colloidal ceramic precursors onto a substrate and heating the deposited layer to form a crystalline or non-crystalline ceramic coating. This route has several advantages, including the ability to create tailored microstructures and properties, to coat large or small areas, simple or complex shapes, and to more easily prepare multicomponent ceramics. Sol-gel derived coatings are amorphous in the as-deposited state and develop their crystalline structure and microstructure during heat-treatment. We are particularly interested in studying the amorphous to crystalline transformation, because many key features of the microstructure such as grain size and grain size distribution may be linked to this transformation.

Download Full-text

BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ni0094 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

High Temperature ◽

Nickel Alloy ◽

High Strength ◽

Heat Treating ◽

Electronic Components ◽

High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Solution Treated ◽

Complex Shapes

Abstract BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440 is an age-hardenable nickel-beryllium-titanium alloy that offers high strength, excellent spring properties outstanding formability, good high-temperature mechanical properties, and resistance to corrosion and fatigue. Complex shapes can be produced in the solution-treated (soft) condition and then aged to a minimum tensile strength of 215,500 psi. It is used for mechanical and electrical/electronic components in the temperature range -320 to 800 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-94. Producer or source: Kawecki Berylco Industries Inc.. Originally published September 1964, revised September 1975.

Download Full-text

AK STEEL 409 ULTRA FORM

Alloy Digest ◽

10.31399/asm.ad.ss0990 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 56 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

High Temperature ◽

Carbon Steel ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Tensile Properties ◽

Corrosion Protection ◽

Automotive Exhaust ◽

Standard Type ◽

Temperature Performance ◽

Complex Shapes

Abstract AK Steel 409 Ultra Form was created for applications needing oxidation or corrosion protection beyond the capability of carbon steel and some coated steels. AK Steel 409 Ultra Form is more formable than standard Type 409 stainless steel and is particularly suitable for parts requiring more complex shapes and improved weldability. Examples of applications include automotive exhaust tubing and stampings. This datasheet provides information on physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as deformation. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming and joining. Filing Code: SS-990. Producer or source: AK Steel, Butler Operations.

Download Full-text

Dense Na 0.5K 0.5NbO 3 Ceramics Produced by Reactive Flash Sintering of NaNbO 3-KNbO 3 Mixed Powders

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3421342 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Yajuan Wu ◽

Xinghua Su ◽

Gai An ◽

Weixin Hong

Keyword(s):

Flash Sintering

Download Full-text

Effects of Flash Sintering Parameters on Performance of Ceramic Insulator

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14041157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1157

Author(s):

Yong Liu ◽

Xingwang Huang

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Electric Field ◽

Field Intensity ◽

Current Density ◽

Electric Field Intensity ◽

Unit Cell ◽

Uniform Structure ◽

Ceramic Insulator ◽

Flash Sintering ◽

Ceramic Insulators

Ceramic outdoor insulators play an important role in electrical insulation and mechanical support because of good chemical and thermal stability, which have been widely used in power systems. However, the brittleness and surface discharge of ceramic material greatly limit the application of ceramic insulators. From the perspective of sintering technology, flash sintering technology is used to improve the performance of ceramic insulators. In this paper, the simulation model of producing the ceramic insulator by the flash sintering technology was set up. Material Studio was used to study the influence of electric field intensity and temperature on the alumina unit cell. COMSOL was used to study the influence of electric field intensity and current density on sintering speed, density and grain size. Obtained results showed that under high temperature and high voltage, the volume of the unit cell becomes smaller and the atoms are arranged more closely. The increase of current density can result in higher ceramic density and larger grain size. With the electric field intensity increasing, incubation time shows a decreasing tendency and energy consumption is reduced. Ceramic insulators with a higher uniform structure and a smaller grain size can show better dielectric performance and higher flashover voltage.

Download Full-text