Why nurses stay: Analysis of the registered nurse workforce and the relationship to work environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 151316
Author(s):  
Anita C. Reinhardt ◽  
Teresa G. León ◽  
Anup Amatya
Keyword(s):  
Registered Nurse ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Nurse Workforce ◽  
The Relationship

WOMEN'S WORK AND FERTILITY IN A SUB-SAHARAN URBAN SETTING: A SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT APPROACH

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICTOR AGADJANIAN
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
Women's Work ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Urban Setting ◽  
Multivariate Tests ◽  
Modern Contraception ◽  
Women’S Work ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

Data from three separate studies conducted in Maputo, Mozambique, in 1993 are used to analyse the relationship between the type of social environment in which women work and their fertility and contraceptive use. The analysis finds that women who work in more collectivized environments have fewer children and are more likely to use modern contraception than women who work in more individualized milieus and those who do not work outside the home. Most of these differences persist in multivariate tests. It is argued that collectivized work environments are most conducive to diffusion and legitimation of reproductive innovations. In contrast, individualized environments tend to isolate women and therefore may retard their acceptance of innovative fertility-related behaviour.

Locus of Control as a Predictor of Users' Attitude toward Computers

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1167-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael David Coovert ◽  
Melvin Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Expectancy Theory ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Favorable Attitude ◽  
Attitudes Toward Computers ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
The Relationship

With the increasing influx of computers in industry modifying jobs and work environments, it is necessary to understand how workers may be reacting to computers. Locus of control, within the framework of valence-instrumentality-expectancy theory, is seen as an efficient predictor of workers' motivation and job satisfaction. Two experiments are described in which the relationship between locus of control and attitude toward computers is explored. Exp. 1 (68 subjects) demonstrates a relationship between locus of control and attitudes toward computers. Internal scorers had a more positive (favorable) attitude toward computers than external persons. Exp. 2 (65 subjects) attempts to clarify the possible dimensions on which externals may be viewing the computer more negatively (unfavorably) by utilizing a locus of control scale developed by Levenson (1973).

scholarly journals Employee stress and the implication of high-power distance culture: empirical evidence from Nigeria's employment terrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1381-1400
Author(s):  
Emeka Smart Oruh ◽  
Chianu Dibia
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Overload ◽  
Work Related ◽  
High Power Distance ◽  
Employee Stress ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis paper explores the link between employee stress and the high-power distance (HPD) culture in Nigeria. The study context is the banking and manufacturing sectors in Nigeria, which have a history of exploitation, unconducive work environments to productivity, work-life imbalance, work overload, burnout and employee stress.Design/methodology/approachUsing a qualitative, interpretive methodology, this article adopts a thematic analysis of data drawn from semi-structured interviews with 24 managerial and non-managerial workers to explore the process by which Nigerian manufacturing and banking sectors' work (mal)practices go unchallenged, thereby triggering and exacerbating employees' stress levels.FindingsThe study found that the high power distance culture promotes a servant-master relationship type, making it impossible for employees to challenge employers on issues relating to stressors such as work overload, unconducive work environments, work-life imbalance and burnout, thereby exacerbating their stress levels in a country in which stress has become a way of life.Research limitations/implicationsResearch on the relationship between employee stress and HPD culture is relatively underdeveloped. This article sheds light on issues associated with stressors in Nigeria's human resource management (HRM) and employment relations practices. The link between the inability of employees to challenge these stressors (which are consequences of an HPD culture) and increased employee stress has substantial implications for employment and work-related policies and practices in general. The study is constrained by the limited sample size, which inhibits the generalisation of its findings.Originality/valueThe article adds to the scarcity of studies underscoring the relationship between high-power distance and the inability of employees to challenge work-related stressors as a predictor of employee stress and a mediator between workplace practices and employee stress, particularly in the emerging economies.

Study of the Relationship Between Hearing Loss and Cognitive Performance at Chronic Exposure to Noise

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Alimohammadi ◽  
Fakhradin Ahmadi Kanrash ◽  
Shahram Vosoughi ◽  
Jamileh Abolaghasemi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Chalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Sound Intensity ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
P Value ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Noise is considered as one of the most significant and dangerous physical factors in work environments, and due to the advancement of industries, it has become a threat to physical and psychological health in the current era. In addition to its undesirable effects on the hearing system, noise can have harmful non-auditory effects that may cause physiological disorders and cognitive impairment. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hearing loss and workers’ cognitive performance in an industrial environment. Methods: A total of 300 individuals were enrolled in this study after their informed consent was obtained, and their compliance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria was confirmed. Based on the sound intensity level, the individuals were classified into two groups of exposure to > 85 dB (n = 196) and ≤ 85 dB (n = 104). To measure the individuals’ occupational exposure at an 8-hour equivalent level based on the ISO 9612: 2009 standard, the Testo device (Model CEL-815) was used with the precision of 0.5 dB. The most common weighting that is used in noise measurement is A-weighting. Like the human ear, this effectively cuts off the lower and higher frequencies that the average person cannot hear. The DANPLEX-AS54 device was also used to check audiometry. To investigate the workers’ hearing performance, two psychological tests, namely Stroop and TOL, were used as well. Results: Hearing loss was higher among workers exposed to a sound intensity level of > 85 dB than those exposed to a sound intensity level of ≤ 85 dB, and this difference was significant in all sound level frequencies (NIHL left ear: for ≤ 85 dB: 25.92 and for > 85 dB: 27.49) (NIHL right ear: for ≤ 85 dB: 27.62 and for > 85 dB: 29.50) (P value < 0.05). The results showed a significant positive relationship between cognitive indicators and hearing loss (P value < 0.05). Moreover, the study of cognitive indicators in the two groups revealed that the mean change of cognitive performance indicators was higher among subjects exposed to a higher sound intensity level (P value < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that noise-induced hearing loss in work environments had a significant positive relationship with cognitive indicators. In other words, an increase in the hearing loss level would result in changes in cognitive indicators such as number of errors and response time.

scholarly journals Planning for sedentary behaviour interventions: office workers’ survey and focus group responses

2017 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teneale McGuckin ◽  
Rebecca Sealey ◽  
Fiona Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Office Workers ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioural Strategies

Aims: As sedentary behaviour is becoming more prominent in office-based work environments, this study aimed to explore office workers’ perceptions of sedentary behaviour, explore potential behavioural strategies to reduce sedentary behaviour in the workplace and identify barriers which may hamper behaviour change. Methods: A total of 140 office workers were recruited and surveyed from the same workplace. The survey included questions regarding perceptions of the relationship between sitting time and health. Following the survey, 12 employees also participated in focus groups to identify potential sedentary behaviour intervention strategies and barriers. The responses from the survey and focus groups were thematically analysed. Results: In total, 88% of all participants surveyed agreed that there was a relationship between sitting time and their health. The most prominent theme identified was musculoskeletal complaints followed by general health and weight gain or obesity. The focus groups identified that interventions targeting reducing sitting time should include education, supportive and knowledgeable managers, and a variety of behaviour change strategies to address individual preferences and barriers. Conclusion: Multiple behavioural strategies were identified, which appear to be appropriate for sedentary behaviour change.

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