Eating rate in relation to ad libitum food intake of different food products

Appetite ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirre Viskaal van Dongen ◽  
Sanne van den Akker ◽  
Kees de Graaf
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Ad Libitum

Influence of meal texture on eating rate and food intake. Results from three ad-libitum trials

Appetite ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 474 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.G. Forde ◽  
D. Bolhuis ◽  
T. Thaler ◽  
C. De Graaf ◽  
N. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Ad Libitum

scholarly journals Effects of Apple Form on Energy Intake During a Mid-Afternoon Snack: A Preload Paradigm Study in School-Aged Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Schwartz ◽  
Ophélie Person ◽  
Emilie Szleper ◽  
Sophie Nicklaus ◽  
Carole Tournier
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Cottage Cheese ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Oral Processing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Eating Fast

Consuming foods with a form or a texture that requires longer oral processing is a way to decrease food intake. Although this approach is promising for leveraging healthier eating patterns in adults, it has never been explored in children. This study evaluated whether starting a mid-afternoon snack by eating either apple segments or applesauce would modify hunger and subsequent food intake during this meal. Forty-four children (8–10 years old) participated in two videotaped mid-afternoon snacks, during which they received one of the two forms of apple as a food preload followed 10 min later by ad libitum consumption of sweetened cottage cheese. They self-reported their level of hunger throughout consumption, and the weight of cottage cheese consumed was determined at the end of the snack. Children's chewing capabilities and eating traits were parent-reported. Eating a raw apple increased oral exposure time and decreased bite size compared to eating applesauce. However, neither the reported hunger nor consecutive food intake were modified. Regardless of the meal, children eating fast had a higher ad libitum energy intake. The individual eating rate for the cottage cheese was correlated with the eating rate observed for applesauce but not for apple segments, the latter being associated with children's chewing difficulties. This study suggests that the form of a fruit offered at the start of a mid-afternoon snack does not impact food intake; the findings clearly call for more exploration of satiation mechanisms related to food texture properties among children and indicate the need to consider children's oral processing skills.

scholarly journals Eating with a smaller spoon decreases bite size, eating rate and ad libitum food intake in healthy young males

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 830-837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis J. James ◽  
Tyler Maher ◽  
Jack Biddle ◽  
David R. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Bite Size ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Desire To Eat

AbstractThere is a paucity of data examining the effect of cutlery size on the microstructure of within-meal eating behaviour or food intake. Therefore, the present studies examined how manipulation of spoon size influenced these eating behaviour measures in lean young men. In study one, subjects ate a semi-solid porridge breakfast ad libitum, until satiation. In study two, subjects ate a standardised amount of porridge, with mean bite size and mean eating rate covertly measured by observation through a one-way mirror. Both studies involved subjects completing a familiarisation visit and two experimental visits, where they ate with a teaspoon (SMALL) or dessert spoon (LARGE), in randomised order. Subjective appetite measures (hunger, fullness, desire to eat and satisfaction) were made before and after meals. In study one, subjects ate 8 % less food when they ate with the SMALL spoon (SMALL 532 (SD 189) g; LARGE 575 (SD 227) g; P=0·006). In study two, mean bite size (SMALL 10·5 (SD 1·3) g; LARGE 13·7 (SD 2·6) g; P<0·001) and eating rate (SMALL 92 (SD 25) g/min; LARGE 108 (SD 29) g/min; P<0·001) were reduced in the SMALL condition. There were no condition or interaction effects for subjective appetite measures. These results suggest that eating with a small spoon decreases ad libitum food intake, possibly via a cascade of effects on within-meal eating microstructure. A small spoon might be a practical strategy for decreasing bite size and eating rate, likely increasing oral processing, and subsequently decreasing food intake, at least in lean young men.

Liquid foods result in higher ad libitum food intake than semi-solid foods because of a higher eating rate

Appetite ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 50 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zijlstra ◽  
M. Mars ◽  
R.A. De Wijk ◽  
M.S. Westerterp-plantenga ◽  
C. De Graaf
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Solid Foods ◽  
Liquid Foods ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Semi Solid

Food intake, eating rate, weight gains, metabolic rate and efficiency of feed utilization in Bos taurus and Bos indicus crossbred cattle

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Frisch ◽  
J. E. Vercoe
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

SUMMARYFood intake, eating rate, weight change and fasting metabolic rate were measured on 12 animals of each of the following breed-types: Hereford × Shorthorn (HS), Brahman × HS (BX) and Africander × HS (AX). Measurements were made on ad libitum and fixed levels of lucerne and ad libitum and fixed levels of low-quality tropical pasture hay (approx. 1·2% N) during feeding periods of about 100 days' duration.The BX and AX were heavier and either gained more weight or lost less weight than the HS on all diets. At feeding levels close to maintenance, which included the ad libitum pasture hay diet, adjustment for differences in either live weight or intake did not alter the unadjusted ranking of the breeds. On ad libitum lucerne, however, adjustment for either weight or intake showed higher gain in the HS than in the BX. The voluntary food intake per kg live weight was consistently and significantly highest for the HS and lowest for the BX. Rates of eating were not significantly different for the different breed-types but they were higher for high-quality lucerne and for the lower level of feeding. Fasting metabolic rate per kg live weight was highest for the HS and lowest for the BX; the difference between the breeds varied with the previous dietary treatment. The ratio of voluntary food intake to fasting metabolism was practically constant between breeds and animals within breeds, though different between diets.Correlations for animals within breeds and years between the various parameters within diets and between diets are presented.

Corrigendum – Liveweight gain, food intake, and eating rate in Brahman, Africander, and Shorthorn X Hereford cattle

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
JE Frisch ◽  
JE Vercoe
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

Food intake, liveweight gain, and eating rate were measured over 3 years on nine Brahman, nine Africander, and nine Shorthorn x Hereford male cattle offered lucerne hay ad libitum for 53–76 days. When intakes were adjusted for differences in liveweight, the Brahmans ate significantly less feed than the Africanders and Shorthorn x Herefords. Gain was correlated with intake but not with liveweight. When gains were adjusted for differences in intakes the Brahmans gained significantly more than Africanders or Shorthorn x Herefords. The greater gain of the Brahmans is apparently related to a lower maintenance requirement. The eating rate of animals was highly repeatable, and significantly correlated withvoluntary food intake (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) and liveweight gain (r = 0.63, P < 0.01)

Liveweight gain, food intake, and eating rate in Brahman, Africander, and Shorthorn X Hereford cattle

1969 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1189
Author(s):  
JE Frisch ◽  
JE Vercoe
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Rate ◽  
Maintenance Requirement ◽  
Hereford Cattle ◽  
Ad Libitum

Food intake, liveweight gain, and eating rate were measured over 3 years on nine Brahman, nine Africander, and nine Shorthorn x Hereford male cattle offered lucerne hay ad libitum for 53–76 days. When intakes were adjusted for differences in liveweight, the Brahmans ate significantly less feed than the Africanders and Shorthorn x Herefords. Gain was correlated with intake but not with liveweight. When gains were adjusted for differences in intakes the Brahmans gained significantly more than Africanders or Shorthorn x Herefords. The greater gain of the Brahmans is apparently related to a lower maintenance requirement. The eating rate of animals was highly repeatable, and significantly correlated withvoluntary food intake (r = 0.61, P < 0.01) and liveweight gain (r = 0.63, P < 0.01)

ACCELERATION OF ANNUAL HIBERNATING CYCLE TO 6 WEEKS IN CAPTIVE DORMICE

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 903-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mrosovsky
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Body Temperatures ◽  
Glis Glis ◽  
Ad Libitum

Cycles of food intake and body weight lasting a few weeks occurred in dormice, Glis glis, kept in the laboratory in relatively constant conditions of temperature (about 25 °C) and photoperiod (about 12 hours light–dark schedule). These fluctuations appeared to be more marked in the winter months. Periods of reduced eating were associated with low body temperatures and lethargy. The frequent disturbance and arousal of the animals was probably an important factor in these short hibernating cycles. The influence of variation of the diet on body weight of dormice is described. Animals kept on ad libitum supplies of sunflower seed became obese and remained so for many months.

scholarly journals Neuropeptide Y1 and Y5 Receptors Mediate the Effects of Neuropeptide Y on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis

Endocrinology ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 143 (12) ◽  
pp. 4513-4519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csaba Fekete ◽  
Sumit Sarkar ◽  
William M. Rand ◽  
John W. Harney ◽  
Charles H. Emerson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Pituitary Thyroid Axis ◽  
Thyroid Axis ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels ◽  
Hpt Axis

Abstract Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most important hypothalamic-derived neuropeptides mediating the effects of leptin on energy homeostasis. Central administration of NPY not only markedly stimulates food intake, but simultaneously inhibits the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT axis), replicating the central hypothyroid state associated with fasting. To identify the specific NPY receptor subtypes involved in the action of NPY on the HPT axis, we studied the effects of the highly selective Y1 ([Phe7,Pro34]pNPY) and Y5 ([chicken pancreatic polypeptide1–7, NPY19–23, Ala31, Aib32 (aminoisobutyric acid), Q34]human pancreatic polypeptide) receptor agonists on circulating thyroid hormone levels and proTRH mRNA in hypophysiotropic neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. The peptides were administered continuously by osmotic minipump into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) over 3 d in ad libitum-fed animals and animals pair-fed to artificial CSF (aCSF)-infused controls. Both Y1 and Y5 receptor agonists nearly doubled food intake compared with that of control animals receiving aCSF, similar to the effect observed for NPY. NPY, Y1, and Y5 receptor agonist administration suppressed circulating levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulted in inappropriately normal or low TSH levels. These alterations were also associated with significant suppression of proTRH mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus, particularly in the Y1 receptor agonist-infused group [aCSF, NPY, Y1, and Y5 (density units ± sem), 97.2 ± 8.6, 39.6 ± 8.4, 19.9 ± 1.9, and 44.6 ± 8.4]. No significant differences in thyroid hormone levels, TSH, or proTRH mRNA were observed between the agonist-infused FSanimals eating ad libitum and the agonist-infused animals pair-fed with vehicle-treated controls. These data confirm the importance of both Y1 and Y5 receptors in the NPY-mediated increase in food consumption and demonstrate that both Y1 and Y5 receptors can mediate the inhibitory effects of NPY on the HPT axis.

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