Development of ingestive behaviour and the relationship to belly nosing in early-weaned piglets

2008 ◽  
Vol 110 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina M. Widowski ◽  
Stephanie Torrey ◽  
Clover J. Bench ◽  
Harold W. Gonyou
Keyword(s):  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Belly Nosing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ingestive Behaviour

scholarly journals Comparison of Productivity and Fecal Microbiotas of Sows in Commercial Farms

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1469
Author(s):  
Haruka Uryu ◽  
Takamitsu Tsukahara ◽  
Hiromichi Ishikawa ◽  
Munetaka Oi ◽  
Satoshi Otake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Fatty Acid ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
16S Rrna Metagenomics ◽  
The Relationship

Sow productivity, that is, the number of weaned piglets per sow per year, depends on their health status. The gut microbiota is considered a crucial factor in the health of pigs and may affect sow productivity. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between productivity and the fecal microbiotas of sows in different farms. Feces of sows were collected from 18 farms (10 samples/farm). A total of 90 fecal samples of high-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group H, and 90 fecal samples from low-reproductive performance farms were labeled as group L. Fecal microbiotas were analyzed by 16S rRNA metagenomics, and the organic acids and putrefactive metabolites of the microbiotas were measured. β-diversity was significantly different between groups H and L (p < 0.01), and the relative abundances of 43 bacterial genera, including short-chain fatty acid-producing and fiber-degrading bacteria such as Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter and Butyricicoccus, significantly differed between groups (p < 0.05). In addition, the concentrations of acetate, propionate and n-butyrate were significantly higher in group H than in group L (p < 0.05). In conclusion, sow productivity in farms was likely associated with the compositions of the fecal microbiotas.

scholarly journals Selection of Fecal Enterococci ExhibitingtcrB-Mediated Copper Resistance in Pigs Fed Diets Supplemented with Copper

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (16) ◽  
pp. 5597-5603 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Amachawadi ◽  
N. W. Shelton ◽  
X. Shi ◽  
J. Vinasco ◽  
S. S. Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Copper Resistance ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
S1 Nuclease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Copper Supplementation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Swine Diets ◽  
Ppm Level ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTCopper, as copper sulfate, is increasingly used as an alternative to in-feed antibiotics for growth promotion in weaned piglets. Acquired copper resistance, conferred by a plasmid-borne, transferable copper resistance (tcrB) gene, has been reported inEnterococcus faeciumandE. faecalis. A longitudinal field study was undertaken to determine the relationship between copper supplementation and the prevalence oftcrB-positive enterococci in piglets. The study was done with weaned piglets, housed in 10 pens with 6 piglets per pen, fed diets supplemented with a normal (16.5 ppm; control) or an elevated (125 ppm) level of copper. Fecal samples were randomly collected from three piglets per pen on days 0, 14, 28, and 42 and plated on M-Enterococcusagar, and three enterococcal isolates were obtained from each sample. The overall prevalence oftcrB-positive enterococci was 21.1% (38/180) in piglets fed elevated copper and 2.8% (5/180) in the control. Among the 43tcrB-positive isolates, 35 wereE. faeciumand 8 wereE. faecalis. The mean MICs of copper fortcrB-negative andtcrB-positive enterococci were 6.2 and 22.2 mM, respectively. The restriction digestion of the genomic DNA ofE. faeciumorE. faecaliswith S1 nuclease yielded a band of ∼194-kbp size to which bothtcrBand theerm(B) gene probes hybridized. A conjugation assay demonstrated cotransfer oftcrBanderm(B) genes betweenE. faeciumandE. faecalisstrains. The higher prevalence oftcrB-positive enterococci in piglets fed elevated copper compared to that in piglets fed normal copper suggests that supplementation of copper in swine diets selected for resistance.

Observed energy intake of weaned piglets and its effect on temperature requirements

1985 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 475-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Robertson ◽  
J. J. Clark ◽  
J. M. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Critical Temperatures ◽  
Thermoneutral Zone ◽  
C 23 ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTEnergy intake was recorded for two batches of 12 individually-penned piglets weaned at 5 kg live weight and fed milk-based diets of 18·7 MJ metabolizable energy (ME) per kg up to 8 kg live weight and 15.4 MJ ME per kg thereafter. The piglets were kept within their thermoneutral zone throughout the experiments. Regression equations describing the relationship between energy intake and days after weaning were developed for each piglet and the means of the regression coefficients and constants were incorporated in an equation for estimating energy intakes for piglets of 5 to 15 kg live weight. The lower and upper critical temperatures were calculated for each piglet on every day of the trial. These values were extrapolated to give temperature recommendations for piglets of 5 to 15 kg live weight kept in groups of 20. The temperatures ranged from 30°C at weaning to 19°C, 23 days after weaning. This represented a reduction in temperature equivalent to 0·5°C per day.

The influence of a barrier on the behaviour and growth of early-weaned piglets

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 140-140
Author(s):  
N.K. Waran ◽  
D.M. Broom
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Aggressive Interaction ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Floor Space ◽  
Belly Nosing ◽  
High Level

The Codes of Recommendation for the Welfare of Livestock : Pigs (1991) suggest that the minimum total floor space for pigs growing to 20 kg should be 0.15 m2 per pig. This space allowance should be adequate for sleeping, feeding, dunging and exercise. However, no allowance has been made for the space the pig needs to signal submission during an aggressive interaction, and it may be that this is one of the reasons why weaning is associated with such a high level of aggression and a reduction in growth rate. The objective of this experiment was to try to reduce aggression and belly-nosing and to improve weight gain by building a hide area (using a barrier) into conventional weaner pens. The steel-framed barriers that were used took up very little space in the pens. Three trials involving 120 Large White X Landrace piglets were carried out. In each trial, piglets were weaned at 24 days and were assigned at random to one of four treatments; straw pen with a barrier, straw pen with no barrier, flatdeck cage with a barrier, flatdeck cage with no barrier, each group contained ten piglets.

The effect of duration and temperature of simulated transport on the performance of early-weaned piglets

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Berry ◽  
N. J. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Transport Control ◽  
The Relationship

The responses and tolerances of early-weaned piglets to transport are not well documented. It is believed that the additive stress incurred by transporting early-weaned pigs predisposes them to increased disease risk and compromised performance. The objective of this work was to investigate the relationship between two primary transportation stressors, duration and temperature, and their effects on piglet performance. Prior to housing on flatdecks at 30°C, transport was simulated by placing 17-d (± 1 d) old weaned piglets into wooden boxes of dimensions 1.2 × 1.2 × 1 m (space allowance range 0.18 to 0.36 m2 pig–1) with straw bedding. Two trials were conducted. In each trial, 96 piglets were randomly mixed in groups of four and assigned to the following simulated transport durations: no transport (control), 6 h, 12 h (Trial 2 only) and 24 h. Piglets undergoing transport simulation were kept at one of the following temperatures 20, 25 (Trial 1 only), 30 and 35°C. There was a significant interactive effect between transport duration and temperature upon liveweight change in the first 24 h in both trials (P < 0.01). The animals that incurred the greatest liveweight deficit after weaning relative to untransported control groups were predominantly either those that had been transported for 24 h at high transport temperatures (35 and 30°C) or those transported for 6 h at 20°C in Trial 1 and 35°C in Trial 2. The effect of simulated transport was measureable for up to 5 d post-transport. However, by 14 d post-transport there was no detectable influence of transport treatment on feed consumption or weight gain (P > 0.05). The study found piglets are able to recover and perform adequately in the early post-weaning period if extremes of transport duration and temperature are avoided. Key words: Transportation, early weaning, temperature, piglets

The effect of feed restriction on belly nosing behaviour in weaned piglets

2008 ◽  
Vol 110 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bruni ◽  
V. Margaret Quinton ◽  
Tina M. Widowski
Keyword(s):  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Belly Nosing
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