The mediating effect of the Mediterranean diet on the role of discretionary and hidden salt intake regarding non-fatal acute coronary syndrome or stroke events: A case/case-control study

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the independent role of perceived stress, measured by the PSS-14, on the likelihood of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Conclusion: This is a case-control study with individual matching by age and sex. During 2010-2012, 250 consecutive patients (60±11 years, 78% men) with a first ACS and 250 population-based, control subjects (60±8.6 years, 77.6% men), were enrolled. Perceived stress levels were evaluated with the PSS-14 scale, depression status was assessed with the Zung Depression Rating Scale, anxiety status with the STAI scale and adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed by the MedDietScore. Conclusion: Higher perceived stress was associated with increased likelihood of having an ACS, after adjusting for various factors (OR=1.15, %CI 1.11, 1.18). STAI and ZUNG scale were positively associated with the likelihood of having an ACS (OR: 1.27 %CI 1.20-1.34, p<0.001 and OR: 1.49 %CI 1.36-1.63, p<0.001 respectively). Stratified analysis by sex showed a greater impact of perceived stress in men, compared with women (Wald test value 45.65 vs 18.56, respectively). When stratifying by depression levels, the effect of perceived stress on ACS was not significant among depressed individuals. When stratifying by level of anxiety, higher odds of having an ACS was found in the low anxiety group (OR: 1.129, %CI 1.047-1.218). Conclusion: Perceived stress appears as an independent ACS risk factor, although no causal relationship can be extracted due to the nature of the study. Early recognition and treatment of perceived stress may lead to ACS risk reduction.

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Role of fibre and fruit in the Mediterranean diet to protect against myocardial infarction: a case–control study in Spain

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601382 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 56 (8) ◽

pp. 715-722 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

MA Martínez-González ◽

E Fernández-Jarne ◽

E Martínez-Losa ◽

M Prado-Santamaría ◽

C Brugarolas-Brufau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

Control Study

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Modelling the Role of Dietary Habits and Eating Behaviours on the Development of Acute Coronary Syndrome or Stroke: Aims, Design, and Validation Properties of a Case-Control Study

Cardiology Research and Practice ◽

10.4061/2011/313948 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Christina-Maria Kastorini ◽

Haralampos J. Milionis ◽

John A. Goudevenos ◽

Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos

Keyword(s):

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Statistical Power ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Coronary Event ◽

Case Control ◽

Eating Behaviours ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Control Study

In this paper the methodology and procedures of a case-control study that will be developed for assessing the role of dietary habits and eating behaviours on the development of acute coronary syndrome and stroke is presented. Based on statistical power calculations, 1000 participants will be enrolled; of them, 250 will be consecutive patients with a first acute coronary event, 250 consecutive patients with a first ischaemic stroke, and 500 population-based healthy subjects (controls), age and sex matched to the cases. Socio-demographic, clinical, dietary, psychological, and other lifestyle characteristics will be measured. Dietary habits and eating behaviours will be evaluated with a special questionnaire that has been developed for the study.

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