Oral ingestion of a 5-HT4 receptor agonist evokes a CNS-ENS mediated gastro-colonic reflex involving High Amplitude Propulsive Contractions (HAPCs) in the human colon within 5minutes

2015 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
J.-H. Chen ◽  
W.-L. Chen ◽  
Y.-J. Yu ◽  
Z.-X. Yang ◽  
W.-Z. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Oral Ingestion

Role of extrinsic innervation in modulating nitrergic transmission in the canine ileocolonic region

2002 ◽  
Vol 283 (1) ◽  
pp. G230-G239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somchai Leelakusolvong ◽  
Michael G. Sarr ◽  
Steven M. Miller ◽  
Sidney F. Phillips ◽  
Adil E. Bharucha
Keyword(s):  
Human Colon ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Nadph Diaphorase ◽  
Extrinsic Denervation ◽  
Ileocolonic Sphincter ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Extrinsic Innervation ◽  
Nos Inhibitor ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The human colon can dilate, often to life-threatening proportions. Our aim was to explore nitrergic mechanisms underlying colonic dilation in conscious dogs with enterically isolated ileocolonic loops either extrinsically innervated ( n = 4) or extrinsically denervated ( n= 4). We recorded phasic pressures in ileum and ileocolonic sphincter (ICS), colonic tone, compliance, and relaxation during ileal distension. By NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry, we assessed effects of extrinsic denervation and enteric isolation on nitrergic fibers. Extrinsic denervation increased phasic pressures in ileum, ICS, and colon and abolished ICS and colonic relaxation in response to ileal distension. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor N ω-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) increased phasic pressures at all sites and ICS tone but did not abolish colonic relaxation during ileal distension in innervated loops. l-NNA reduced compliance and induced colonic high-amplitude propagated contractions in denervated loops. The NOS substrate donor l-arginine reversed effects ofl-NNA. The number of NADPH-diaphorase fibers increased in both enterically isolated preparations. Nonnitrergic extrinsic nerve pathways mediate reflex colonic relaxation during ileal distension. Enteric isolation augments the number of NOS fibers, an effect not modified by extrinsic denervation.

Manometric investigation of high-amplitude propagated contractile activity of the human colon

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (5) ◽  
pp. G660-G664 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bassotti ◽  
M. Gaburri
Keyword(s):  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Rectosigmoid Junction ◽  
Late Afternoon ◽  
Mean Frequency ◽  
Infusion System

The motor activity of colonic segments proximal to the rectosigmoid junction are poorly understood. We investigated colonic peristalsis (high-amplitude propagated contractions; HAPCs) in 20 healthy volunteers by means of a colonoscopically positioned manometric probe and low-compliance infusion system. In all, 110 HAPCs were recorded from the ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon, and their features and daily distribution were analyzed and characterized. Mean frequency was 6.1 +/- 0.9 (SE) per subject per 24 h, mean amplitude was 110.37 +/- 6.3 mmHg, mean duration was 14.15 +/- 0.8 s, and mean propagation velocity was 1.11 +/- 0.1 cm/s. There were no significant differences among colonic segments. Diurnal changes of HAPCs were also noted, with a maximum frequency after meals and after awakening in the morning, and a minimum recorded in the late afternoon and during the night. These HAPCs may represent the manometric equivalent of mass movements.

Site and substrates for methane production in human colon

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (5) ◽  
pp. G752-G757 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Flourie ◽  
P. Pellier ◽  
C. Florent ◽  
P. Marteau ◽  
P. Pochart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Left Colon ◽  
Excess Volumes ◽  
Gastric Mucin ◽  
Oral Ingestion

On two occasions separated by seven days, 22 g mucin (hog gastric mucin) was infused into right and left colon of 12 healthy volunteers (6 CH4 producers and 6 non-producers) maintained on a controlled diet. In the six CH4 producers, excess volumes of H2 excreted in breath were 73.4 +/- 11.9 and 35.1 +/- 14.1 (SE) ml/8 h (P less than 0.05) in response to right and left colonic infusion of mucin, respectively; excess volumes of CH4 were, respectively, 6.7 +/- 1.7 and 38.9 +/- 11.1 ml/8 h (P less than 0.05). In the six CH4 nonproducers, excess volumes of H2 excreted in breath were 76.6 +/- 17.6 and 30.8 +/- 6.3 ml/8 h (P less than 0.02) in response to right and left colonic infusion of mucin, respectively; excess volumes of CH4 were, respectively, 0.0 +/- 0.0 and 0.1 +/- 0.1 ml/8 h (not significant). In a further experiment, 17 healthy volunteers (10 CH4 producers and 7 nonproducers) were given on 2 consecutive days an oral load and an enema of 10 g lactulose. In the 10 CH4 producers, excess volumes of H2 excreted in breath were 74.6 +/- 15.1 and 32.3 +/- 11.5 ml/6 h (P less than 0.001) in response to oral ingestion and lactulose enema, respectively; excess volumes of CH4 were, respectively, 7.7 +/- 3.0 and 38.2 +/- 7.2 ml/6 h (P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Effect of the novel 5‐HT 4 receptor agonist DAU 6236 in human colon

1993 ◽  
Vol 159 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 834-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
P G McLean ◽  
I M Coupar ◽  
P Molenaar
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
The Novel

Characterization of haustral activity in the human colon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan D. Huizinga ◽  
Maham Pervez ◽  
Sharjana Nirmathalasan ◽  
Ji-Hong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Motor Pattern ◽  
Colonic Motility ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Pacemaker Activity ◽  
Pressure Waves ◽  
Baseline Pressure ◽  
Segmentation Pattern ◽  
Mixed Pattern

The human colon consists of a string of haustral compartments; hence all colonic motility involves haustra, yet contraction patterns are rarely discussed from the perspective of haustra. Haustral activity was analyzed in 21 healthy subjects using an 84-sensor manometry catheter with 1 cm spacing; haustra were on average 4.6 cm long, hence their activity was monitored by 4-5 sensors. On average 47% of the haustra were intermittently active for ~ 30% of the time; 2402 periods of haustra activity were analyzed. Intrahaustral activity showed rhythmic pressure waves centred around a frequency of 2-6 cpm or 7-15 cpm, or a checkerboard segmentation pattern. Boundaries of the haustra showed rhythmic pressure activity at a dominant frequency pf 3 cpm with or without elevated baseline pressure. The haustral activity was a low-amplitude motor pattern, 5-30 mmHg above baseline pressure. The intrahaustral rhythmic pressure waves propagated in a mixed pattern: retrograde, antegrade and simultaneous, with the simultaneous appearance dominating. Active haustra often showed no boundary activity probably allowing transit to neighbouring haustra. Haustral boundaries are seen at the same sensor for the 6-8 hr study duration, indicating that they do not propagate. Based on previous studies we infer that the orchestration of haustral activity involves pacemaker activity from ICC-SMP. High amplitude propagating pressure waves (HAPWs), were often followed by a cyclic motor pattern at a frequency ~ 12 cpm dissolving into haustral activity at that frequency. The HAPW may be composed of neurally-induced summated pressure waves at ~ 12 cpm.

Ultrastructural Study of a differentiating human colon carcinoma cell line

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-209
Author(s):  
Sylvie Polak-Charcon ◽  
Mehrdad Hekmati ◽  
Yehuda Ben Shaul
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Human Colon Carcinoma Cell ◽  
Colon Cell

The epithelium of normal human colon mucosa “in vivo” exhibits a gradual pattern of differentiation as undifferentiated stem cells from the base of the crypt of “lieberkuhn” rapidly divide, differentiate and migrate toward the free surface. The major differentiated cell type of the intestine observed are: absorptive cells displaying brush border, goblet cells containing mucous granules, Paneth and endocrine cells containing dense secretory granules. These different cell types are also found in the intestine of the 13-14 week old embryo.We present here morphological evidence showing that HT29, an adenocarcinoma of the human colon cell line, can differentiate into various cell types by changing the growth and culture conditions and mimic morphological changes found during development of the intestine in the human embryo.HT29 cells grown in tissue-culture dishes in DMEM and 10% FCS form at late confluence a multilayer of morphologically undifferentiated cell culture covered with irregular microvilli, and devoid of tight junctions (Figs 1-3).

MKC-733, a selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist, stimulates fasting human antral motility

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A460-A461 ◽  
Author(s):  
N COLEMAN ◽  
J WRIGHT ◽  
M PARKER ◽  
R SPILLER
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Agonist ◽  
Antral Motility
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