Key events in the history of calcium regulation of striated muscle

2008 ◽  
Vol 369 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gergely
Keyword(s):  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Calcium Regulation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Events

scholarly journals Who Reads Shashi? The Case of the Hiroshima Regional Newspaper

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Sherif
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
International Media ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nuclear Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Regional Newspaper ◽  
Self Presentations

The company history of a newspaper company raises new questions about the genre of company histories. Who reads them? What features should readers and researchers be aware of when using them as a source? This article examines the shashi of the Chûgoku Shinbun, the Hiroshima regional newspaper. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 were significant because of their perceived role in bringing World War II to an end and in signaling the start of the nuclear age. Most research to date has emphasized the role of national newspapers and the international media in informing the public about the extent of the damage and generating a framework within which to understand. I compare the representation of three key events in the Chûgoku Shinbun company history (shashi) to those in two national newspapers (Asahi and Yomiuri), as well as the ways that the Hiroshima company’s 100th and 120th year self-presentations reveal important concerns of the region and the nation, and motivations in going public with its shashi. These comparisons will reveal some of the merits and limits of using shashi in research. This article is part of a larger study on the work of the influence of regional press and publishers on literature in twentieth-century Japan.   

Calcium regulation of the contractile state of isolated mammalian fibroblast cytoplasm

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-256
Author(s):  
C.S. Izzard ◽  
S.L. Izzard
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Calcium Regulation ◽  
Threshold Concentration ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Contractile State ◽  
Relaxing Solution ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Rigor Solution

Calcium-dependent contractions have been induced in fresh, naked cytoplasm of L-929 fibroblasts using physiological solutions (rigor, relaxing and contracting) similar to those designed to control the contractile state of vertebrate striated muscle. Free access of solutions to the cytoplasm was achieved by popping and stripping the plasma membrane from cells using 7–10 strokes of a Dounce homogenizer. Contracting solution (free Ca2+ 7 X 10(−5) M; with added MgATP) applied locally from a micropipette to cells popped in rigor (free Ca2+ less than 10(−8) M) or relaxing (free Ca2+ less than 10(−8) M; with added MgATP) solutions induced symmetrical contractions of unstretched cytoplasm and directional shortening of stretched cytoplasm. The contractions produced 12–18% shortenings and were complete in 1–3 s. The cytoplasm could be cycled repeatedly through the contracted state from the relaxed state. Exogenous MgATP was required for the Ca2+-dependent contractions. At low free Ca2+ concentrations (less than 10(−8) M), MgATP had a marked plasticizing effect on the cytoplasm. Thus cytoplasm prepared in relaxing solution was less cohesive and more easily deformed than cytoplasm prepared in rigor solution. When induced to contract, relaxed cytoplasm showed a loss of plasticity. Using this criterion, the threshold concentration of free Ca2+ for contraction was determined to lie between 7 X 10(−8) M and 5 X 10(−7) M.

Creation, Institutionalization, and Development of Public and Confidential Special Procedures

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-34
Author(s):  
Elvira Domínguez-Redondo
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Change Of Direction ◽  
Peace And Security ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fact Finding ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Political Realities

The history of how Special Procedures were first envisaged, considered, mooted, negotiated, and created impacted the evolution of the internationalization of human rights under the auspices of the UN Commission on Human Rights. The trajectory of these mechanisms provides key insights into both the overall direction and the conduct of politics concerning not only human rights but also development and issues concerned with peace and security at the United Nations. They correspondingly serve as a backdrop to many contemporary global concerns in how they are articulated, defended, and responded to by multilateral organizations. This chapter outlines the key events leading to the birth of the first public and confidential Special Procedures as a positive outcome of what was a highly politicized process. The first section explains the rationale underpinning the polar change of direction of the Commission on Human Rights, from a position where it initially denied its own competence to address human rights violations, to its decision to create subsidiary fact-finding bodies with exactly such purpose. The ad hoc nature of their establishment—from which their derive their denomination as “Special”—against political realities of the time led to a non-linear history that explains many of their current features.

Taranchis, Kashgaris, and the ‘Uyghur Question’ in Soviet Central Asia

Inner Asia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Brophy
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Standard Account ◽  
Anthropological Perspective ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
Soviet Central Asia ◽  
Eastern Turkestan ◽  
Key Events

AbstractUp till now, the problem of Uyghur identity construction has been studied from an almost exclusively anthropological perspective. Little Western research has been done on the history of the Uyghur community in the Soviet Union during the period of national delimitation, and the process by which a re-invented ‘Uyghur’ identity was fostered among settled Turkicspeakers of East Turkestani origin. In this paper I have set out to trace some of the key events and debates which formed part of that process. In doing so I provide evidence that challenges certain aspects of the standard account of this period, in particular the role of the 1921 Tashkent conference. In 1921 the term ‘Uyghur’ was not used an ethnic designation, but as an umbrella term for various peoples with family roots in Eastern Turkestan. It was not until several years later that the term took its place beside other ethnonyms in the Soviet Union, provoking debate and opposition in the Soviet Uyghur press. This paper is largely based on the recently republished writings of leading Uyghur activists and journalists from the 1920s, and focuses on the role of the Uyghur Communist Abdulla Rozibaqiev. My paper attempts to demonstrate the importance of basing the study of Uyghur history on Uyghur language sources, rather than Russian or Chinese materials alone.

scholarly journals A brief history of the British Neuroscience Association

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 239821281879924
Author(s):  
Steven P. Rose ◽  
Yvonne S. Allen ◽  
Ian M. Varndell
Keyword(s):  
Life Science ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Discussion Group ◽  
Professional Society ◽  
Research Association ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Events ◽  
The Brain

As the British Neuroscience Association commemorates 50 years of existence in 2018, this article recalls its founding as a discussion group, its establishment as the Brain Research Association, its transition to a professional society encompassing all aspects of neuroscience research, both clinical and non-clinical, and its re-branding as the British Neuroscience Association in the late 1990s. Neuroscience as a branch of life science has expanded hugely in the last 25 years and the British Neuroscience Association has adapted, frequently working with partner societies, to serve as an interdisciplinary hub for professionals working in this exciting and crucial field. The authors have attempted to highlight some key events in the Association’s history and acknowledge the contributions made by many people over half a century.

scholarly journals Failed Early Intervention of Pyomyositis in an Immunocompetent Individual

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ranna Al-Dossari ◽  
Sana Zekri
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Early Intervention ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Immunocompetent Individual ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient Presentation

Pyomyositis is a purulent infection of striated muscle tissue that usually leads to an abscess, commonly due to S. aureus. Pyomyositis is typically found in tropic regions, but it is increasingly being recognized in temperate climates, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Patient presentation ranges from afebrile with mildly elevated WBC to frank sepsis. In many reported cases, patients may develop multiple abscesses at different sites. We report a case of a 54-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presenting with right pectoral infection. This case demonstrates the possibility that antibiotic therapy in early presentations may not effectively prevent abscess formation, contrary to treatment suggestions found in the literature.

Key Events in the History of Electron Microscopy

2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Haguenau ◽  
P.W. Hawkes ◽  
J.L. Hutchison ◽  
B. Satiat–Jeunemaître ◽  
G.T. Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Key Events ◽  
Modern Computing

It is not easy to understand how the electron microscopes and electron microscope techniques that we know today developed from the primitive ideas of the first microscopists of the 1930s. Newcomers to the subject in particular, their time almost fully occupied with grasping practical methods and modern computing techniques, can rarely devote much attention to the history of their subject. For some, however, this is a source of frustration: If a guide to the principal stages in the development of the subject and to the main actors and their publications were available, they would find the time to study it.

A Secret Society History of the Civil War

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Lause
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil War ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Political ◽  
Secret Society ◽  
Secret Societies ◽  
Harpers Ferry ◽  
History Of ◽  
Key Events ◽  
The Impact

This history of the Civil War considers the impact of nineteenth-century American secret societies on the path to as well as the course of the war. Beginning with the European secret societies that laid the groundwork for Freemasonry in the United States, the book analyzes how the Old World's traditions influenced various underground groups and movements in America, particularly George Lippard's Brotherhood of the Union, an American attempt to replicate the political secret societies that influenced the European Revolutions of 1848. The book traces the Brotherhood's various manifestations, including the Knights of the Golden Circle (out of which developed the Ku Klux Klan), and the Confederate secret groups through which John Wilkes Booth and others attempted to undermine the Union. It shows how, in the years leading up to the Civil War, these clandestine organizations exacerbated existing sectional tensions and may have played a part in key events such as John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry, Lincoln's election, and the Southern secession process of 1860–1861.

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