scholarly journals Abnormal gait, reduced locomotor activity and impaired motor coordination in Dgcr2 -deficient mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 120-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichiro Mugikura ◽  
Akira Katoh ◽  
Satoshi Watanabe ◽  
Minoru Kimura ◽  
Kagemasa Kajiwara
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Abnormal Gait ◽  
Deficient Mice

Cannabinoid Receptor Modulation in the 3-Acetylpyridine Cerebellar Ataxia Mouse Model

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoda Ranjbar ◽  
Monavareh Soti ◽  
mahyar janahmadi ◽  
Kristi A. Kohlmeier ◽  
vahid sheibani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Cerebellar Ataxia ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor ◽  
Receptor Modulation ◽  
Abnormal Gait

Abstract Cerebellar ataxia is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to severe motor incoordination. Recently it has been suggested that cannabinoids play a role in modulation of ataxic symptoms. In order to understand the possible therapeutic effect of cannabinoids for management of cerebellar ataxia, we used cannabinoid agonist/antagonists to target the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) in the 3 acetyl pyridine (3AP) mouse model of ataxia. The role of the CB1R was examined by using three different doses of the CB1R agonist, WIN55,212-2 (WIN; 0.1, 0.5, 1 mg/kg) administrated 30 min prior to 3AP (55 mg/kg, i.p.) which leads to motor impairment through destruction of the inferior olive. In some recordings, the CB1R antagonist AM251(1 mg/kg) was given in combination with WIN. Locomotor activity and motor coordination were impaired by 3AP, and the application of WIN did not ameliorate this effect. However, the abnormal gait, rearing and grooming caused by 3AP were prevented by co-administration of AM251 with WIN. While the addition of the CB1R antagonist inhibition improved some ataxic symptoms, there was no effect of AM251 on balance or locomotor activity when co-administrated with WIN. Behavioral testing indicated that not only did WIN fail to exert any protective effect on ataxic symptoms, it exacerbated ataxic symptoms, suggesting that CB1R agonists may not be the ideal therapeutic drug in this disorder. When taken together, the findings from the present study indicate that cannabinoid modulation of ataxia symptoms may not act solely through CB1Rs and other cannabinoid receptors should be consider in future studies.

scholarly journals Slc20a2-Deficient Mice Exhibit Multisystem Abnormalities and Impaired Spatial Learning Memory and Sensorimotor Gating but Normal Motor Coordination Abilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqiong Ren ◽  
Yuqi Shen ◽  
Nuo Si ◽  
Shiqi Fan ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Spatial Learning ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Sensorimotor Gating ◽  
Skeletal Malformation ◽  
Brain Calcification ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Spatial Learning Memory

BackgroundPrimary familial brain calcification (PFBC, OMIM#213600), also known as Fahr’s disease, is a rare autosomal dominant or recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by bilateral and symmetrical microvascular calcifications affecting multiple brain regions, particularly the basal ganglia (globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen) and thalamus. The most common clinical manifestations include cognitive impairment, neuropsychiatric signs, and movement disorders. Loss-of-function mutations in SLC20A2 are the major genetic causes of PFBC.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether Slc20a2 knockout mice could recapitulate the dynamic processes and patterns of brain calcification and neurological symptoms in patients with PFBC. We comprehensively evaluated brain calcifications and PFBC-related behavioral abnormalities in Slc20a2-deficient mice.MethodsBrain calcifications were analyzed using classic calcium-phosphate staining methods. The Morris water maze, Y-maze, and fear conditioning paradigms were used to evaluate long-term spatial learning memory, working memory, and episodic memory, respectively. Sensorimotor gating was mainly assessed using the prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex program. Spontaneous locomotor activity and motor coordination abilities were evaluated using the spontaneous activity chamber, cylinder test, accelerating rotor-rod, and narrowing balance beam tests.ResultsSlc20a2 homozygous knockout (Slc20a2-HO) mice showed congenital and global developmental delay, lean body mass, skeletal malformation, and a high proportion of unilateral or bilateral eye defects. Brain calcifications were detected in the hypothalamus, ventral thalamus, and midbrain early at postnatal day 80 in Slc20a2-HO mice, but were seldom found in Slc20a2 heterozygous knockout (Slc20a2-HE) mice, even at extremely old age. Slc20a2-HO mice exhibited spatial learning memory impairments and sensorimotor gating deficits while exhibiting normal working and episodic memories. The general locomotor activity, motor balance, and coordination abilities were not statistically different between Slc20a2-HO and wild-type mice after adjusting for body weight, which was a major confounding factor in our motor function evaluations.ConclusionThe human PFBC-related phenotypes were highly similar to those in Slc20a2-HO mice. Therefore, Slc20a2-HO mice might be suitable for the future evaluation of neuropharmacological intervention strategies targeting cognitive and neuropsychiatric impairments.

Physical exercise protects dynamic balance and motor coordination of rats treated with vincristine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 336
Author(s):  
Luiza Minato Sagrillo ◽  
Viviane Nogueira De Zorzi ◽  
Luiz Fernando Freire Royes ◽  
Michele Rechia Fighera ◽  
Beatriz Da Silva Rosa Bonadiman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Stress Damage ◽  
Training Protocol

Physical exercise has been shown to be an important modulator of the antioxidant system and neuroprotective in several diseases and treatments that affect the central nervous system. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of physical exercise in dynamic balance, motor coordination, exploratory locomotor activity and in the oxidative and immunological balance of rats treated with vincristine (VCR). For that, 40 adult rats were divided into two groups: exercise group (6 weeks of swimming, 1h/day, 5 days/week, with overload of 5% of body weight) and sedentary group. After training, rats were treated with 0.5 mg/kg of vincristine sulfate for two weeks or with the same dose of 0.9% NaCl. The behavioral tests were conducted 1 and 7 days after each dose of VCR. On day 15 we carried out the biochemical analyzes of the cerebellum. The physical exercise was able to protect against the loss of dynamic balance and motor coordination and, had effect per se in the exploratory locomotor activity, and neutralize oxidative stress, damage DNA and immune damage caused by VCR up to 15 days after the end of the training protocol. In conclusion, we observed that previous physical training protects of the damage motor induced by vincristine.Key-words: exercise, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, cerebellum.

scholarly journals β-amyloid precursor protein-deficient mice show reactive gliosis and decreased locomotor activity

Cell ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Minghao Jiang ◽  
Myrna E. Trumbauer ◽  
Dalip J.S. Sirinathsinghji ◽  
Ruth Hopkins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Amyloid Precursor Protein ◽  
Precursor Protein ◽  
Reactive Gliosis ◽  
Β Amyloid ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Altered MAP kinase phosphorylation and impaired motor coordination in PTPRR deficient mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 829-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato G. S. Chirivi ◽  
Yvet E. Noordman ◽  
Catharina E. E. M. Van der Zee ◽  
Wiljan J. A. J. Hendriks
Keyword(s):  
Map Kinase ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Kinase Phosphorylation ◽  
Deficient Mice

scholarly journals Diurnal Variation of Heart Rate, Locomotor Activity, and Body Temperature in Interleukin-1.ALPHA./.BETA. Doubly Deficient Mice.

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi FURUZAWA ◽  
Masayoshi KUWAHARA ◽  
Keiji ISHII ◽  
Yoichiro IWAKURA ◽  
Hirokazu TSUBONE
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Interleukin 1 ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Deficient Mice

Safety pharmacology of sibutramine mesylate, an anti-obesity drug

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Joo Kim ◽  
Eun-Kyung Park ◽  
Kwee-Hyun Suh
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Transport ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Isolated Rat Heart ◽  
Spontaneous Locomotor Activity ◽  
General Behaviour ◽  
Organ Systems

Sibutramine mesylate is a new anti-obesity drug. It is a crystalline salt of sibutramine developed to improve the solubility of sibutramine hydrochloride. Methanesulfonic acid was used as a salt-forming acid instead of hydrochloric acid, resulting in a greatly improved solubility of 1000 mg/mL in water. Sibutramine mesylate was administered orally to ICR mice, Sprague / respiratory system and the other organ systems. Following administration of sibutramine mesylate, spontaneous locomotor activity was significantly increased from 120 min to 24 hours at 3.45 mg/kg and from 30 min to 24 hours at 11.50 mg/kg. Furthermore, there were a decrease in hexobarbitalinduced sleep time, an increase in respiratory rate at 120 min, increases in intestinal transport capacity and gastric pH at 11.50 mg/kg, and decreases in gastric / Dawley rats, and beagle dogs at dose levels of 1.15, 3.45, and 11.50 mg/kg to measure its effects on the central nervous system (CNS), general behaviour, cardiovascular volume and total acidity at 3.45 and 11.50 mg/kg. However sibutramine mesylate caused no effects on general behaviour, motor coordination, body temperature, analgesia, convulsion, blood pressure, heart rate, electrocardiogram, cardiac functions of the isolated rat heart, isolated smooth muscles and renal function. Based on the above results, it was concluded that sibutramine mesylate caused effects on the spontaneous locomotor activity, hexobarbital-induced sleep time, respiration, gastrointestinal transport, and gastric secretion at a dose level of 3.45 mg/kg or greater but caused no effects on other general pharmacological reactions.

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