Urine marking in male common voles: Does behavioural activity matter?

Abstract. Kirillova NYu, Kirillov AA, Ruchin AB, Trukhachev MV. 2020. Helminth fauna of Microtus cf. arvalis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Russia and adjacent countries. Biodiversitas 21: 1961-1979. The helminth fauna of voles of the Microtus cf. arvalis group is reviewed focusing on the Russian fauna and that of adjacent territories. In total, 61 helminth species have been recorded in these rodents: Trematoda-14, Cestoda-21, Nematoda-25, Acanthocephala-1. The diversity of the helminth community of the common vole is due to the wide species range and abundance of this rodent. M. arvalis is the final host for most of the parasites recorded from this host species. Only 10 cestodes and trematodes species use common voles as intermediate and paratenic hosts. The core of this voles’ helminth fauna is formed by common species that parasitize many different rodent species. The helminth fauna of the common vole has been most intensively studied in Russia, where 45 species of parasitic worms have been recorded in rodents. The similarity of the helminth fauna of the common vole from different study regions is determined by both the geographical proximity of the research areas and the broad distribution of most of the M. cf. arvalis helminth species.

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ПОВЕДІНКОВА АКТИВНІСТЬ ЩУРІВ І РІВЕНЬ ЕНДОТОКСИКОЗУ МОЗКУ НА ТЛІ ГІДРАЗИНОВОГО ГЕПАТИТУ

Scientific Issue Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: Biology ◽

10.25128/2078-2357.19.2.13 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (2) ◽

pp. 78-84

Author(s):

O. A. Makarenko ◽

T. V. Hladkyi ◽

A. V. Maikova ◽

T. V. Mohylevska

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Urease Activity ◽

Toxic Hepatitis ◽

Male Rats ◽

Behavioural Activity ◽

Animal Physiology ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

Experimental Formation ◽

The Brain ◽

Brain Tissues

Hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent complication and manifestation of liver diseases, and a consequence of liver failure. Our research aims at studying behavioral and emotional activity, as well as identification of the degree of endotoxicosis of brain tissues of rats at the background of modelling in them of toxic chronic hydrazine hepatitis. The research was carried out at the Department of Human and Animal Physiology of Odessa National Mechnykov University on laboratory male rats, aged 8-10 months. The animals were divided into 2 groups, 6 animals in each, control (intact animals) and experimental (formation of a model of toxic hydrazine hepatitis) ones. The functional state of the brain of rats was evaluated by studying the behavioral and emotional activities of animals with the methods of "Open field" and "T- shaped labyrinth". In brain homogenates, the activity of a number of enzymes was determined, which could indicate the cause of changes in the functioning of the nervous system: the activity of lysozyme, urease, elastase, catalase, the content of malondialdehyde. It was discovered that formation of toxic hepatitis in rats is accompanied by inhibition of orientation and behavioural activity – on 50-70 %, exploratory – on 40-60 % and emotional – on 30 % in “open field” test, considerable aggravation of dynamics of rate and quality of learning problem solving in T-shaped labyrinth. Modeling of hepatitis in rats led to the decrease in lysozyme activity by 22.1%, catalase activity by 30.8%, detection of urease activity in the brain, as well as an increase in elastase activity by 44.6% and malondialdehyde content by 21.5%.в At the background of hepatitis in homogenates of brain tissues urease activity has been detected, activity of inflammation markers and enzymes-destructors increases, with activity of indices of antioxidant brain system decreasing. Change of behavioural activity of rats at the background of toxic hepatitis is caused by the development of endotoxicosis, which results from impairment of the function of liver detoxification.

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