scholarly journals Oviposition response of the biocontrol agent Rhinocyllus conicus to resource distribution in its invasive host, Carduus nutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 104369
Author(s):  
Zeynep Sezen ◽  
Ottar N. Bjørnstad ◽  
Katriona Shea
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Resource Distribution ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus

Interspecific competition between Rhinocyllus conicus and Urophora soistitialis L on nodding thistle in Canterbury

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. McNeill ◽  
C.J. Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Microctonus Aethiopoides

Nodding thistle receptacle weevil Rhinocyllus conicus and gallfly Urophora solstitialis attack the capitula of nodding thistle Carduus nutans L Between 31 October and 15 December 2003 the phenology of both R conicus and U solstitialis was studied at a dryland site in Canterbury Adult R conicus were more numerous than U solstitialis on capitula throughout the experiment Larvae of R conicus were first found on 11 November (15 of capitula infested) and peaked on 2 December with 53 of capitula infested Only 3 of capitula were infested by U solstitialis Adult R conicus or U solstitialis emerged from 79 of the selected primary and secondary capitula The majority of infested capitula (81) contained only R conicus 2 contained only U solstitialis while 17 contained both insect species Parasitism of R conicus by the braconid parasitoid Microctonus aethiopoides was low and occurred when most weevil eggs had been laid

Dispersal ofRhinocyllus conicusfor Biocontrol of Musk Thistle

Weed Science ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hodgson ◽  
N. E. Rees
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Made In

A weevil [Rhinocyllus conicus(Froelich)] host specific toCarduus, Cirsium, Silybum, andOnopordum, was introduced into Gallatin County, Montana, for biocontrol of musk thistle (Carduus nutansL.). Releases were made in 1969, 1971, 1972, and 1973 on local musk thistle infestations. The insects became established and overwintered successfully. In 1974,R. conicuswas found over a 1,280-km2area of the county in seed heads of musk thistle. Weevil larvae severely infected the primary flowers, but only a few secondary and later flowers were attacked. Seed production from infected primary flowers was greatly reduced, and other factors influenced reduction of seeds from secondary and later flowers.

Establishment of Rhinocyllus conicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Georgia for Control of Musk Thistle

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Buntin ◽  
R. D. Hudson ◽  
T. R. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Release Point ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Mature Adults ◽  
Initial Release ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus

Rhinocyllus conicus Froelich was introduced and successfully established at 21 sites in northern Georgia for biological control of musk thistle, Carduus nutans L. A total of 9,310 adults were released from 1990 through 1992. Releases of reproductively mature adults in the spring were much more successful than summer releases of teneral adults. Progeny were observed in all spring-release sites, and population increases occurred at most sites one and two years after release. Consumption of infested capitula by cattle reduced R. conicus numbers at some sites. After two years, weevils had dispersed up to 0.6 km from the initial release point. Transfer of R. conicus to new sites in Georgia will begin in 1993.

scholarly journals Spill-over attack by the gall fly, Urophora stylata, on congeners of its target weed, Cirsium vulgare

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Michael Cripps ◽  
Jovesa Navukula ◽  
Benjamin Kaltenbach ◽  
Chikako Van Koten ◽  
Seona Casonato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Cirsium Vulgare ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Limited Supply ◽  
Californian Thistle ◽  
Attack Intensity ◽  
Selection Of

The gall fly, Urophora stylata, was released in New Zealand in 1998 as a biocontrol agent for the thistle weed, Cirsium vulgare (Scotch thistle). In the summer of 2018, a survey was conducted to assess the field host range of the biocontrol agent in New Zealand.  A random selection of 18 pasture populations under sheep and/or beef production, where C. vulgare was present, was surveyed to quantify the attack intensity (gall size relative to seedhead size) on C. vulgare, and the presence of attack on other thistle weeds within the same population. At each location, seedheads were collected from C. vulgare and all other thistle species (Cardueae) present, which included Cirsium arvense (Californian thistle), Cirsium palustre (marsh thistle), Carduus nutans (nodding thistle), and an Arctium species (burdock). In addition to attack on C. vulgare, the gall fly was recorded on C. arvense (at six locations) and C. palustre (at one location). The probability of the presence of attack on C. arvense was positively correlated with the attack intensity on C. vulgare, suggesting that attack on C. arvense is a ‘spill-over effect’ occurring where seedheads of C. vulgare are in limited supply.

Establishment in Missouri ofRhinocyllus conicusfor the Biological Control of Musk Thistle(Carduus nutans)

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Puttler ◽  
S. H. Long ◽  
E. J. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Bracon Mellitor

A weevil,(Rhinocyllus conicusFroelich) was introduced into Missouri in 1975 to aid in reducing populations of musk thistle,(Carduus nutansL.). The weevil was recovered in 1976 from as far as 3.2 km from the release site and 4.8 km in 1977. Infestation levels of flower heads at the release site ranged from 46 to 90%. Native parasites(Bracon mellitorSay) and [Aliolus curculionis(Fitch)] were reared from weevil larvae.

PARASITISM OF RHINOCYLLUS CONICUS FROELICH (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN WYOMING

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Littlefield
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Parasitic Hymenoptera ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus

AbstractRhinocyllus conicus Froelich was introduced into Wyoming in 1975 for the biological control of musk thistle, Carduus nutans L. A survey of 15 release sites was conducted in 1986 to determine parasitism of R. conicus. Eight species of parasitic Hymenoptera were identified. Parasitism of R. conicus infecting the flower heads of musk thistle was low (0.6%), but greater for weevils within the peduncles (17%). Parasitism varied among release sites, ranging from 0.0 to 1.3%, but was not significantly correlated with the duration of weevil establishment.

HOST RANGE OF LEMA CYANELLA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE), A CANDIDATE FOR BIOCONTROL OF CANADA THISTLE, AND OF FOUR STENOPHAGOUS, FOREIGN THISTLE INSECTS IN NORTH AMERICA

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (10) ◽  
pp. 1377-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Peschken
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Field Cage ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Cage Test

AbstractIn the field in Europe, Lenta cyanella (L.) has been reported to breed only on Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.) whereas in the laboratory it breeds on species in the genera Cirsium, Carduus, and Silybum. In one laboratory choice test, L. cyanella preferred Cirsium drummondii T.&G. over Canada thistle. In one field-cage test, it concentrated feeding and oviposition on one C. drummondii which thrived in preference to three other C. drummondii and Canada thistle which grew poorly. In a second field-cage test, Canada thistle predominated and L. cyanella fed and oviposited most on Canada thistle although its intrinsic preference for C. drummondii was still apparent. A review of the field host-plants of three accidentally introduced thistle-feeding insects, Orellia ruficauda (F.), Cleonus piger Scop, and Cassida rubiginosa Müller, and the introduced biocontrol agent Rhinocyllus conicus Froel., showed that these insects, which have a wider range of hosts than has L. cyanella, concentrate breeding on introduced species of Cynareae (Compositae). Based on this evidence, it is extrapolated that L. cyanella will exploit Canada thistle and will not damage populations of native Cirsium species when established in North America.

Rhinocyllus conicus Establishment for Biocontrol of Thistles in Virginia

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Surles ◽  
L. T. Kok ◽  
R. L. Pienkowski
Keyword(s):  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Carduus Acanthoides ◽  
Carduus Nutans ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Viable Seeds

Rhinocyllus conicusFroel. (Col.: Curculionidae) larvae feeding within the capitula ofCarduusthistles may reduce production of viable seeds. EachR. conicuslarva destroyed 9.7 developing musk thistle (Carduus nutansL.) seeds. An average musk thistle capitulum, 29.2 mm diameter, produced 15.3 viable achenes per millimeter of diameter for an average of 447 viable seeds. Surveys of 23 release sites in Virginia revealed that thistles at 12 had sustained a population of weevils. Weevil eggs at six sites have increased in abundance, and establishment appears assured. Colonization ofR. conicuswas enhanced by spring or early summer releases; larger stocks of insects were required for late summer releases. The weevils exhibited better synchronization with musk thistle than with plumeless thistle (Carduus acanthoidesL.); and best success has been achieved where extensive, persistent stands of musk thistle were available.

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