Evaluation of the anti-oomycete bioactivity of rhizosphere soil-borne isolates and the biocontrol of soybean root rot caused by Phytophthora sojae

2021 ◽  
pp. 104818
Author(s):  
Xi Xuedong ◽  
Fan Jianglong ◽  
Yang Xinyu ◽  
Liang Yue ◽  
Xiaoli Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals Changes in the Density and Composition of Rhizosphere Pathogenic Fusarium and Beneficial Trichoderma Contributing to Reduced Root Rot of Intercropped Soybean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Chang ◽  
Huiting Xu ◽  
Li Yan ◽  
Dan Zhu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Fusarium Species ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rhizosphere Microbial Community

Abstract BackgroundThe dynamic of soil-borne disease is closely related to the rhizosphere microbial communities. Maize-soybean intercropping can suppress soybean root rot as compared to monoculture. However, it is still unknown whether rhizosphere microbial community participates in the regulation of intercropped soybean root rot.MethodsIn this study, the difference of rhizosphere Fusarium and Trichoderma community was compared between healthy or root-rotted soybean rhizosphere soil from soybean monoculture and maize-soybean intercropping, and the inhibitory effect of potential biocontrol Trichoderma against pathogenic Fusarium were examined.ResultsThe abundance of rhizosphere Fusarium was remarkably different between intercropping and monoculture, while Trichoderma was largely accumulated in healthy rhizosphere soil of intercropping rather than monoculture. Four rhizosphere Fusarium species identified were all pathogenic to soybean but displayed distinct composition and isolation proportion in the corresponding soil types. As the dominant and most aggressive species, F. oxysporum was more frequently isolated in diseased soil of monoculture. Furthermore, of three Trichoderma species identified, T. harzianum dramatically increased in the rhizosphere of intercropping rather than monoculture as compared to T. virens and T. afroharzianum. For in-vitro antagonism test, Trichoderma strains had antagonistic effects on F. oxysporum with the percentage of mycelial inhibition ranging of 50.59%-92.94%, and they displayed good mycoparasitic abilities against F. oxysporum through coiling around and entering into the hyphae, expanding along cell-cell lumen and even dissolving cell walls of target fungus.ConclusionThese results indicate maize-soybean intercropping significantly increase the density and composition proportion of beneficial Trichoderma to antagonist the pathogenic Fusarium species, thus contributing to the suppression of soybean root rot under intercropping.

scholarly journals 4-Ethylphenol, A Volatile Organic Compound Produced by Disease-Resistant Soybean, Is a Potential Botanical Agrochemical Against Oomycetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Ge ◽  
Wenteng Gao ◽  
Changhui Liang ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Soybean Root ◽  
Volatile Organic

Oomycetes, represented by Phytophthora, are seriously harmful to agricultural production, resulting in a decline in grain quality and agricultural products and causing great economic losses. Integrated management of oomycete diseases is becoming more challenging, and plant derivatives represent effective alternatives to synthetic chemicals as novel crop protection solutions. Biologically active secondary metabolites are rapidly synthesized and released by plants in response to biotic stress caused by herbivores or insects, as well as pathogens. In this study, we identified groups of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from soybean plants inoculated with Phytophthora sojae, the causal agent of soybean root rot. 4-Ethylphenol was present among the identified VOCs and was induced in the incompatible interaction between the plants and the pathogen. 4-Ethylphenol inhibited the growth of P. sojae and Phytophthora nicotianae and had toxicity to sporangia formation and zoospore germination by destroying the pathogen cell membrane; it had a good control effect on soybean root rot and tobacco black shank in the safe concentration range. Furthermore, 4-Ethylphenol had a potent antifungal activity against three soil-borne phytopathogenic fungi, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium graminearum, and Gaeumannomyces graminis var tritici, and four forma specialis of Fusarium oxysporum, which suggest a potential to be an eco-friendly biological control agent.

scholarly journals Development of a Simple Hydroponic Assay to Study Vertical and Horizontal Resistance of Soybean and Pathotypes of Phytophthora sojae

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lebreton ◽  
C. Labbé ◽  
M. De Ronne ◽  
A. G. Xue ◽  
G. Marchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Horizontal Resistance ◽  
Phytophthora Root Rot ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Vertical Resistance

Phytophthora root rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most damaging diseases of soybean and the introgression of Rps (Resistance to P. sojae) genes into elite soybean lines is arguably the best way to manage this disease. Current bioassays to phenotype the gene-for-gene relationship are hampered with respect to reproducibility and long-term stability of isolates, and do not accurately predict horizontal resistance individually. The aim of our study was to investigate a new way of phenotyping P. sojae isolates and vertical and horizontal resistance in soybean that relies on zoospores inoculated directly into a hydroponic system. Inoculation of P. sojae isolates against a set of eight differentials accurately and reproducibly identified pathotypes over a period of two years. When applied to test vertical resistance of soybean lines with known and unknown Rps genes, the bioassay relied on plant dry weight to correctly identify all genes. In addition, simultaneous inoculations of three P. sojae isolates, collectively carrying eight major virulence factors against 64 soybean lines with known and unknown levels of horizontal resistance, separated the plants into five distinct groups of root rot, allowing the discrimination of lines with various degrees of partial resistance. Based on those results, this bioassay offers several advantages in facilitating efforts in breeding soybean for P. sojae resistance and in identifying virulence factors in P. sojae.

scholarly journals Dispersion of the soybean root rot by Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Salgado-Neto ◽  
Marcos André Braz Vaz ◽  
Jerson Vanderlei Carús Guedes ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Elena Blume ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals Occurrence of Soybean Root Rot Caused by Pratylenchus coffeae in Henan Province, China

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 1435-1435
Author(s):  
Y. Li ◽  
S. Wang ◽  
Y.-K. Liu ◽  
Q.-S. Lu ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Henan Province ◽  
Pratylenchus Coffeae ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals GmBTB/POZ promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of LHP1 to regulate the response of soybean to Phytophthora sojae

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanzhong Zhang ◽  
Qun Cheng ◽  
Huiyu Wang ◽  
Hong Gao ◽  
Xin Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Nuclear Protein ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Downstream Target Gene ◽  
Transgenic Lines

AbstractPhytophthora sojae is a pathogen that causes stem and root rot in soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.). We previously demonstrated that GmBTB/POZ, a BTB/POZ domain-containing nuclear protein, enhances resistance to P. sojae in soybean, via a process that depends on salicylic acid (SA). Here, we demonstrate that GmBTB/POZ associates directly with soybean LIKE HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1 (GmLHP1) in vitro and in vivo and promotes its ubiquitination and degradation. Both overexpression and RNA interference analysis of transgenic lines demonstrate that GmLHP1 negatively regulates the response of soybean to P. sojae by reducing SA levels and repressing GmPR1 expression. The WRKY transcription factor gene, GmWRKY40, a SA-induced gene in the SA signaling pathway, is targeted by GmLHP1, which represses its expression via at least two mechanisms (directly binding to its promoter and impairing SA accumulation). Furthermore, the nuclear localization of GmLHP1 is required for the GmLHP1-mediated negative regulation of immunity, SA levels and the suppression of GmWRKY40 expression. Finally, GmBTB/POZ releases GmLHP1-regulated GmWRKY40 suppression and increases resistance to P. sojae in GmLHP1-OE hairy roots. These findings uncover a regulatory mechanism by which GmBTB/POZ-GmLHP1 modulates resistance to P. sojae in soybean, likely by regulating the expression of downstream target gene GmWRKY40.

Detached-petiole inoculation method to evaluate Phytophthora root rot resistance in soybean plants

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Yinping Li ◽  
Suli Sun ◽  
Chao Zhong ◽  
Zhendong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Phytophthora Sojae ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Phytophthora Root Rot ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Inoculation Technique ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
F2 Population ◽  
Soybean Resistance

Phytophthora root rot (PRR) caused by Phytophthora sojae, is one of the most destructive soybean diseases. The deployment of resistant cultivars is an important disease management strategy. To this aim, the development of a fast and effective method to evaluate soybean resistance to P. sojae is strategic. In this study, a detached-petiole inoculation technique was developed and its reliability was verified in soybean cultivars and segregant populations for PRR resistance. The detached-petiole and hypocotyl inoculation methods were used to assess the resistance of soybean cultivars, the F2 population of a Zhonghuang47 × Xiu94-11 cross, and the derived F2:3 population. The reactions of 13 analysed cultivars to three P. sojae isolates were consistent between the two inoculation techniques. The reactions of the F2 and F2:3 populations to isolate PsMC1 were 95.20% similar between the two inoculation methods. The segregation of the resistance and susceptibility fit a 3 : 1 ratio. Our results suggest that the detached-petiole technique is a reliable method, and reveal that the PRR resistance in Xiu94-11 is controlled by a single dominant gene. The phenotypic ratios of the tested Jikedou2 × Qichadou1 F2 population using the detached-petiole inoculation technique fit a 3 : 1 ratio (Resistance : Susceptibility). This demonstrated that Qichadou1 contains a single dominant gene conferring resistance to P. sojae. Our new detached-petiole inoculation technique is effective, reliable, non-destructive to the plant, and does not require an excessive amount of seeds. It may be suitable for the largescale screening of soybean resistance to multiple P. sojae isolates.

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