In vitro antiviral activity of phlorotannins isolated from Ecklonia cava against porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus infection and hemagglutination

Organic acid and essential oils (EOs), well-known antimicrobials, could also possess antiviral activity, a characteristic which has not been completely addressed up to now. In this study, the effect of two organic acids (formic acid and sodium salt of coconut fatty acid distillates) and two single EO compounds (thymol and cinnamaldehye) was evaluated against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). The concentration used for each compound was established by cytotoxicity assays in Vero cells. The antiviral activity was then evaluated at three multiplicities of infection (MOIs) through visual cytopathic effect (CPE) evaluation and an alamarBlue assay as well as real-time reverse-transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and viral titration of cell supernatants. Formic acid at at a dose of 1,200 ppm was the only compound which showed antiviral activity, with a weak reduction of CPE caused by PEDV. Through the alamarBlue fluorescence assay, we showed a significant anti-CPE effect of formic acid which could not be observed by using an inverted optical microscope. RT-qPCR and infectivity analysis also showed that formic acid significantly reduced viral RNA and viral titers in a PEDV MOI-dependent manner. Our results suggest that the antiviral activity of formic acid could be associated to its inhibitory effect on viral replication. Further studies are required to explore the anti-PEDV activity of formic acid under field conditions alone or together with other antiviral agents.

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In vitro antiviral activity of Griffithsin against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-019-01633-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 174-181 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lan Li ◽

Xiaoming Yu ◽

Haoming Zhang ◽

Haiwei Cheng ◽

Liting Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

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Antiviral activity of portulaca oleracea L. extracts against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by partial suppression on myd88/NF-κb activation in vitro

Microbial Pathogenesis ◽

10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104832 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104832

Author(s):

Yueyue Liu ◽

Lu Zhao ◽

Yunhui Xie ◽

Zhi Chen ◽

Shifa Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Partial Suppression ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea

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Prospects for the Use of Combined Lysozyme Drugs in COVID-19

Effective Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.33978/2307-3586-2021-17-24-12-17 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (24) ◽

pp. 12-17

Author(s):

A.V. Gorelov ◽

◽

D.V. Usenko ◽

L.P. Antonova ◽

L.I. Kozlovskaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Cetylpyridinium Chloride ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Antiviral Effect ◽

Local Immunity ◽

Culture Studies ◽

Gradual Accumulation ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

The Moment

According to statistics, 81% of cases of COVID-19 coronavirus infection occur in a mild or moderate form. These patients make up the main part of the flow of calls to a general practitioner at the moment. The difficulties that therapists face during a pandemic are associated with finding the optimal therapy for the disease due to the gradual accumulation of knowledge about a new RNA-containing virus. The article presents the data of a study of the antiviral activity of the drug Lysobact Complete® in vitro on a Vero cell culture. Studies of previous years confirm the antiviral, anti-inflammatory, strengthening local immunity effect of lysozyme hydrochloride, the antiviral effect of cetylpyridinium chloride, both are the components of the drug Lysobact Complete® dosed spray for topical use. This in vitro study confirmed the antiviral activity of the drug on the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which makes its use promising in complex therapy of patients with COVID-19. The theoretical justification of the practical use of the drug is given. The authors hope that the research data will be useful to doctors when providing medical care to patients with COVID-19

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Caerin1.1 Suppresses the Growth of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus In Vitro via Direct Binding to the Virus

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v10090507 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 507 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nan Guo ◽

Bingzhou Zhang ◽

Han Hu ◽

Shiyi Ye ◽

Fangzhou Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus ◽

Antiviral Drug ◽

Vero Cells ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Diarrhea Virus ◽

Direct Binding ◽

Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea ◽

And Control

Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) has re-emerged in recent years and has already caused huge economic losses to the porcine industry all over the world. Therefore, it is urgent for us to find out efficient ways to prevent and control this disease. In this study, the antiviral activity of a cationic amphibian antimicrobial peptide Caerin1.1 against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) was evaluated by an in vitro system using Vero cells. We found that even at a very low concentration, Caerin1.1 has the ability to destroy the integrity of the virus particles to block the release of the viruses, resulting in a considerable decrease in PEDV infections. In addition, Caerin1.1 showed powerful antiviral activity without interfering with the binding progress between PEDV and the receptor of the cells, therefore, it could be used as a potential antiviral drug or as a microbicide compound for prevention and control of PEDV.

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Sulforaphane exhibits in vitro and in vivo antiviral activity against pandemic SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal HCoV-OC43 coronaviruses

10.1101/2021.03.25.437060 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Alvaro A. Ordonez ◽

C. Korin Bullen ◽

Andres F. Villabona-Rueda ◽

Elizabeth A. Thompson ◽

Mitchell L. Turner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

T Cell Activation ◽

Cell Activation ◽

Immune Cell ◽

Nutritional Supplement ◽

Upper Respiratory Tract ◽

Health Crisis ◽

Coronavirus Infection

AbstractSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has incited a global health crisis. Currently, there are no orally available medications for prophylaxis for those exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and limited therapeutic options for those who develop COVID-19. We evaluated the antiviral activity of sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring, orally available, well-tolerated, nutritional supplement present in high concentrations in cruciferous vegetables with limited side effects. SFN inhibited in vitro replication of four strains of SARS-CoV-2 as well as that of the seasonal coronavirus HCoV-OC43. Further, SFN and remdesivir interacted synergistically to inhibit coronavirus infection in vitro. Prophylactic administration of SFN to K18-hACE2 mice prior to intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection significantly decreased the viral load in the lungs and upper respiratory tract and reduced lung injury and pulmonary pathology compared to untreated infected mice. SFN treatment diminished immune cell activation in the lungs, including significantly lower recruitment of myeloid cells and a reduction in T cell activation and cytokine production. Our results suggest that SFN is a promising treatment for prevention of coronavirus infection or treatment of early disease.

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Local antiviral activity of the drug «Thymogen®», nasal dosed spray, against SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in vitro

Antibiotics and Chemotherapy ◽

10.37489/0235-2990-2021-66-5-6-11-16 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 66 (5-6) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

I. A. Leneva ◽

V. S. Smirnov ◽

T. A. Kudryavtseva ◽

E. B. Fayzuloev ◽

A. V. Gracheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

Virus Titer ◽

Vero Cells ◽

Urgent Problem ◽

Route Of Transmission ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

Poor Ventilation ◽

Restrictive Measures

On account of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global pharmaceutical industry has achieved impressive results in the development and introduction of various types of vaccines causing the formation of acquired immunity against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus into clinical practice. However, none of them currently show the declared one hundred percent guarantee of protection. In the case of the COVID-19 disease, patients with concomitant pathologies are the most vulnerable to the occurrence of severe complications. The aerosol route of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 contributes to the emergence of outbreaks of the new coronavirus infection in crowded places and closed rooms with poor ventilation. In this regard, an urgent problem is the search for drugs with local antiviral activity, which, together with restrictive measures and mask wearing policy, can potentially reduce the likelihood of contracting coronavirus. In this experimental in vitro study on Vero CCL81 cell culture (ATCC), the local antiviral activity of the drug Thymogen® spray against the SARS-CoV-2 virus was studied in comparison with the antiseptic Miramistin® solution. As a result of the experiment, no toxic effects on Vero cells were detected in the drugs in the studied concentrations. In a series of experiments, Thymogen® spray showed local antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 when the virus titer was 5,2 lg TCID50. Therefore, the drug Thymogen® dosed nasal spray has high potential as a topical drug for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease, which requires additional confirmation in relevant clinical studies.

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Some Mushrooms from Turkey

International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms ◽

10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2018025468 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 201-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hasan Hüseyin Doğan ◽

Sami Karagöz ◽

Rüstem Duman

Keyword(s):

Antiviral Activity ◽

In Vitro Evaluation

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Preliminary Anti-Coxsackie Activity of Novel 1-[4-(5,6-dimethyl(H)- 1H(2H)-benzotriazol-1(2)-yl)phenyl]-3-alkyl(aryl)ureas

Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573406416666191226142744 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 677-688 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sandra Piras ◽

Paola Corona ◽

Roberta Ibba ◽

Federico Riu ◽

Gabriele Murineddu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Disease ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Immunocompromised Patients ◽

Human Pathogen ◽

Alkyl Aryl ◽

Dna Viruses ◽

Coxsackievirus B ◽

Selective Activity

Background: Coxsackievirus infections are associated with cases of aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, and some chronic disease. Methods: A series of benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1(2)-yl derivatives (here named benzotriazol-1(2)-yl) (4a-i, 5a-h, 6a-e, g, i, j and 7a-f, h-j) were designed, synthesized and in vitro evaluated for cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against two important human enteroviruses (HEVs) members of the Picornaviridae family [Coxsackievirus B 5 (CVB-5) and Poliovirus 1 (Sb-1)]. Results: Compounds 4c (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 9 μM), 5g (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 8 μM), and 6a (CC50 >100 μM; EC50 = 10 μM) were found active against CVB-5. With the aim of evaluating the selectivity of action of this class of compounds, a wide spectrum of RNA (positive- and negativesense), double-stranded (dsRNA) or DNA viruses were also assayed. For none of them, significant antiviral activity was determined. Conclusion: These results point towards a selective activity against CVB-5, an important human pathogen that causes both acute and chronic diseases in infants, young children, and immunocompromised patients.

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