scholarly journals Influence of Substrate Stiffness and Thickness and Anisotropic Cell Traction Forces on Cell Behavior

2013 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 479a
Author(s):  
Srikanth Raghavan ◽  
Aravind R. Rammohan ◽  
Martial Hervy ◽  
Magadalena Stolarska
Keyword(s):  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

Simplifying Cell Traction Forces Using Fibronectin Patterned Polyacrylamide Gels

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel R. Polio ◽  
Katheryn E. Rothenberg ◽  
Dimitrije Stamenović ◽  
Michael L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cell Shape ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Adhesion Sites ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
A Cell ◽  
And Function

Cells inhabit highly dynamic environments which greatly influence cell behavior. One of the ways in which a cell interacts with its environment is through its membrane by focal adhesion complexes. These protein complexes form an intermediary between the cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Tension generated within the contractile cytoskeleton results in cellular traction forces (CTFs) at the adhesion sites, which can greatly affect cell shape, adhesion, and function (1).

Video-microscopic measurement of cell-substratum traction forces generated by locomoting keratocytes

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 188-189
Author(s):  
Tim Oliver ◽  
Michelle Leonard ◽  
Juliet Lee ◽  
Akira Ishihara ◽  
Ken Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Silicone Rubber ◽  
Molecular Motors ◽  
Video Frame ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Latex Beads ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Local Cell ◽  
Microscopic Measurement ◽  
Kinetics Of

We are using video-enhanced light microscopy to investigate the pattern and magnitude of forces that fish keratocytes exert on flexible silicone rubber substrata. Our goal is a clearer understanding of the way molecular motors acting through the cytoskeleton co-ordinate their efforts into locomotion at cell velocities up to 1 μm/sec. Cell traction forces were previously observed as wrinkles(Fig.l) in strong silicone rubber films by Harris.(l) These forces are now measureable by two independant means.In the first of these assays, weakly crosslinked films are made, into which latex beads have been embedded.(Fig.2) These films report local cell-mediated traction forces as bead displacements in the plane of the film(Fig.3), which recover when the applied force is released. Calibrated flexible glass microneedles are then used to reproduce the translation of individual beads. We estimate the force required to distort these films to be 0.5 mdyne/μm of bead movement. Video-frame analysis of bead trajectories is providing data on the relative localisation, dissipation and kinetics of traction forces.

scholarly journals Cell Traction Forces Direct Fibronectin Matrix Assembly

2009 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 729-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Lemmon ◽  
Christopher S. Chen ◽  
Lewis H. Romer
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Assembly ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Fibronectin Matrix ◽  
Cell Traction

scholarly journals Dissipation of contractile forces: the missing piece in cell mechanics

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1825-1832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Kurzawa ◽  
Benoit Vianay ◽  
Fabrice Senger ◽  
Timothée Vignaud ◽  
Laurent Blanchoin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Mechanics ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
Force Transmission ◽  
Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction Forces ◽  
Cell Traction ◽  
Contractile Forces ◽  
Fiber Contraction

Mechanical forces are key regulators of cell and tissue physiology. The basic molecular mechanism of fiber contraction by the sliding of actin filament upon myosin leading to conformational change has been known for decades. The regulation of force generation at the level of the cell, however, is still far from elucidated. Indeed, the magnitude of cell traction forces on the underlying extracellular matrix in culture is almost impossible to predict or experimentally control. The considerable variability in measurements of cell-traction forces indicates that they may not be the optimal readout to properly characterize cell contractile state and that a significant part of the contractile energy is not transferred to cell anchorage but instead is involved in actin network dynamics. Here we discuss the experimental, numerical, and biological parameters that may be responsible for the variability in traction force production. We argue that limiting these sources of variability and investigating the dissipation of mechanical work that occurs with structural rearrangements and the disengagement of force transmission is key for further understanding of cell mechanics.

scholarly journals Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2329-2337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Xing Chen ◽  
Ying Wang ◽  
Meng-Nan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Cell Behavior ◽  
Cell Alignment ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Elastic Deformations ◽  
L929 Cells ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Cell Substrate ◽  
Influence Of Substrate

The stiffness and the topography of the substrate at the cell–substrate interface are two key properties influencing cell behavior. In this paper, atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) is used to investigate the influence of substrate stiffness and substrate topography on the responses of L929 fibroblasts. This combined nondestructive technique is able to characterize materials at high lateral resolution. To produce substrates of tunable stiffness and topography, we imprint nanostripe patterns on undeveloped and developed SU-8 photoresist films using electron-beam lithography (EBL). Elastic deformations of the substrate surfaces and the cells are revealed by AFAM. Our results show that AFAM is capable of imaging surface elastic deformations. By immunofluorescence experiments, we find that the L929 cells significantly elongate on the patterned stiffness substrate, whereas the elasticity of the pattern has only little effect on the spreading of the L929 cells. The influence of the topography pattern on the cell alignment and morphology is even more pronounced leading to an arrangement of the cells along the nanostripe pattern. Our method is useful for the quantitative characterization of cell–substrate interactions and provides guidance for the tissue regeneration therapy in biomedicine.

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