Genetic diversity and structure of the noxious alien grass Praxelis clematidea in southern China

Investigation of genetic diversity and the relationships among varieties and breeding lines is of great importance to facilitate parental selection in the development of inbred and hybrid rice varieties and in the construction of heterotic groups. The technology of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is being advanced for the assessment of population diversity and genetic structures. We characterized 215 widely cultivated indica rice varieties developed in southern China and at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) using IRRI-developed SNP oligonucleotide pooled assay (OPA) to provide grouping information of rice mega-varieties for further heterotic pool study. The results revealed that the Chinese varieties were more divergent than the IRRI varieties. Two major subpopulations were clustered for the varieties using a model-based grouping method. The IRRI varieties were closely grouped and separated clearly from the majority of the Chinese varieties. The Chinese varieties were subclustered into three subgroups, but there was no clear evidence to separate the Chinese varieties into subgroups geographically, indicating a great degree of genetic integration of alleles and shared ancestries among those high-yielding modern varieties.

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ISSR Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Structure of Plum Varieties Cultivated in Southern China

Biology ◽

10.3390/biology8010002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 2 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Weifeng Wu ◽

Faxing Chen ◽

Kaiwun Yeh ◽

Jianjun Chen

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Population Structure ◽

Genetic Relationship ◽

Phylogenetic Trees ◽

Southern China ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Relationship Analysis ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Plum Varieties ◽

Index Value

Plums (Prunus spp.) are important deciduous fruit crops in the world. China is a major producer of P. salicina Lindl., but the genetic relationship of Chinese plums in key production regions remain unclear. In this study, 14 University of British Columbia (UBC) inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers were used to analyze 33 plum varieties cultivated in Fujian Province to determine their genetic diversity and population structure. A total of 146 bands were generated, of which 130 were polymorphic. Mean percentage of polymorphic bands was 89.04%, Shannon’s information index value was 0.38, and the Nei’s genetic index value was 0.24. Using unrooted trees (Neighbor-Joining method), 33 varieties were classified into four groups. Split graph separated them into two major groups, each with two subgroups. The two phylogenetic trees indicate that environmental or natural selection pressure is an important factor influencing their genetic relationship. Analysis of population structure revealed that they have frequent genetic exchanges among closed subpopulations; thus, genetic variation mainly occurs within the population. Additionally, based on the phylogenetic analysis and unique morphological characteristics of fruits, we propose that the Chinese landrace Nai could contribute significantly to development of the famous variety Wickson.

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Genetic diversity and population structure of Plasmodium falciparum in Nigeria: insights from microsatellite loci analysis

Malaria Journal ◽

10.1186/s12936-021-03734-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fehintola V. Ajogbasile ◽

Adeyemi T. Kayode ◽

Paul E. Oluniyi ◽

Kazeem O. Akano ◽

Jessica N. Uwanibe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Population Structure ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Population Diversity ◽

Parasite Population ◽

Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Public Health Burden ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

Abstract Background Malaria remains a public health burden especially in Nigeria. To develop new malaria control and elimination strategies or refine existing ones, understanding parasite population diversity and transmission patterns is crucial. Methods In this study, characterization of the parasite diversity and structure of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from 633 dried blood spot samples in Nigeria was carried out using 12 microsatellite loci of P. falciparum. These microsatellite loci were amplified via semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and fragments were analysed using population genetic tools. Results Estimates of parasite genetic diversity, such as mean number of different alleles (13.52), effective alleles (7.13), allelic richness (11.15) and expected heterozygosity (0.804), were high. Overall linkage disequilibrium was weak (0.006, P < 0.001). Parasite population structure was low (Fst: 0.008–0.105, AMOVA: 0.039). Conclusion The high level of parasite genetic diversity and low population structuring in this study suggests that parasite populations circulating in Nigeria are homogenous. However, higher resolution methods, such as the 24 SNP barcode and whole genome sequencing, may capture more specific parasite genetic signatures circulating in the country. The results obtained can be used as a baseline for parasite genetic diversity and structure, aiding in the formulation of appropriate therapeutic and control strategies in Nigeria.

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Genetic diversity and structure of the endemic and endangered species Aristolochia delavayi growing along the Jinsha River

Plant Diversity ◽

10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Long Yu ◽

Hui-Chun Wang ◽

Zhi-Xiang Yu ◽

Johann Schinnerl ◽

Rong Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Endangered Species ◽

Jinsha River ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure

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Genetic diversity of the extremely rare Habenaria dentata and the rare Habenaria linearifolia (Orchidaceae) in South Korea: implications for population history and conservation

Plant Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.5091/plecevo.2018.1366 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 151 (1) ◽

pp. 48-60

Author(s):

Mi Yoon Chung ◽

Hoa Thi Quynh Le ◽

Sungwon Son ◽

Huai Zhen Tian ◽

Myong Gi Chung

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Southern China ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Population History ◽

Population Variation ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Ancestral Population ◽

Allozyme Diversity ◽

Glacial Origin

Background and aims – Since historical events often leave an indelible mark on levels of genetic diversity of plant populations, one may indirectly infer their evolutionary history with the help of current patterns of genetic diversity. The terrestrial orchid Habenaria dentata, an element of warm-temperate/subtropical vegetation, reaches its northernmost limits in the Korean Peninsula, and thus it is extremely rare there. As H. dentata was absent from the Peninsula during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), it is likely to be of post-glacial origin having arrived from either a single refugium or multiple refugia. However, its rare, temperate/boreal congener H. linearifolia might have persisted in situ in either macrorefugia or microrefugia on the Peninsula during the LGM.Methods – To test which hypothesis is most appropriate for each species, we investigated levels of allozyme-based (17 loci) genetic diversity and population genetic structure in the two only known populations of H. dentata and in 12 populations of H. linearifolia.Key results – No allozyme diversity was found in H. dentata (He = 0.000), whereas H. linearifolia exhibited low within-population variation (He = 0.060) and high among-population differentiation (FST = 0.237). We found little association between populations in relation to their geographic location; several populations presented individuals belonging to different clusters.Conclusions – Our results suggest that H. dentata likely originated from a single ancestral population (perhaps from southern Japan or southern China) through post-glacial dispersal, whereas H. linearifolia probably survived the LGM in situ in microrefugia situated at low to mid-elevated regions. We further suggest that separate conservation strategies for each species should be employed, given that the two taxa have different ecological and demographic traits and harbour different levels of genetic diversity.

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Potential effects of climate change on the Chinese Bulbul (Pycnontus sinensis) in China

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-014-0452-y ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 69 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Longying Wen ◽

Huigen He ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Jimmy Gorimar ◽

Mark Liu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Genetic Diversity ◽

Literature Review ◽

Range Expansion ◽

Human Disturbance ◽

Southern China ◽

Distribution Range ◽

Population Increase ◽

Increased Temperature

AbstractThe Chinese Bulbul (Pycnontus sinensis) has an extensive distribution throughout southern China. Investigators have reported that the species has expanded its distribution range northward since 1995. We performed a literature review and analysis to examine the relationships between the range expansion of the species and the changes of climate and habitat. We found that the northward range expansion was associated with the increased temperature and human created habitat. We believe that the combination of the increased temperature and the ability to utilize human created habitat while maintaining genetic diversity resulted in the population increase and range expansion of the species. We suggest that increased temperature and human disturbance could lead to evolutionary and distributional changes of some species such as the Chinese Bulbul, therefore possibly making these species indicators of climate change.

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