Removal of dissolved organic matter in municipal effluent with ozonation, slow sand filtration and nanofiltration as high quality pre-treatment option for artificial groundwater recharge

Chemosphere ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Linlin ◽  
Zhao Xuan ◽  
Zhang Meng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Artificial Groundwater Recharge ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration ◽  
Municipal Effluent ◽  
Pre Treatment

Treatment of Groundwater with Slow Sand Filtration

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hatva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Purification Process ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Full Scale Tests ◽  
Iron Manganese

The purification process and techniques of the slow sand filtration method for treatment of groundwater was studied on the basis of pilot plant and full scale tests and studies of waterworks, to obtain guidelines for construction and maintenance. The purification process consists in general of two principal phases which are pre-treatment and slow sand filtration. Both are biological filters. The main purpose of the pre-treatment is to reduce the iron content of raw water, in order to slow down the clogging of the slow sand filters. Different types of biofilters have proved very effective in the pre-treatment phase, with reduction of total iron from 50 % to over 80 %. During the treatment, the oxidation reduction conditions gradually change becoming suitable for chemical and biological precipitation of iron, manganese and for oxidation of ammonium. Suitable environmental conditions are crucial in the oxidation of manganese and ammonium which, according to these studies, mainly occurs in slow sand filters, at the end of the process. Low water temperature in winter does not seem to prevent the biological activities connected with the removal of iron, manganese and ammonium, the chief properties necessitating treatment of groundwater in Finland.

scholarly journals Natural organic matter removal by ion exchange at different positions in the drinking water treatment lane

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Grefte ◽  
M. Dignum ◽  
E. R. Cornelissen ◽  
L. C. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Biological Stability ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration

Abstract. To guarantee a good water quality at the customers tap, natural organic matter (NOM) should be (partly) removed during drinking water treatment. The objective of this research was to improve the biological stability of the produced water by incorporating anion exchange (IEX) for NOM removal. Different placement positions of IEX in the treatment lane (IEX positioned before coagulation, before ozonation or after slow sand filtration) and two IEX configurations (MIEX® and fluidized IEX (FIX)) were compared on water quality as well as costs. For this purpose the pre-treatment plant at Loenderveen and production plant Weesperkarspel of Waternet were used as a case study. Both, MIEX® and FIX were able to remove NOM (mainly the HS fraction) to a high extent. NOM removal can be done efficiently before ozonation and after slow sand filtration. The biological stability, in terms of assimilable organic carbon, biofilm formation rate and dissolved organic carbon, was improved by incorporating IEX for NOM removal. The operational costs were assumed to be directly dependent of the NOM removal rate and determined the difference between the IEX positions. The total costs for IEX for the three positions were approximately equal (0.0631 € m−3), however the savings on following treatment processes caused a cost reduction for the IEX positions before coagulation and before ozonation compared to IEX positioned after slow sand filtration. IEX positioned before ozonation was most cost effective and improved the biological stability of the treated water.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration membranes in managed aquifer recharge systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1534-1545
Author(s):  
K. Hägg ◽  
T. Persson ◽  
O. Söderman ◽  
K. M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Hollow Fiber Membrane ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Aquifer Recharge ◽  
Artificial Groundwater Recharge ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Direct Precipitation ◽  
Net Flux ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract The natural organic matter (NOM) and color content of surface waters are increasingly becoming an issue for artificial groundwater recharge plants. Water from Lake Bolmen, in southern Sweden, had in 2017 an annual average NOM and color content of 8.6 mg/L total organic carbon (TOC) and 57 mg Pt/L respectively, and values ranging from 7.8 to 9.6 mg/L TOC and 50–70 mg Pt/L. Since water from Lake Bolmen will be used at Vomb Water Works, an artificial groundwater recharge plant, the high NOM-content of Lake Bolmen must be reduced prior to aquifer recharge. From experiences of full-scale operations of chemical flocculation, lamella sedimentation and rapid sand filtration using ferric chloride, three different pre-treatment methods were proposed; conventional precipitation, stand-alone direct precipitation before ultrafiltration (UF), and conventional precipitation with ultrafiltration after lamella sedimentation. In this study, a hollow fiber membrane (MWCO of 150 kDa) was used in different configurations during a 15 months pilot trial. The results showed the possibility to reduce NOM equal to conventional precipitation when a stable net-flux of 40 and 70 L/(m2· h) was used for direct precipitation before UF and conventional precipitation with UF, respectively. This paper presents these treatment methods and evaluates their viability as full-scale treatment steps.

Assessment of a roughing filtration as a pre-treatment for slow sand filtration of canal water with highly variable feed water turbidity

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 221-227
Author(s):  
Mohammad Yassin ◽  
Nidal Mahmoud ◽  
Kebreab Ghebremichael ◽  
Branislav Petrusevski
Keyword(s):  
Feed Water ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Water Turbidity ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration ◽  
Pre Treatment

Removing Natural Organic Matter by Conventional Slow Sand Filtration

1992 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 80-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Robin Collins ◽  
T. Taylor Eighmy ◽  
James M. Fenstermacher ◽  
Stergios K. Spanos
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Slow Sand Filtration

Comparison of sand and membrane filtration as non-chemical pre-treatment strategies for pesticide removal with nanofiltration/low pressure reverse osmosis membranes

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 532-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof P. Kowalski ◽  
Henrik T. Madsen ◽  
Erik G. Søgaard
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Sand Filtration ◽  
Sand Filter ◽  
Pesticide Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Uf Membranes

Pilot plant investigations of sand and membrane filtration (microfiltration (MF)/ultrafiltration (UF)/nanofiltration (NF)/low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO)) have been performed to treat groundwater polluted with pesticides. The results show that simple treatment, with use of aeration and sand filtration or MF/UF membranes, does not remove pesticides. However, by reducing the content of key foulants, the techniques can be used as a pre-treatment for nanofiltration and low pressure reverse osmosis that has proved to be capable of removing pesticides. It was found that a lower fouling potential could be obtained by using the membranes, but that sand filter was better at removing manganese and dissolved organic matter. The results indicate that combining aeration, sand filtration and membrane techniques might be a good option for pesticide removal without any addition of chemicals and minimized membrane maintenance.

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