Activated carbon stimulates microbial diversity and PAH biodegradation under anaerobic conditions in oil-polluted sediments

The aim of this study is to develop a long lasting, sequential anaerobic/aerobic biological activated carbon barrier. In the biobarrier, pollutant adsorption on granular activated carbon (GAC) and biodegradation occur simultaneously. Trichloroethene (TCE), chlorobenzene (CB), and benzene were used as model pollutants. In the first barrier, that was operated under anaerobic conditions with sucrose and ethanol as auxiliary substrates, TCE was completely converted to lower chlorinated metabolites, predominantly cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE). The reductive dechlorination process was stable for about 300 d, although the concomitant sulphate-reducing and methanogenic processes varied considerably. In the second barrier, that was operated with addition of hydrogen peroxide and nitrate, dechlorination was limited by a lack of oxygen and restricted mainly to CB biodegradation. Additional aerobic batch tests revealed that the metabolites of anaerobic TCE dechlorination, i.e. cis-DCE and vinyl chloride, were oxidatively dechlorinated in the presence of suitable auxiliary substrates such as ethene, CB, benzene, or sucrose and ethanol. During periods of low biological activity, elimination of TCE and CB occurred by adsorption in the GAC barriers. The pre-sorbed pollutants were available for subsequent biodegradation resulting in a bioregeneration of the activated carbon barriers.

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Simulation of groundwater recharge with advanced treated wastewater

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0699 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 33 (10-11) ◽

pp. 409-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joerg E. Drewes ◽

Martin Jekel

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Groundwater Recharge ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Aerobic Conditions ◽

Organic Halogens ◽

Domestic Effluent

Although the quality of the effluents of domestic wastewater treatment plants in Germany is better than in the past, there are still problems using it for groundwater recharge. The problems are caused by substances, which are not or only poorly degradable in the wastewater treatment facility. They can be described by the parameters dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and adsorbable organic halogens (AOX). In a laboratory plant for the simulation of groundwater recharge with advanced treated domestic effluent, various soils were used to differentiate between sorption and biodegradation. Using aquifer material, DOC-reduction by biodegradation was 23 % under aerobic conditions, and 35 % under anaerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions AOX was degraded by 16 % and under anaerobic conditions by 22 %, based on a special cometabolism. Further examinations showed that 60 - 80 % of the remaining DOC was not adsorbable by activated carbon used in drinking water facilities. The AOX in the effluent could be reduced by an activated carbon treatment (PAC) down to 23 μg/L, compared with 48 μg/L in the standard biological treatment. The subgroups AOCl, AOBr and AOI show a different behaviour, with the worst elimination of AOI under aerobic conditions. Nevertheless, after optimization of the modern treatment technologies, this reuse concept for wastewater could be realized in the Berlin region in a near future.

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Reaction of activated carbon zerovalent iron with pentachlorophenol under anaerobic conditions

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.126748 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 126748

Author(s):

Yangmin Ren ◽

Junjun Ma ◽

Yonghyeon Lee ◽

Zhengchang Han ◽

Mingcan Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Zerovalent Iron ◽

Anaerobic Conditions

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Experimental and simulation study of hydrogen sulfide adsorption on impregnated activated carbon under anaerobic conditions

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.081 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 153 (3) ◽

pp. 1193-1200 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Y XIAO ◽

S WANG ◽

D WU ◽

Q YUAN

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Activated Carbon ◽

Simulation Study ◽

Anaerobic Conditions

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Pilot Testing of the Waste Metalworking Fluids Biosorption Treatment

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.843.259 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 843 ◽

pp. 259-262

Author(s):

M.V. Shulaev ◽

I.A. Khramova ◽

V.M. Emelyanov

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Additional Treatment ◽

Metalworking Fluids ◽

Anaerobic Conditions ◽

Industrial Plants ◽

Nutritional Elements ◽

Horizontal Tank ◽

Liquid Wastes ◽

Cooling And Lubrication

Metalworking fluids are liquid wastes of the machines cutting, cooling, and lubrication operations coming in the form of emulsified oil. Waste metalworking fluids in the emulsified form are liberated into the environment through machining wastewater which becomes contaminated with microorganisms and results in a drastic problem of water pollution. To reduce its polluting biosorption the method of treating waste metalworking fluids was employed. An investigation into the anaerobic biological wastewater treatment was conducted for 50 days with the initial sludge dose 2.8 g/l in a horizontal tank with a drum-type mixing device. The results of this study indicate that the existing industrial-activated sludge plant could be used to treat waste MWFs under anaerobic conditions after the additional treatment by fermentation at a temperature of 32-37 оС with nutritional elements input at certain days. The efficiency of biosorption treatment using the granular diatomite as an adsorbent is insignificantly inferior to the system with granular activated carbon SKT-3. So it would be more reasonable to use the diatomite in industrial plants because it is significantly cheaper than the granular activated carbon and there are large quantities available. The COD reduction was significant but to achieve optimum performance further investigation is needed.

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Next-Generation Pyrosequencing Analysis of Microbial Biofilm Communities on Granular Activated Carbon in Treatment of Oil Sands Process-Affected Water

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.04258-14 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 81 (12) ◽

pp. 4037-4048 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

M. Shahinoor Islam ◽

Yanyan Zhang ◽

Kerry N. McPhedran ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Mohamed Gamal El-Din

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Microbial Diversity ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Oil Sands ◽

Granular Activated Carbon ◽

Naphthenic Acids ◽

Gene Copy ◽

Next Generation ◽

Content Type ◽

Depth Analysis

ABSTRACTThe development of biodegradation treatment processes for oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) has been progressing in recent years with the promising potential of biofilm reactors. Previously, the granular activated carbon (GAC) biofilm process was successfully employed for treatment of a large variety of recalcitrant organic compounds in domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study, GAC biofilm microbial development and degradation efficiency were investigated for OSPW treatment by monitoring the biofilm growth on the GAC surface in raw and ozonated OSPW in batch bioreactors. The GAC biofilm community was characterized using a next-generation 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing technique that revealed that the phylumProteobacteriawas dominant in both OSPW and biofilms, with further in-depth analysis showing higher abundances ofAlpha- andGammaproteobacteriasequences. Interestingly, many known polyaromatic hydrocarbon degraders, namely,Burkholderiales,Pseudomonadales,Bdellovibrionales, andSphingomonadales, were observed in the GAC biofilm. Ozonation decreased the microbial diversity in planktonic OSPW but increased the microbial diversity in the GAC biofilms. Quantitative real-time PCR revealed similar bacterial gene copy numbers (>109gene copies/g of GAC) for both raw and ozonated OSPW GAC biofilms. The observed rates of removal of naphthenic acids (NAs) over the 2-day experiments for the GAC biofilm treatments of raw and ozonated OSPW were 31% and 66%, respectively. Overall, a relatively low ozone dose (30 mg of O3/liter utilized) combined with GAC biofilm treatment significantly increased NA removal rates. The treatment of OSPW in bioreactors using GAC biofilms is a promising technology for the reduction of recalcitrant OSPW organic compounds.

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