Sustainable approaches for nickel removal from wastewater using bacterial biomass and nanocomposite adsorbents: A review

Chemosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 132862
Author(s):  
Efaq Noman ◽  
Adel Al-Gheethi ◽  
Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed ◽  
Mohamed Al-Sahari ◽  
Md Sohrab Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Nickel Removal

Biosorption of nickel by Pseudomonas cepacia 120S and Bacillus subtilis 117S

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2994-3007 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Abdel-Monem ◽  
A. H. S. AL-Zubeiry ◽  
A. A. S. AL-Gheethi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Pseudomonas Cepacia ◽  
Biosorption Capacity ◽  
Dead Biomass ◽  
Nickel Uptake ◽  
Nickel Removal

Biosorption of nickel by two bacterial species: Bacillus subtilis 117S and Pseudomonas cepacia 120S was studied. The maximum uptake of nickel was achieved at 234.4 μg Ni2 +  ml−1 by P. cepacia 120S (living and dead biomass) and at 117.2 and 351.6 μg Ni2 +  ml−1 by living and dead biomass of B. subtilis 117S. The increase in biomass concentration has shown an increase in the nickel uptake. The nickel removal increased significantly during contact time from 1 to 8 h then remained constant until 24 h where the equilibrium occurred. Biosorption efficiency of nickel increased with increasing pH from 2 to 7 for living and dead biomass of P. cepacia 120S and B. subtilis 117S. Temperature had an important role in nickel biosorption by both species. The nickel removal by living biomass was significantly disturbed after pretreatment of bacterial biomass with sodium azide, mercuric chloride and formaldehyde. Esterification of carboxyl groups, methylation of amino groups and extraction of lipid fraction of biomass by acetone and benzene significantly reduced the biosorption capacity of nickel. Repeated biosorption and desorption operations exhibited that the biosorption capacity of bacterial biomass regenerated with HNO3 and NaOH as desorbing medium increased significantly in cycle 4 for P. cepacia 120S and B. subtilis 117S. In case of regeneration with HNO3 and distilled water the biosorption capacity increased significantly in cycle 4 for B. subtilis 117S and did not differ significantly from cycle 1 to cycle 4 for P. cepacia 120S. The biosorption capacity of living and dead biomass of B. subtilis 117S and dead biomass of P cepacia 120S (155.5 as compared to 175.6 and 169.8 mg Ni2 +  g−1) was higher than that of sludge, tea and saw dust (148.4, 52.7 and 44.6 mg Ni2 +  g−1).

Contribution of large bacteria to bacterial biomass in a deep freshwater lake (Lake Biwa, Japan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
S Shen ◽  
Y Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Spatial Variations ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Heterotrophic Nanoflagellates ◽  
Bacterial Productivity ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Seasonal And Spatial Variations

Despite the importance of bacterial cell volume in microbial ecology in aquatic environments, literature regarding the effects of seasonal and spatial variations on bacterial cell volume remains scarce. We used transmission electron microscopy to examine seasonal and spatial variations in bacterial cell size for 18 mo in 2 layers (epilimnion 0.5 m and hypolimnion 60 m) of Lake Biwa, Japan, a large and deep freshwater lake. During the stratified period, we found that the bacterial cell volume in the hypolimnion ranged from 0.017 to 0.12 µm3 (median), whereas that in the epilimnion was less variable (0.016 to 0.033 µm3, median) and much lower than that in the hypolimnion. Additionally, in the hypolimnion, cell volume during the stratified period was greater than that during the mixing period (up to 5.7-fold). These differences in cell volume resulted in comparable bacterial biomass in the hypolimnion and epilimnion, despite the fact that there was lower bacterial abundance in the hypolimnion than in the epilimnion. We also found that the biomass of larger bacteria, which are not likely to be grazed by heterotrophic nanoflagellates, increased in the hypolimnion during the stratified period. Our data suggest that estimation of carbon flux (e.g. bacterial productivity) needs to be interpreted cautiously when cell volume is used as a constant parametric value. In deep freshwater lakes, a difference in cell volume with seasonal and spatial variation may largely affect estimations.

Removal of Chromium (VI) From Leachate Using Bacterial Biomass

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 63-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Pun ◽  
Prakash Raut ◽  
Boj Raj Pant
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Scientific World

Scientific World, Vol. 11, No. 11, July 2013, page 63-65 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/sw.v11i11.8554

Prediction of Soluble Nickel Removal by Activated Sludge Using Free Metal Ion Concentrations

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeppe S. Nielsen ◽  
Steve E. Hrudey ◽  
Frederick F. Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Nickel Ion ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Untreated Sewage ◽  
Nickel Uptake ◽  
Nickel Removal ◽  
Free Metal ◽  
Free Metal Ion

Batch isotherm studies using spiked sewage samples containing a range of total soluble nickel concentrations typical of municipal sewage strongly suggested that it is the free (i.e. uncomplexed) nickel ion that is sorbed by activated sludge. Equations relating nickel uptake by activated sludge to free nickel ion concentrations and the extent of complexation in untreated sewage were developed and applied. Predicted and measured nickel removals generally agreed to within ± 30%.

A flux-based stoichiometric model of enhanced biological phosphorus removal metabolism

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 609-613
Author(s):  
J. Pramanik ◽  
P. L. Trelstad ◽  
J. D. Keasling
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Reaction Network ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Stoichiometric Model ◽  
Aerobic Reactor ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Biological Phosphorus

Enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in wastewater treatment involves metabolic cycling through the biopolymers polyphosphate (polyP), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and glycogen. This cycling is induced through treatment systems that alternate between carbon-rich anaerobic and carbon-poor aerobic reactor basins. While the appearance and disappearance of these biopolymers has been documented, the intracellular pressures that regulate their synthesis and degradation are not well understood. Current models of the EBPR process have examined a limited number of metabolic pathways that are frequently lumped into an even smaller number of “reactions.” This work, on the other hand, uses a stoichiometric model that contains a complete set of the pathways involved in bacterial biomass synthesis and energy production to examine EBPR metabolism. Using the stoichiometric model we were able to analyze the role of EBPR metabolism within the larger context of total cellular metabolism, as well as predict the flux distribution of carbon and energy fluxes throughout the total reaction network. The model was able to predict the consumption of PHB, the degradation of polyP, the uptake of acetate and the release of Pi. It demonstrated the relationship between acetate uptake and Pi release, and the effect of pH on this relationship. The model also allowed analysis of growth metabolism with respect to EBPR.

scholarly journals Much ado about nothing? Off-target amplification can lead to false-positive bacterial brain microbiome detection in healthy and Parkinson’s disease individuals

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janis R. Bedarf ◽  
Naiara Beraza ◽  
Hassan Khazneh ◽  
Ezgi Özkurt ◽  
David Baker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Background Recent studies suggested the existence of (poly-)microbial infections in human brains. These have been described either as putative pathogens linked to the neuro-inflammatory changes seen in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or as a “brain microbiome” in the context of healthy patients’ brain samples. Methods Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we tested the hypothesis that there is a bacterial brain microbiome. We evaluated brain samples from healthy human subjects and individuals suffering from PD (olfactory bulb and pre-frontal cortex), as well as murine brains. In line with state-of-the-art recommendations, we included several negative and positive controls in our analysis and estimated total bacterial biomass by 16S rRNA gene qPCR. Results Amplicon sequencing did detect bacterial signals in both human and murine samples, but estimated bacterial biomass was extremely low in all samples. Stringent reanalyses implied bacterial signals being explained by a combination of exogenous DNA contamination (54.8%) and false positive amplification of host DNA (34.2%, off-target amplicons). Several seemingly brain-enriched microbes in our dataset turned out to be false-positive signals upon closer examination. We identified off-target amplification as a major confounding factor in low-bacterial/high-host-DNA scenarios. These amplified human or mouse DNA sequences were clustered and falsely assigned to bacterial taxa in the majority of tested amplicon sequencing pipelines. Off-target amplicons seemed to be related to the tissue’s sterility and could also be found in independent brain 16S rRNA gene sequences. Conclusions Taxonomic signals obtained from (extremely) low biomass samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing must be scrutinized closely to exclude the possibility of off-target amplifications, amplicons that can only appear enriched in biological samples, but are sometimes assigned to bacterial taxa. Sequences must be explicitly matched against any possible background genomes present in large quantities (i.e., the host genome). Using close scrutiny in our approach, we find no evidence supporting the hypothetical presence of either a brain microbiome or a bacterial infection in PD brains.

Evaluation of soil bacterial biomass using environmental DNA extracted by slow-stirring method

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 875-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aoshima ◽  
A. Kimura ◽  
A. Shibutani ◽  
C. Okada ◽  
Y. Matsumiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Relative importance of protozoan functional groups in three marine sublittoral areas

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Fernandez-Leborans
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Important Group ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Density And Biomass ◽  
Protozoan Species ◽  
Significant Factors

The composition in terms of protozoan functional groups of three sublittoral areas (Castro Urdiales, Santoña and Isla) in the Cantabrian Sea was analysed. The different protozoan species were identified, and their density and biomass was measured. The pigmented protozoa were the most important group in the three areas throughout the year, followed by the bacterivores in Castro Urdiales and Santoña, and the non-selectives in Isla. Bacterivores constituted the most significant group in terms of biomass, after which came that of non-selectives. The parameters with the strongest influence on distribution in functional groups (respect to biomass) were pH, phosphate, organic matter and bacterial biomass, other significant factors being salinity, nitrate and mean grain size. Functional groups expressed as number of species were affected principally by phosphate, pH and, to a lesser extent, temperature and salinity. Statistical analysis using the present data, data regarding functional groups from previous studies in the same areas, and data from other areas, indicate that marine areas show similar characteristics. In the areas covered by the present study, there was a decrease in the number of algivore species and a rise in non-selective species, while bacterivores and pigmented protozoa maintained similar values. In comparison, freshwater areas showed noticeably lower percentages of algivore species and a significantly higher number of bacterivore species.

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