scholarly journals A false-positive Trichomonas vaginalis result due to Trichomonas tenax presence in clinical specimens may reveal a possible T. tenax urogenital infection

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Brosh-Nissimov ◽  
M. Hindiyeh ◽  
R. Azar ◽  
G. Smollan ◽  
N. Belausov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Urogenital Infection

scholarly journals Flow microfluorometric system for screening gynecologic cytology specimens using propidium iodide-fluorescein isothiocyanate.

1976 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 322-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Fowlkes ◽  
C J Herman ◽  
M Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Propidium Iodide ◽  
False Positive ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
False Negative ◽  
False Negative Rate ◽  
Fluorescein Isothiocyanate ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Abnormal Cells

Seventy cervical cytology specimens have been screened by a xero resolution flow analyzer-sorter using propidium iodide and fluorescein isothiocyanate as fluorochromes for nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. This system shows a 1% sensitivity for detection of abnormal cells using only crude visual data analysis. Screening of clinical specimens was performed on the instrument with a 5.8% false negative rate and a 11.8% false positive rate by comparison with routine visual cytologic evaluation of the same samples.

Performance of the OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among women in Mysore, India

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnima Madhivanan ◽  
Tan Li ◽  
Stephanie Trammell ◽  
Chirayu Desai ◽  
Vijaya Srinivas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Wet Mount ◽  
Kappa Agreement ◽  
Culture Positive

Background Trichomonas vaginalis is the world’s most common treatable sexually transmissible infection. Currently, wet mount microscopy and syndromic management based on vaginal discharge are the most widely used methods for diagnosing and treating trichomoniasis in resource-constrained settings. Wet mount microscopy requires equipment and trained technicians, who are in short supply. We examined the diagnostic accuracy of the OSOM Trichomonas Rapid Test for detecting T. vaginalis vaginal infection among women in Mysore, India. Methods: During July 2009–August 2010, 450 sexually active women over 18 years seeking care at an urban reproductive health clinic were enrolled in the study. Clinician-collected vaginal swabs were evaluated for trichomonads using wet mount microscopy, InPouch culture and the OSOM test. Results: Of the 418 samples included in the analyses, culture detected 68 (16.3%) positive samples, wet mount microscopy detected 56 of the culture-positive samples and four false positive samples. The OSOM test detected 60 of the culture-positive samples plus two false positive cases. Using the composite reference standard (CRS), defined as wet mount- or culture-positive, the sensitivities of wet mount, the OSOM test and culture were 83.3%, 86.1% and 94.4%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values of the OSOM test were 100% and 97.1% respectively. The Cohen’s kappa agreement between the OSOM test and the CRS was excellent (κ = 0.94). Conclusion: The OSOM test has high sensitivity, excellent specificity, and excellent positive and negative predictive value compared to a CRS. This simple test can improve screening and diagnosis of T. vaginalis infection in resource-constrained settings where microscopy and culture are unavailable.

scholarly journals Galactoxylomannan Does Not Exhibit Cross-Reactivity in the Platelia Aspergillus Enzyme Immunoassay

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 624-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdia De Jesus ◽  
Emily Hackett ◽  
Michelle Durkin ◽  
Patricia Connolly ◽  
Arturo Casadevall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Result ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
False Positive Result ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Cross Reactions

ABSTRACT Given the recent report of a false-positive result in the Platelia Aspergillus enzyme immunoassay in a patient with cryptococcosis and in yeast extracts and purified galactoxylomannan of Cryptococcus neoformans, we evaluated culture extracts, purified polysaccharides, clinical specimens, and specimens from animals following experimental infection. Our results revealed no cross-reactions.

scholarly journals The Immunogenicity and Immunoprotection Identification of Adhesion Protein 65 (AP65) of Trichomonas Vaginalis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenchao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Song ◽  
Zhengbo Zhang ◽  
Haoran Li ◽  
Yujuan Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Adhesion Protein ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Candidate Protein ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Background: Adhering to the epithelial lining along the urogenital track of the host is the prerequisite for Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) to inflict its parasitism and pathogenicity, causing urogenital infection. The AP65 of T. vaginalis (TvAP65) involves in the process of adhesion. So, the present study was aimed at investigating the molecular characterization and vaccine candidacy of TvAP65 for protecting the host from the onset of Trichomoniasis.Methods: The open reading frame (ORF) of TvAP65 was amplified and then inserted into pET-32a (+) to clone recombinant TvAP65 (rTvAP65). The immunoblotting determined the immunogenicity and molecular size of TvAP65, while immunofluorescence staining visualized and the precise localization of TvAP65 in T. vaginalis trophozoites. The animal challenged with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA ) test was used to evaluate the immunoprotection and the types of the immune response of TvAP65.Results: By the sequence analysis, TvAP65 encoded a 63.13 kDa protein that aligned 567 amino acid residues together with a high antigenic index. The western blotting then revealed that rTvAP65 and native TvAP65 could interact with the antibodies in the rat serums post hoc rTvAP65 immunization and the serums from the mice that were experimentally infected with T. vaginalis, respectively. Immunofluorescence stained TvAP65 on the surface of T. vaginalis trophozoites. Moreover, following emulsification with Freund’s adjuvant, rTvAP65 was subsequently administered to BALB/c mice three times at 0, 2, and 4 weeks and the results from this animal challenge experiments showed significant increases in immunoglobulins of IgG2a, IgG1, and IgG, and proinflammatory factors of IFN-γ, and IL-2, and 10. Lastly, rTvAP65 vaccinated animals had a prolonged survival time (26.80 ± 4.05) after challenged by T. vaginalis. Conclusions: TvAP65 mediated the adhesion of T. vaginalis to the host epithelia for the pathogenesis of the parasite and can be considered as a candidate protein for designing a functional vaccine that induces cell-mediated and humoral immunity against the T. vaginalis infection.

scholarly journals False-Positive Diagnostics of Bordetella Pertussis using IS481 PCR is Limited in Danish Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Silje V. Hoegh ◽  
Charlotte N. Agergaard ◽  
Marianne N. Skov ◽  
Michael Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Insertion Sequences ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Background: Bordetella pertussis is routinely detected using real-time PCR based on the multicopy insertion sequence IS481, which is not specific for Bordetella pertussis. Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the proportion of other Bordetella species misidentified as Bordetella pertussis using IS481-targeted real-time PCR. Methods: Clinical specimens from 228 Danish patients (median age 15 years, 0 to 90 years old) formerly identified as positive for Bordetella pertussis (IS481+) by routine PCR in 2011-2015, were subjected to real-time PCR targeting the insertion sequences IS1002 and IS1001. Results: The results showed that 2.3% of the samples were false-positive for Bordetella pertussis. Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that misidentification of Bordetella pertussis using IS481 PCR is limited in Danish patients.

scholarly journals Comparisons between direct microscopic and cultural methods for recognition of Corynebacterium vaginale in women with vaginitis

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 268-272
Author(s):  
R F Smith ◽  
H A Rodgers ◽  
P A Hines ◽  
R M Ray
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Clue Cell

The frequency with which clue cells could be detected in Gram-stained vaginal smears and/or cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smears was compared with the frequency of Corynebacterium vaginale (Haemophilus vaginalis) isolation in a group of 236 female patients, of whom 221 had vaginitis. Vaginal clue cells were found most often in women from whom C. vaginale was isolated (P = 0.00006) whereas, conversely, clue cells in cervical Pap smears were reported more frequently in women with negative cultures for this organism (P = 0.006). C. vaginale isolations were made more frequently from women with both vaginal and cervical clue cells reported (P = 0.000088). However, the combined false positive-false negative vaginal clue cell rate in the patients studied was 36.5%. Neither the detection of vaginal clue cells nor the isolation of C. vaginale was significantly affected by whether or not patients had trichomoniasis (P = 0.25). Trichomonas vaginalis detection in cervical Pap smears and vaginal isolation were related (P = 0.00005), whereas the same relationship was not significant for fungi (P = greater than 0.05).

A combined pseudoreplica-immunocytochemical technique for research and diagnostic virology

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 900-901
Author(s):  
Blayne Fritz ◽  
Stanley J. Naides ◽  
Kenneth Moore
Keyword(s):  
Phosphotungstic Acid ◽  
Immunogold Labelling ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Tissue Sections ◽  
Specimen Retrieval ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Diagnostic Virology

The pseudoreplica method of staining viral particles for visualization by transmission electron microscopy is a very popular technique. The ability to concentrate clinical specimens while semi-embedding viral particles makes it especially well suited for morphologic and diagnostic virology. Immunolabelling viral particles with colloidal gold is a technique frequently employed by both research and diagnostic virologists. We have characterized a procedure which provides the advantage of both by modifying and combining pseudoreplica staining and immunogold labelling.Modification of specimen retrieval and delay of staining allows us to utilize pseudoreplica processed specimens within our standard immunogold labelling protocol. In brief, we absorbed samples onto 2% agarose, added.25% Formvar and wicked dry. We then floated the Formvar-virus film onto double distilled water, added grids and retrieved with parafilm. The Formvar-virus specimens were then treated as thin tissue sections within our standard two stage immunolabelling protocol. Following completion of immunogold labelling; each grid was negatively stained with phosphotungstic acid or uranyl acetate contrast stains.

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