An unconstrained statistical matching algorithm for combining individual and household level geo-specific census and survey data

Abstract In recent decades, qualitative research from across sub-Saharan Africa has shown how young men are often unable to marry because they lack wealth and a stable livelihood. With survey data, researchers have begun to study how men’s economic circumstances are related to when they marry in the continent’s capitals and larger urban centers. However, our understanding of these dynamics outside of large cities remains limited. Drawing on longitudinal survey data, this paper examines how men’s economic standing, both at the individual and household level, relates to their marriage timing in rural and semi-urban communities in the Salima district of Malawi. The findings show that men who have higher earnings, work in agriculture, and come from a household that sold cash crops were more likely to marry. In contrast, students as well as men from households owning a large amount of land were substantially less likely to marry. Additionally, men living in the semi-urban communities were around half as likely to marry as their rural counterparts. This negative association is largely explained by the greater proportion of men who are students in towns and trading centers and also the relatively less agricultural nature of these communities. These findings show the value of considering both individual and family characteristics in studies of marriage timing and also suggest that as sub-Saharan Africa urbanizes, the age of marriage for men will likely rise.

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Perceived and actual risks of drought: household and expert views from the lower Teesta River Basin of northern Bangladesh

Natural Hazards ◽

10.1007/s11069-021-04789-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roquia Salam ◽

Bonosri Ghose ◽

Badhon Kumar Shill ◽

Md. Aminul Islam ◽

Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Survey Data ◽

River Basin ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Risk Index ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Drought Risk ◽

Household Level ◽

Risk Levels

AbstractDisaster risk perception and risk appraisal are essential in formulating an appropriate disaster risk reduction policy. This study examines the actual vs perceived drought risks by constructing risk indices at the household and expert levels using survey data from the lower Teesta River Basin in northern Bangladesh. The survey data were collected from 450 farmers using a structured questionnaire conducted between August and September 2019. A composite drought risk index was developed to understand households’ perceived and actual risks in the designated areas. The results show that the actual and perceived risk values differ significantly among the three case study sites locally known as Ganai, Ismail, and Par Sekh Sundar. The risk levels also differ significantly across the households’ gender, income, occupation, and educational attainment. People with insolvent socioeconomic status are more prone to drought risk compared to others. Results also reveal that the mean level of perceived risk agrees well with the actual risk, whereas females perceive comparatively higher risk than their male counterparts. Expert views on drought risk are similar to the individual household level perceived risk. The outcomes of this study would assist the policymakers and disaster managers to understand the concrete risk scenarios and take timely disaster risk reduction actions for ensuring a drought-resistant society.

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Statistical Matching of Administrative and Survey Data

Sociological Methods & Research ◽

10.1177/0049124113486622 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 192-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anika Rasner ◽

Joachim R. Frick ◽

Markus M. Grabka

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Statistical Matching

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Representativeness of individual-level data in COVID-19 phone surveys: Findings from Sub-Saharan Africa

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0258877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. e0258877

Author(s):

Joshua Brubaker ◽

Talip Kilic ◽

Philip Wollburg

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Adult Population ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Sampling Weights ◽

Household Level ◽

Individual Level ◽

Level Data ◽

Phone Survey ◽

General Adult Population ◽

Household Heads

The COVID-19 pandemic has created urgent demand for timely data, leading to a surge in mobile phone surveys for tracking the impacts of and responses to the pandemic. Using data from national phone surveys implemented in Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda during the pandemic and the pre-COVID-19 national face-to-face surveys that served as the sampling frames for the phone surveys, this paper documents selection the biases in individual-level analyses based on phone survey data. In most cases, individual-level data are available only for phone survey respondents, who we find are more likely to be household heads or their spouses and non-farm enterprise owners, and on average, are older and better educated vis-a-vis the general adult population. These differences are the result of uneven access to mobile phones in the population and the way that phone survey respondents are selected. To improve the representativeness of individual-level analysis using phone survey data, we recalibrate the phone survey sampling weights based on propensity score adjustments that are derived from a model of an individual’s likelihood of being interviewed as a function of individual- and household-level attributes. We find that reweighting improves the representativeness of the estimates for phone survey respondents, moving them closer to those of the general adult population. This holds for both women and men and for a range of demographic, education, and labor market outcomes. However, reweighting increases the variance of the estimates and, in most cases, fails to overcome selection biases. This indicates limitations to deriving representative individual-level estimates from phone survey data. Obtaining reliable data on men and women through future phone surveys will require random selection of adult interviewees within sampled households.

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Household level determinants of food insecurity in rural areas of Dire Dawa, eastern Ethiopia

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.30.3740 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (30) ◽

pp. 1914-1926

Author(s):

Ayalneh Bogale ◽

◽

Shimelis A ◽

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Survey Data ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Rural Households ◽

Household Head ◽

Household Food Insecurity ◽

Household Level ◽

Household Food ◽

Dire Dawa

Even though the struggle to achieve food security at the household level in the rural areas of Ethiopia dates back a long period, it has remained as a challenging goal even today. Making their living on marginal, moisture stressed, heavily degraded and less productive land, households in rural areas of Dire Dawa face persistent food shortages. The design and implementation of effective measures to reduce household food insecurity in the region depends on in-depth understanding of its covariates. This study seeks to address these issues by assessing location specific socio-economic factors that influence food insecurity of households in rural areas of Dire Dawa Administrative region. The analysis is based on survey data gathered from randomly selected 115 sample rural households in the study area. A binary logit model was used to identify the factors influencing household level food insecurity. A total of thirteen explanatory variables were included in the empirical model. The empirical results estimated using the survey data to identify the determinants of food insecurity among rural households in the study area revealed mixed impressions. Among variables considered , family size, annual income, amount of credit received, access to irrigation, age of household head, farm size, and livestock owned showed theoretically consistent and statistically significant effect. However, estimated coefficients of number of oxen owned and dependency ratio showed theoretically inconsistent and statistically insignificant effect on the probability of household to be food insecure.. Estimated coefficients of sex of household head, total off-farm income, education of household head and amount of food aid received were not found to be statistically significant in determining household food insecurity in the study area. The findings imply that improvement in food security situation needs to build assets, improve the functioning of rural financial markets and promote family planning. These areas could provide entry points for policy intervention to reduce hunger and augment household and community livelihood opportunities.

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Perceived and Actual Risks of Drought : Household and Expert Views From Lower Teesta River Basin of Northern Bangladesh

10.21203/rs.3.rs-310699/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Roquia Salam ◽

Bonosri Ghose ◽

Badhon Kumar Shill ◽

Md. Aminul Islam ◽

A R M Towfiqul Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Reduction ◽

Survey Data ◽

River Basin ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Disaster Risk Reduction ◽

Economic Status ◽

Risk Index ◽

Disaster Risk ◽

Drought Risk ◽

Household Level

Abstract Disaster risk perception, as well as risk appraisal, play a pivotal role in making the disaster risk reduction policy. This study examines the actual vs perceived drought risks by constructing risk indices at the household and expert levels using survey data from the lower Teesta River Basin in northern Bangladesh. Survey data were collected from 450 farmers based on the structural questionnaire. A composite drought risk index was developed to understand households’ perceived and actual risks in the designated areas. The results show that the actual and perceived risk values differ significantly among the three designated sites of Ganai, Ismail, and Par Sekh Sundar. The risk levels also differ significantly across the household’s gender, income, occupation, and educational attainment. People with poor socio-economic status are more prone to drought risk than others. Results also reveal that the mean level of perceived risk agrees well with the actual risk; females perceive comparatively higher risk than males. Expert views on drought risk are similar to the individual household level perceived risk. The outcomes of this study would help the policy-makers and disaster managers to understand the concrete risk scenarios of the study areas and to take timely and appropriate disaster risk reduction actions for ensuring a drought-resistant society.

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Statistical Matching Analysis for Complex Survey Data With Applications

Journal of the American Statistical Association ◽

10.1080/01621459.2015.1112803 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 111 (516) ◽

pp. 1715-1725 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Pier Luigi Conti ◽

Daniela Marella ◽

Mauro Scanu

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Complex Survey ◽

Complex Survey Data ◽

Statistical Matching

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EXPRESS: The Economic and Social Impacts of Migration on Brand Expenditure: Evidence from Rural India

Journal of Marketing ◽

10.1177/00222429211021992 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 002224292110219

Author(s):

Vishal Narayan ◽

Shreya Kankanhalli

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Instrumental Variable ◽

Rural India ◽

Household Level ◽

Migrant Household ◽

Migration Data ◽

Before And After ◽

Marketing Resource Allocation ◽

Economic And Social Impacts ◽

Migration Event

Households sending members to work away from home often receive information about lifestyles and consumption behaviors in those migration destinations (i.e., social remittances) along with economic remittances. We investigate the effect of having a migrant household member on household brand expenditures in rural India—a market characterized by substantial consumption of unbranded products. We collect and analyze household-level survey data from 434 households across 30 villages using an instrumental variable strategy. Economic remittances result in greater brand expenditure and this level is higher for poorer households. After controlling for economic remittances, the effect of migration on brand expenditures is more positive for households residing in more populous villages, with greater access to mobile phones, lower viewership of television media, and with less recently departed migrants. We demonstrate how marketing resource allocation across villages can be improved by incorporating migration data and provide insights for household targeting in the context of door-to-door selling in villages. Our results are robust to alternate, public policy-based instruments, and can be generalized to expenditure on private schools. Using additional survey data from 300 households in 62 new villages, we replicate our results by comparing within-households brand expenditures before and after the migration event.

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CONSUMPTION INEQUALITY IN INDIA AFTER LIBERALIZATION: A CASTE BASED ASSESSMENT

The Singapore Economic Review ◽

10.1142/s0217590817430123 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (01) ◽

pp. 139-155

Author(s):

ANOOP S. KUMAR ◽

P. YAZIR ◽

G. G. GOPIKA

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Survey Data ◽

Gini Coefficient ◽

Consumption Expenditure ◽

Household Level ◽

Expenditure Survey ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Caste Groups ◽

Group Inequality ◽

Over Time

We analyze the consumption inequality in India among different caste groups namely SC, ST, OBC and Others using three rounds of Household Level Consumption Expenditure Survey Data from 1993–94 to 2009–10. Regression analysis shows disparity in consumption expenditure across various caste groups. Values of Gini coefficient, Theil’s Index and overlapping index display an increasing trend in both within- and between-group inequality over time. The possibility of stratification among “Others” is identified. It is found that SCs and STs in particular bear the burden of increasing inequality, indicating possible inefficient implementation of the welfare schemes aimed at these communities.

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