scholarly journals Perceived and actual risks of drought: household and expert views from the lower Teesta River Basin of northern Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roquia Salam ◽  
Bonosri Ghose ◽  
Badhon Kumar Shill ◽  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Risk Levels

AbstractDisaster risk perception and risk appraisal are essential in formulating an appropriate disaster risk reduction policy. This study examines the actual vs perceived drought risks by constructing risk indices at the household and expert levels using survey data from the lower Teesta River Basin in northern Bangladesh. The survey data were collected from 450 farmers using a structured questionnaire conducted between August and September 2019. A composite drought risk index was developed to understand households’ perceived and actual risks in the designated areas. The results show that the actual and perceived risk values differ significantly among the three case study sites locally known as Ganai, Ismail, and Par Sekh Sundar. The risk levels also differ significantly across the households’ gender, income, occupation, and educational attainment. People with insolvent socioeconomic status are more prone to drought risk compared to others. Results also reveal that the mean level of perceived risk agrees well with the actual risk, whereas females perceive comparatively higher risk than their male counterparts. Expert views on drought risk are similar to the individual household level perceived risk. The outcomes of this study would assist the policymakers and disaster managers to understand the concrete risk scenarios and take timely disaster risk reduction actions for ensuring a drought-resistant society.

scholarly journals Perceived and Actual Risks of Drought : Household and Expert Views From Lower Teesta River Basin of Northern Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roquia Salam ◽  
Bonosri Ghose ◽  
Badhon Kumar Shill ◽  
Md. Aminul Islam ◽  
A R M Towfiqul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Household Level

Abstract Disaster risk perception, as well as risk appraisal, play a pivotal role in making the disaster risk reduction policy. This study examines the actual vs perceived drought risks by constructing risk indices at the household and expert levels using survey data from the lower Teesta River Basin in northern Bangladesh. Survey data were collected from 450 farmers based on the structural questionnaire. A composite drought risk index was developed to understand households’ perceived and actual risks in the designated areas. The results show that the actual and perceived risk values differ significantly among the three designated sites of Ganai, Ismail, and Par Sekh Sundar. The risk levels also differ significantly across the household’s gender, income, occupation, and educational attainment. People with poor socio-economic status are more prone to drought risk than others. Results also reveal that the mean level of perceived risk agrees well with the actual risk; females perceive comparatively higher risk than males. Expert views on drought risk are similar to the individual household level perceived risk. The outcomes of this study would help the policy-makers and disaster managers to understand the concrete risk scenarios of the study areas and to take timely and appropriate disaster risk reduction actions for ensuring a drought-resistant society.

scholarly journals Life Expectancy Negatively Correlates with Disaster Risk Index

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (s1) ◽  
pp. s79-s79
Author(s):  
Shinichi Egawa ◽  
Yayoi Nakamura ◽  
Tomomi Suda ◽  
Hiroyuki Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Related ◽  
First Time

Introduction:Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, for the first time, describes how disaster affects the health of people. Japan is prone to natural hazards, but at the same time, Japan has achieved one of the highest life expectancies (LE) in the world. After experiencing many disasters, Japan seems to have achieved resilience against disasters. Thus, we tested a hypothesis that high LE correlates with low disaster risk.Methods:We compared LE from the World Health Organization's (WHO) Global Health Observatory and the Index for Risk Management’s (INFORM) disaster risk index, or World Risk Index (WRI), of each country using JMP software. INFORM risk index varies from 0-10, while WRI varies from 0-1, where a higher value means higher disaster risk in both systems. INFORM risk index considers hazard and exposure, vulnerability, lack of coping capacity, and lack of reliability. WRI considers exposure, susceptibility, lack of coping capacity, and lack of adaptive capacity, including logarithmized LE as a part of adaptive capacity.Results:The overall INFORM risk index was negatively correlated with LE (p<0:0001). Although natural hazard did not correlate with LE (p=0.7), the human hazard, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity negatively correlated with LE (p<0.0001, respectively). Health-related indicators, which confirm the vulnerability and lack of coping capacity, were negatively correlated with LE. Cluster analysis of LE and INFORM risk of six categories resulted in four clusters of countries, suggesting that health development and disaster risk reduction are independent determinants. WRI also correlated with LE, but there are many outliers compared to the INFORM risk index.Discussion:High LE can be a good complementary indicator of low disaster risk. Strategies to achieve better health that contribute to high LE are also effective and important strategies for disaster risk reduction.

scholarly journals Akuntabilitas Pengelolaan Penanggulangan Bencana di Kabupaten Jember

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Joko Mulyono ◽  
Lukman Wijaya Baratha ◽  
Elly Suhartini ◽  
Jati Arifiyanti
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Slow Step

AbstractThe research entitled "Accountability for Disaster Management in Jember Regency", based on the high disaster risk index in Jember Regency. In 2013 there was a risk index of 229 and increased in 2016 to 255 (BNPB: 2016). In regular civillian, there are also minimal informations about risky and dangerous disaster. Disaster-managing in Jember is a reflection of the existence of local governments and social groups in their efforts to define their roles in their respective capacities. Along with the increasing strong role of social groups in articulating disaster-managing in Jember, the regional government seems to be taking a slow step to be able to keep up with the efforts of these social groups. The question is, how is the accountability of disaster risk reduction in Jember?, how are the strategies that weaken disaster-managing accountability? The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze disastermanaging accountability and its strategy. The theoretical review used is "public organization accountability" Elwood (1993) and strengthened by the theory of "structuration" of Giddens (2011). The research approach that the researcher used is qualitative, while the data collection technique is through participant observation, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and interviews followed by qualitative descriptive data analysis techniques. The results of this study that disaster-managing is carried out through structural and cultural way. Structural forms are understood as organizational principles such as accountability. Disaster management accountability includes regulatory dimensions, processes, programs and policies. The principle of accountability in disaster management in Jember Regency is relatively inadequate. The cultural path is a strategy adopted by BPBD with other disaster management communities in disaster risk reduction activities. Cultural practices in disaster-maganing are more visible in agency expertise. The causes of the lack of optimal disaster-managing accountability is inadequate disaster management input and output factors.   Penelitian ini berlatar belakang dari tingginya indeks risiko bencana di Kabupaten Jember. Pada tahun 2013 terdapat indeks risikosebanyak 229 dan mengalami kenaikan pada tahun 2016 menjadi 255 (BNPB: 2016). Sementara di tingkat masyarakat masih minim informasi mengenai bahaya dan risiko bencana. Pengelolaan bencana di Kabupaten Jember adalah refleksi tentang keberadaan pemerintah daerah dan kelompok sosial dalam upayanya mendefinisikan peran mereka sesuai kapasitasnya. Akan tetapi seiring dengan semakin menguatnya peran kelompok sosial dalam mengartikulasikan pengelolaan bencana di Jember, pemerintah daerah seakan mengambil langkah yang cukup lambat untuk dapat mengimbangi upaya kelompok sosial tersebut. Pertanyaannya adalah bagaimana akuntabilitas pengurangan risiko bencana di Kabupaten Jember?, bagaimana strategi dan faktor apa saja yang memperlemah akuntabilitas penanggulangan bencana? Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis akuntabilitas penanggulangan bencana serta strateginya. Tinjauan teori yang digunakan adalah “akuntabilitas organisasi publik” Elwood (1993) dan diperkuat dengan teori “strukturasi” Giddens (2011). Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, sedangkan teknik pengambilan data melalui observasi partisipan, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), dan wawancara serta teknik analisa data deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa penanggulangan bencana dilaksanakan melalui jalan struktural dan kultural. Bentuk struktural dipahami sebagai bentuk-bentuk prinsip organisasi seperti akuntabilitas. Akuntabilitas penanggulangan bencana meliputi dimensi regulasi, proses, program, dan kebijakan. Prinsip akuntabilitas dalam penanggulangan bencana di Kabupaten Jember relatif kurang memadai. Jalan kultural sebagai strategi yang ditempuh BPBD bersama komunitas penanggulangan bencana lainnya dalam kegiatan pengurangan risiko bencana. Kultural dalam praktek penanggulangan bencana lebih nampak pada kepiawaian agensi. Penyebab kurang optimalnya akuntabilitas penanggulangan bencana adalah faktor input dan output penanggulangan bencana yang kurang memadai.

scholarly journals The Correlation Between Life Expectancy and Disaster Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1049-1061
Author(s):  
Shinichi Egawa ◽  
Yasuhito Jibiki ◽  
Daisuke Sasaki ◽  
Yuichi Ono ◽  
Yayoi Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Coping Capacity ◽  
Important Indicator

A healthy community is a community resilient to disaster. The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction considers disaster impacts on health and encourages the implementation of disaster medicine and access to mental health services. Life expectancy (LE) is a basic statistic that indicates public health achievements and social development, including the health system, infrastructure, and accurate vital statistics. Thus, we hypothesized that LE corelates with disaster risk and strategies to achieve long LE can help achieving disaster risk reduction. We compared the disaster risk obtained from Index for Risk Management (INFORM) with the LE of both genders at birth to identify which component of INFORM risk correlates with LE. A correlation analysis revealed that overall INFORM risk negatively correlated with LE. The natural hazard category did not correlate with LE, but the human hazard category, vulnerability, and lack of coping capacity negatively correlated with LE. In the vulnerability dimension, indicators of socioeconomic vulnerability, health conditions, and children U5 negatively correlated with LE. In the lack of coping capacity dimension, indicators of communication, physical infrastructure, and access to health care negatively correlated with LE. Japan has achieved the longest LE and a low INFORM risk because of its lower vulnerability and reduced lack of coping capacity, including healthrelated indicators. In a cluster analysis of LE and INFORM categories of risk, we divided countries into four clusters and found categories that could be improved. Compared with another global disaster risk index, the Word Risk Index (WRI), the INFORM risk index seems to represent the overall disaster risk better, though they have different aspects of risk evaluation. The WRI is also negatively correlated with LE, supporting our hypothesis. In conclusion, LE is an important indicator of disaster risk and strategies to achieve long LE can be effective and important strategies in disaster risk reduction.

Analisis Longsor Cililin Dan Model Pengupayaan Kestabilan Lerengnya

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wisyanto
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk Reduction ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Landslide Risk ◽  
West Java ◽  
Water Condition ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Landslide Risk Reduction

Landslides have occurred in various places in Indonesia. Likewise with West Java, there were many regions that has experienced repeated landslides. Having many experience of occurrences of landslides, we should have had a good landslide risk reduction program. Indeed, the incidence of landslides depends on many variables. Due to that condition, it may that a region would have different variable with another region. So it is impossible to generalize the implementation of a mitigation technology for all areas prone to landslides. Research of the Cililin's landslide is to anticipate the next disasters that may happen in around the area of 2013 Cililin Landslide. Through observation lithological conditions, water condition, land cover and landscape, as well as consideration of wide dimension of the building footing, the distance of building to the slopes and so forth, it has been determined some efforts of disaster risk reduction in the area around the landslide against the occurrence of potential landslide in the future.Bencana tanah longsor telah terjadi di berbagai tempat di Indonesia. Demikian halnya dengan Jawa Barat, tidak sedikit daerahnya telah berulang kali mengalami longsor. Seharusnya dengan telah banyaknya kejadian longsor, kita mampu mengupayakan program penurunan risiko longsor secara baik. Memang kejadian longsor bergantung pada banyak variabel, dimana dari satu daerah dengan daerah yang lain akan sangat memungkinkan mempunyai variabel yang berbeda, sehingga tidak mungkin kita membuat generalisasi penerapan suatu teknologi mitigasinya untuk semua daerah rawan longsor. Penelitian longsor di Cililin dilakukan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya bencana di sekitar daerah Longsor Cililin 2013 yang lalu. Melalui pengamatan kondisi litologi, keairan, tutupan lahan dan bentang alam yang ada, serta pertimbangan akan dimensi luas pijakan bangunan, jarak batas bangunan dengan lereng dan lain sebagainya, telah ditentukan beberapa upaya penurunan risiko bencana di daerah sekitar longsor terhadap potensi kejadian longsor dimasa mendatang.Keywords: Landslide, risk reduction, footing of building, Cililin

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