A critical review on research progress of graphene/cement based composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 273-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Yang ◽  
Hongzhi Cui ◽  
Waiching Tang ◽  
Zongjin Li ◽  
Ningxu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Research Progress

A critical review of research and practice in data-driven learning (DDL) in the academic writing classroom

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meilin Chen ◽  
John Flowerdew
Keyword(s):  
Academic Writing ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Language Education ◽  
English For Academic Purposes ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Year 2000

Abstract Since the late 1980s, there has been a growing interest in the direct application of corpora, or data-driven learning (DDL), in language education. This relatively novel teaching approach has been particularly applied in the teaching and learning of English for Academic Purposes (EAP)/academic writing, especially since the turn of the century. This paper synthesizes and evaluates the research progress in the field of EAP/academic writing since the year 2000 by critically reviewing 37 empirical studies focussing on applications of DDL in this context. Based on the critical review and a discussion of some contentious issues, a set of five recommendations for the way forward in DDL research and practice for EAP/academic writing is presented.

scholarly journals A critical review of the possible benefits associated with homeopathic medicine

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan Moritz V. Rodrigues Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Reference Source ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Plausible Mechanism ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Positive Results

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the recent scientific research progress on homeopathy. METHODOLOGY: Homeopathy was evaluated in terms of its clinical research; in vitro research, and physical foundations. The Medline database was the main reference source for the present research, concerning data of approximately the last 10 years. Secondary references (not available in this database) were obtained by means of direct requests to authors listed in the primary references. RESULTS: Clinical studies and in vitro research indicate the inefficacy of homeopathy. Some few studies with positive results are questionable because of problems with the quality and lack of appropriate experimental controls in these studies. The most recent meta-analyses on the topic yielded negative results. One of the few previous meta-analyses with positive results had serious publication bias problems, and its results were later substantially reconsidered by the main authors. The sparse in vitro homeopathic research with positive results has not been replicated by independent researchers, had serious methodological flaws, or when replicated, did not confirm the initial positive results. A plausible mechanism for homeopathic action is still nonexistent, and its formulation, by now, seems highly unlikely. CONCLUSIONS: As a result of the recent scientific research on homeopathy, it can be concluded that ample evidence exists to show that the homeopathic therapy is not scientifically justifiable.

Research Progress in Biofilm-Membrane Bioreactor: A Critical Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (24) ◽  
pp. 6900-6909 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenxiang Zhang ◽  
Bing Tang ◽  
Liying Bin
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Research Progress

Chemical reduction of methylene blue in the presence of nanocatalysts: a critical review

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 749-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robina Begum ◽  
Jawayria Najeeb ◽  
Ayesha Sattar ◽  
Khalida Naseem ◽  
Ahmad Irfan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Photochemical Degradation ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
New Ideas

AbstractMethylene blue (MB) (3,7-bis (dimethylamino)-phenothiazin-5-ium chloride) is a harmful pollutant and has been long been known for its detrimental effects on human health. Over the recent years, many strategies including reduction, oxidation, biological and photochemical degradation have been reported for converting this harmful dye into commercially useful products. Among the aforementioned strategies, the nanocatalytic reduction of MB into its reduced counterpart, i.e. leucomethylene blue, is considered more preferable because it has been reported to have numerous applications in various industrial fields in the academic literature. The reduction of MB is the kinetically unfavorable reaction. Henceforth, various nanocatalytic systems utilizing different kinds of stabilization mediums have reportedly been used for speeding up this particular reaction. This article attempts to not only describe the fundamental properties of the reduction reaction of MB but also present the classification of the recently reported nanocatalytic assemblies on the basis of the utilized supporting medium. Various techniques used for the characterization of nanocatalytic systems reported for the reduction of MB have been summarized in this review. The thermodynamics, kinetics and mechanistic studies of this nanocatalytic reaction have also been narrated here. This critical review has been written comprehensively to abridge the recent research progress in the assemblage of nanocatalytic systems used for the reduction of MB and to propose some new ideas for further development in this area.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Layer-by-Layer Assembled Conducting Polymer Based Composites for Supercapacitors

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Kulandaivalu ◽  
Yusran Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Material ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Nanostructured Electrode ◽  
Lbl Assembly ◽  
Comprehensive Discussion

Development of well-designed electrodes is the key to achieve high performance supercapacitors. Therefore, as one of the effective methods, a layer-by-layer (LBL) approach is often fruitfully employed for the fabrication of electrode material. Benefiting from a tunable parameter of the LBL approach, this approach has paved a way to design a highly ordered nanostructured electrode material with excellent performance. Conducting polymers (CPs) are the frontrunners in supercapacitors and notably, the LBL assembly of CPs is attracting extensive attention. Therefore, this critical review covers a comprehensive discussion on the research progress of CP-based composites with special importance on the LBL approach predominately for supercapacitors. Following a brief discussion on supercapacitors and CPs, the most up-to-date techniques used in LBL are highlighted.

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