The forces imposed by the novel T-shape Cu/LDPE nanocomposite intrauterine devices on the simulated uterine cavity

AbstractA systematic review of the literature about the corrosion of copper in intrauterine devices (IUDs) was conducted, an important topic of copper application that apparently may not be well known to a broad corrosion audience. Copper IUDs (Cu-IUDs) are one of the most widely used contraceptive methods around the world, particularly in China, India, and Latin America. The contraceptive method is based on the release of copper ions from a Cu-IUD. Copper ions enhance the inflammatory response in the uterine cavity and reach concentrations in the luminal fluids of the genital tract, which are toxic for spermatozoa and embryos. A description is made of the different types of Cu-IUD used, the traditional T-shaped device, copper nanoparticles inside a polymeric matrix, and other shapes. This review aims to discuss the main parameters affecting the efficiency of a Cu-IUD, the contraceptive mechanism, and the shape of the device. The high copper corrosion rate immediately after insertion in the uterus (“burst release”) is discussed, which presents values of the order of up to 296 μg/day, causing side effects such as bleeding and pain, with an exponential decay defining a steady-state plateau after 1–2 months of insertion with values of 40 μg/day for a 200 mm2Cu-IUD. This plateau is maintained over the life span of a Cu-IUD, in which the copper dissolution rate is as low as 2 μg/day for a Cu-IUD with indomethacin keeping up the contraceptive action mechanism, the concentration of copper that needs to be higher than 10−6mol/l.

Download Full-text

Pneumoperitoneum Secondary to Spontaneously Perforated Pyometra

Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2017/5213123 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin A. Raymond ◽

Christopher Esper

Keyword(s):

Postmenopausal Women ◽

Acute Abdomen ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

English Literature ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Premenopausal Women ◽

Diffuse Peritonitis ◽

Intrauterine Devices ◽

Purulent Fluid

Pyometra, by definition, is a collection of purulent fluid within the uterine cavity. Incidence has been estimated to range from 0.1% to 0.5%. Typically, this is linked to postmenopausal women; however, it has been linked to premenopausal women with concordant use of intrauterine devices. Based on our knowledge, there have been less than 50 recorded cases reported in the English literature regarding perforation of pyometra resulting in acute abdomen and fewer than 25 resulting in pneumoperitoneum. We report a patient who was evaluated for diffuse peritonitis caused by perforated pyometra who was successfully treated with surgical intervention.

Download Full-text

A Mislocated Intrauterine Device Migrating to the Urinary Bladder: An Uncommon Complication Leading to Stone Formation

Case Reports in Urology ◽

10.1155/2020/2091915 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Mohamed Ali Nouioui ◽

Tarek Taktak ◽

Seif Mokadem ◽

Houssem Mediouni ◽

Ramzi Khiari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Urinary Bladder ◽

Stone Formation ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Intrauterine Devices ◽

Normal Position ◽

Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

Low Urinary Tract Symptoms ◽

Uncommon Complication

Intrauterine devices are a popular form of reversible contraception among women. Its administration can lead to some uncommon but serious complications such as perforation leading to its migration into adjacent organs. Like any foreign body, the presence of an IUD in the bladder can result in stone formation due to its lithogenic potential. We report a case of an IUD migrating from its normal position in the uterine cavity into the urinary bladder causing chronic low urinary tract symptoms in a 43-year-old female patient. The device was securely removed without complications using grasping forceps under cystoscopy, and no parietal defect was detected. A mislocated IUD is a rare complication that should be considered in female patients presenting with chronic urinary symptoms.

Download Full-text

Advantages and disadvantages of the intrauterine device and the hormone implant

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.1976.0100 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 195 (1118) ◽

pp. 81-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Device ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

The Other ◽

Bleeding Control ◽

Intrauterine Devices ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Long Period ◽

Constant Rate ◽

Subdermal Implants ◽

Great Step

In programmes for development of contraceptives, the general health aspect of the proposed contraceptive attack has been generally underestimated. With the increasing evidence that inhibition of ovulation as such may be beneficial, the strategy of contraceptive development has to be rearranged. Subdermal implants of capsules releasing steroids at a constant rate has the advantage that ovulation can be inhibited during a long period of time. The main problems are dosage and bleeding control. The intrauterine devices have gradually been improved to facilitate insertion and diminish discomfort due to distension of the uterine cavity. The medicated copper i. u. ds have in this respect been a great step forward. On the other hand ovulation is not inhibited, bleeding irregularities occur and the blood loss at menstruation is increased. In addition, the intrauterine devices do not protect women from extrauterine pregnancies or functional cysts of the ovaries.

Download Full-text

The Importance of the Novel Postpartum Uterine Ultrasonographic Scale in Numerical Assessments of Uterine Involution Regarding Perinatal Maternal and Fetal Outcomes

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11091731 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 1731

Author(s):

Roxana Covali ◽

Demetra Socolov ◽

Alexandru Carauleanu ◽

Ioana Pavaleanu ◽

Mona Akad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

University Hospital ◽

Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽

The Novel ◽

Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽

Scale Method ◽

Uterine Involution ◽

The Mean

Background: Uterine involution assessments are critical for the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. Various methods have been used worldwide. Methods: The PUUS (Postpartum Uterine Ultrasonographic Scale) method evaluates, by transabdominal ultrasonography, the length of the endometrium of the uterine cavity occupied by blood or debris, from grade 0 (no blood) to grade 4 (over three-quarters of the endometrial length occupied by blood/debris). A total of 131 consecutive patients admitted for delivery in the Elena Doamna Obstetrics and Gynecology University Hospital in Iasi, Romania, were prospectively evaluated using the PUUS method. The mean age was 27.72 years old, and they were examined during the first 24–48 h after vaginal delivery, or in the first 48–72 h after cesarean delivery. For patients with a PUUS grade greater than 1, re-examination was preformed daily in the following days, until the PUUS grade decreased to 1 or 0. Results: By standardizing uterine involution in a numerical fashion, we precisely demonstrate that uterine involution varied with the method of delivery (vaginal/cesarean) and with the number of vials of oxytocin received intrapartum, but not with the number of vials of ergometrine maleate received, and not with the origin of the parturient (rural/urban).

Download Full-text

Coexistence of Two Different Intrauterine Devices in Uterine Cavity of a Patient with Tuboovarian Abscess: Case Report

Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.5336/medsci.2016-53576 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 229-232

Author(s):

Fatih AKTOZ ◽

Oğuzhan KURU ◽

Sinem DURU ◽

Yasin ERARSLAN ◽

Zafer Selçuk TUNCER

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Intrauterine Devices ◽

Tuboovarian Abscess

Download Full-text

Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy of Endomentrium in Women Wearing TCu-380-A IUD 's

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080754 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 666-667

Author(s):

A. Gonzalez Angulo ◽

R. Berlioz ◽

R. Aznar

Keyword(s):

Copper Wire ◽

Uterine Cavity ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Secretory Phase ◽

Ultrastructural Studies ◽

Proliferative Phase ◽

Contraceptive Devices ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Intrauterine Contraceptive ◽

Myelin Figure

Recent ultrastructural studies on endometrial tissues from women wearing copper, wire intrauterine devices have disclosed morphological evidence of impaired glycogen degradation and secretion resulting in interference with the viability of blastocysts. Reduced microapocrine secretion observed with the scanning electron microscope supports this (1). In addition, organelle modifications have been observed in the epithelial cells of these women. The changes are seen in biopsies taken in the proliferative phase of the cycle and consist of mitochondrial vacuolation and myelin figure formation. These modifications disappear in the secretory phase and therefore have been regarded as reversible (2).The aim of the present studies was to investigate surface epithelial changes as well as organelle modifications in relation to the site of contact with an IUD that releases greater amounts of copper. Endometrial tissue was obtained from the uterine cavity of four young women wearing TCu-380-A intrauterine contraceptive devices for 4-6 weeks.

Download Full-text