Influence of nitrogen rates and Fusarium verticillioides infection on Fusarium spp. and fumonisin contamination of maize kernels

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 105601
Author(s):  
Vesna Krnjaja ◽  
Violeta Mandić ◽  
Zorica Bijelić ◽  
Slavica Stanković ◽  
Ana Obradović ◽  
...  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ani Widiastuti ◽  
Monica Lucky Karlina ◽  
Kurnia Ritma Dhanti ◽  
Yufita Dwi Chinta ◽  
Tri Joko ◽  
...  

Abstract. Widiastuti A, Karlina ML, Dhanti KR, Chinta YD, Joko T, Suryanti, Wibowo A. 2020. Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2741-2750. Fungal contamination of maize is a serious problem in Indonesia. Fusarium spp. infect maize in the field will be continuing to contaminate in the post-harvest period even though disease symptoms are not always emerged. Some Fusarium spp. produced mycotoxins which are harmful to human and animal health. Aims of this research were to reveal the presence of Fusarium spp. from both symptomatic and unsymptomatic maize, and to identify them based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. Samples of maize were collected from maize cultivation areas in East Java (EJ), Central Java (CJ), West Java (WJ), Yogyakarta Special Province (DIY), and Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Fusarium spp. were isolated in a single spore method and cultured in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for morphological identification of macro-and microconidia. Molecular identification was conducted by PCR assay using species-specific primers. Furthermore, unidentified species were analyzed by DNA sequence. This research found four species of mycotoxigenic Fusarium isolated from maize-based on molecular identification, which were Fusarium verticillioides (15 isolates), F. proliferatum (6 isolates), F. graminearum (1 isolate) and F. asiaticum (1 isolate). This research showed a novel report of F. asiaticum infection on maize kernel in Indonesia.


1997 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-623
Author(s):  
Antónia Šrobárová ◽  
Antonio Logrieco
Keyword(s):  

Plant Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Lanubile ◽  
Antonio Logrieco ◽  
Paola Battilani ◽  
Robert H. Proctor ◽  
Adriano Marocco

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Sampietro ◽  
M.A. Vattuone ◽  
D.A. Presello ◽  
C.M. Fauguel ◽  
C.A.N. Catalán

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 5222-5227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Flaherty ◽  
Anna Maria Pirttilä ◽  
Burton H. Bluhm ◽  
Charles P. Woloshuk

ABSTRACT Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins that contaminate maize and cause leukoencephalomalacia in equine, pulmonary edema in swine, and promote cancer in mice. Fumonisin biosynthesis in Fusarium verticillioides is repressed by nitrogen and alkaline pH. We cloned a PACC-like gene (PAC1) from F. verticillioides. PACC genes encode the major transcriptional regulators of several pH-responsive pathways in other filamentous fungi. In Northern blot analyses, a PAC1 probe hybridized to a 2.2-kb transcript present in F. verticillioides grown at alkaline pH. A mutant of F. verticillioides with a disrupted PAC1 gene had severely impaired growth at alkaline pH. The mutant produced more fumonisin than the wild type when grown on maize kernels and in a synthetic medium buffered at an acidic pH, 4.5. The mutant, but not the wild type, also produced fumonisin B1 when mycelia were resuspended in medium buffered at an alkaline pH, 8.4. Transcription of FUM1, a gene involved in fumonisin biosynthesis, was correlated with fumonisin production. We conclude that PAC1 is required for growth at alkaline pH and that Pac1 may have a role as a repressor of fumonisin biosynthesis under alkaline conditions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia L. Usseglio ◽  
Romina P. Pizzolitto ◽  
Carolina Rodriguez ◽  
María P. Zunino ◽  
Julio A. Zygadlo ◽  
...  

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hun Kim ◽  
Charles P. Woloshuk

The putative hexose transporter gene fst1 in Fusarium verticillioides was identified previously by microarray analysis as a gene that was more highly expressed during colonization of autoclaved maize endosperm than germ. In contrast to a previous study, in which disruption of fst1 did not affect growth of the pathogen on autoclaved maize kernels, in the current study, we demonstrated that disruption of fst1 delayed growth and symptom development on wounded maize ears. Characterization of the fst1 promoter revealed that regulation of fst1 expression was similar to that of fumonisin biosynthetic (fum) genes; expression was highest during growth on endosperm tissue and repressed by elevated concentrations of ammonium in the growth medium. With a fluorescent tag attached to FST1, the protein localized transiently to the periphery of the cells near the plasma membrane and in vacuole-like structures, suggesting that membrane-localized FST1 was internalized and degraded in vacuoles. Expression of fst1 in a yeast strain lacking hexose transporter genes did not complement the yeast mutation, suggesting that FST1 does not transport glucose, fructose, or mannose. The results indicate a functional role for FST1 in pathogenesis during the colonization of living kernels.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Juliano Berghetti ◽  
Ricardo Trezzi Casa ◽  
Antônio Eduardo Coelho ◽  
Luis Sangoi ◽  
Fabio Nascimento Da Silva ◽  
...  

A qualidade dos grãos é essencial na indústria alimentícia e mostra variações dependendo das condições de manejo da cultura no campo. O objetivo deste estudo foi quantificar o efeito de híbridos, épocas de semeadura e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura sobre a incidência de grãos avariados e sua correlação com fungos patogênicos. O experimento foi conduzido em condições de campo, em Atalanta, Santa Catarina, Brasil, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em parcelas sub-subdivididas, constituído pelos híbridos AG9025 PRO3 (super-precoce) e 30F53 VYH (precoce), semeadura preferencial (20 de setembro) e tardia (5 de dezembro) e doses de nitrogênio em cobertura (0, 150, 300 e 450 kg ha-1). O percentual de grãos normais, fermentados e avariados, bem como a incidência de fungos em grãos, foram quantificados. O híbrido 30F53 VYH apresentou o menor percentual de grãos fermentados (8,4%) quando comparado ao híbrido AG9025 PRO3 (43,2%). Nenhuma diferença significativa foi observada entre as épocas de semeadura nos grãos fermentados. O híbrido AG9025 PRO3 apresentou um aumento nos grãos fermentados com adição de nitrogênio, enquanto o híbrido 30F53 VYH apresentou comportamento estável. O híbrido AG9025 PRO3 (35,5%) apresentou a menor incidência de Fusarium verticillioides nos grãos quando comparado ao híbrido 30F53 VYH (49,9%). A incidência do fungo foi menor também na época de semeadura preferencial (35,7%) em relação à tardia (49,7%). O híbrido AG9025 PRO3 manteve estável a porcentagem de incidência de fungos em função das doses de nitrogênio. Nenhuma correlação significativa foi observada entre a porcentagem de grãos normais e fermentados com a incidência de F. verticillioides.


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