Candida albicans SC5314 inhibits NLRP3/NLRP6 inflammasome expression and dampens human intestinal barrier activity in Caco-2 cell monolayer model

The intestinal epithelial layer forms a barrier through cell–cell tight junctions and breaking or even slightly disrupting this barrier can lead to serious pathological consequences, including infection and inflammation.

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Inhibition of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Attenuates Butyrate-Induced Intestinal Barrier Impairment in a Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition ◽

10.1097/mpg.0000000000000369 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 264-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xiao-Zhong Huang ◽

Zhong-Rong Li ◽

Li-Bin Zhu ◽

Hui-Ya Huang ◽

Long-Long Hou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Cell Monolayer ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Monolayer Model

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Regulatory effects of flavonoids luteolin on BDE-209-induced intestinal epithelial barrier damage in Caco-2 cell monolayer model

Food and Chemical Toxicology ◽

10.1016/j.fct.2021.112098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 150 ◽

pp. 112098

Author(s):

Jinwen Yuan ◽

Siyan Che ◽

Zheng Ruan ◽

Luqing Song ◽

Rongxue Tang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Monolayer ◽

Epithelial Barrier ◽

Intestinal Epithelial ◽

Intestinal Epithelial Barrier ◽

Regulatory Effects ◽

Monolayer Model ◽

Bde 209

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Candida albicans Sun41p, a Putative Glycosidase, Is Involved in Morphogenesis, Cell Wall Biogenesis, and Biofilm Formation

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00285-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 2056-2065 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Ekkehard Hiller ◽

Sonja Heine ◽

Herwig Brunner ◽

Steffen Rupp

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Cell Monolayer ◽

The Sun ◽

Calcofluor White ◽

Cellular Processes ◽

Cell Wall Biogenesis ◽

Reduced Adherence ◽

Higher Sensitivity

ABSTRACT The SUN gene family has been defined in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and comprises a fungus-specific family of proteins which show high similarity in their C-terminal domains. Genes of this family are involved in different cellular processes, like DNA replication, aging, mitochondrial biogenesis, and cytokinesis. In Candida albicans the SUN family comprises two genes, SUN41 and SIM1. We demonstrate that C. albicans mutants lacking SUN41 show similar defects as found for S. cerevisiae, including defects in cytokinesis. In addition, the SUN41 mutant showed a higher sensitivity towards the cell wall-disturbing agent Congo red, whereas no difference was observed in the presence of calcofluor white. Compared to the wild type, SUN41 deletion strains exhibited a defect in biofilm formation, a reduced adherence on a Caco-2 cell monolayer, and were unable to form hyphae on solid medium under the conditions tested. Interestingly, Sun41p was found to be secreted in the medium of cells growing as blastospores as well as those forming hyphae. Our results support a function of SUN41p as a glycosidase involved in cytokinesis, cell wall biogenesis, adhesion to host tissue, and biofilm formation, indicating an important role in the host-pathogen interaction.

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Mycotoxins: Biotransformation and Bioavailability Assessment Using Caco-2 Cell Monolayer

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins12100628 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 628

Author(s):

Van Nguyen Tran ◽

Jitka Viktorová ◽

Tomáš Ruml

Keyword(s):

Cell Monolayer ◽

Intestinal Barrier ◽

Intestinal Transport ◽

Human Colon ◽

In Vitro Models ◽

Biologically Active ◽

In Vitro Techniques ◽

In Vivo Cytotoxicity

The determination of mycotoxins content in food is not sufficient for the prediction of their potential in vivo cytotoxicity because it does not reflect their bioavailability and mutual interactions within complex matrices, which may significantly alter the toxic effects. Moreover, many mycotoxins undergo biotransformation and metabolization during the intestinal absorption process. Biotransformation is predominantly the conversion of mycotoxins meditated by cytochrome P450 and other enzymes. This should transform the toxins to nontoxic metabolites but it may possibly result in unexpectedly high toxicity. Therefore, the verification of biotransformation and bioavailability provides valuable information to correctly interpret occurrence data and biomonitoring results. Among all of the methods available, the in vitro models using monolayer formed by epithelial cells from the human colon (Caco-2 cell) have been extensively used for evaluating the permeability, bioavailability, intestinal transport, and metabolism of toxic and biologically active compounds. Here, the strengths and limitations of both in vivo and in vitro techniques used to determine bioavailability are reviewed, along with current detailed data about biotransformation of mycotoxins. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism of mycotoxin effects is also discussed regarding the disorder of intestinal barrier integrity induced by mycotoxins.

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Studies on intestinal transport of ginsenoside compatibility with Veratrum nigrum via Caco-2 cell monolayer model coupled with UPLC-ESI-MS method

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities ◽

10.1007/s40242-015-5207-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (6) ◽

pp. 914-918 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yinghui Ma ◽

Yuanyuan Liu ◽

Mengying Wei ◽

Fengrui Song ◽

Zhongying Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Monolayer ◽

Intestinal Transport ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Monolayer Model

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The “Finger,” a Unique Multicellular Morphology of Candida albicans Induced by CO2and Dependent upon the Ras1-Cyclic AMP Pathway

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00217-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1257-1267 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Karla J. Daniels ◽

Claude Pujol ◽

Thyagarajan Srikantha ◽

David R. Soll

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Cyclic Amp ◽

Mutational Analysis ◽

Cell Monolayer ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Content Type ◽

Dispersal Mechanism ◽

Basal Bulb ◽

High Doses

ABSTRACTMost experiments exploring the basic biology of pathogenic microbes are performedin vitrounder conditions that do not usually mimic those of their host niche. Hence, developmental programs initiated by specific host cues may be missedin vitro. We have tested the effects of growing low-density agar cultures of the yeast pathogenCandida albicansin concentrations of CO2found in the gastrointestinal tract. It is demonstrated that in physiological concentrations of CO2at 37°C, yeast cells form a heretofore undescribed multicellular “finger” morphology distinct from a previously described stalk-like structure induced by high doses of UV irradiation that kills more than 99.99% of cells. The finger extends aerially, is uniform in diameter, and is visible to the naked eye, attaining lengths of 3 mm. It is composed of a basal yeast cell monolayer adhering to a semispherical crater formed in the agar and connected to a basal bulb of yeast cells at a fragile interface. The bulb extends into the long shaft. We propose that a single, centrally located hypha extending the length of the shaft forms buds at compartment junctions that serve as the source of the yeast cells in the shaft. A mutational analysis reveals finger formation is dependent upon the pathway Ras1→Cdc35→cyclic AMP (cAMP) (PDE2—|)→Tpk2→Tec1. Because of the mechanically fragile interface and the compactness of bulb and shaft, we suggest that the finger may function as a multicellular dispersal mechanism produced in host niches containing high levels of CO2.

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