The relationship between changes in IL-2 / IL-18 and liver enzyme with dengue severity

Our study aims to determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among the Northern Taiwanese indigenous population and to explore the relationship between MetS and liver enzyme, especially serum alanine transaminase (ALT). This is an observational and cross-sectional study that was conducted in remote villages of an indigenous community in Northern Taiwan between 2010 and 2015. MetS was defined based on the revised NCEP/ATPIII criteria from Taiwan Health Promotion Administration. A total of 454 participants were included in the analysis. There were 277 people with MetS and 177 people without. The prevalence of MetS was 61.01%. The average age was 49.50 years. People with MetS had a significantly higher liver enzyme (ALT) level than those without MetS. In addition, the study showed that participants with higher ALT had a tendency towards a higher prevalence of MetS (76.7% vs. 57.3%, p = 0.001). The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ALT levels >36 U/L for MetS was 2.79 (95% CI = 1.24–6.27, p = 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the ALT level was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.58–0.68, p < 0.001), which showed that the ALT level was positively associated with MetS. The overall prevalence of MetS was 61.01% in the highland indigenous population in Northern Taiwan; this study indicated that higher serum ALT levels were associated with an increased risk of MetS.

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A longitudinal study of the relationship between vitamin A supplementation and plasma retinol, retinyl esters, and liver enzyme activities in a healthy elderly population

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/54.5.878 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (5) ◽

pp. 878-883 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

P M Stauber ◽

B Sherry ◽

D J VanderJagt ◽

H N Bhagavan ◽

P J Garry

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Vitamin A ◽

Liver Enzyme ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Vitamin A Supplementation ◽

Healthy Elderly ◽

Retinyl Esters ◽

Plasma Retinol ◽

The Relationship

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The relationship of liver enzyme abnormalities and obesity in Aboriginal children in Taiwan

Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/s00535-004-1467-x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 1170-1174 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tsai-Chung Li ◽

Chiu-Shong Liu ◽

Cheng-Chieh Lin

Keyword(s):

Liver Enzyme ◽

Relationship Of ◽

Aboriginal Children ◽

The Relationship

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Evaluation of Common Liver Problems

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/87507315-94-2-149 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 149-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alyn L. Adrain ◽

Hemchand Ramberan ◽

Gayle J. Weaver

Keyword(s):

Differential Diagnosis ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Liver Enzyme ◽

Liver Diseases ◽

Practical Approach ◽

Surgical Patients ◽

The Relationship

Diseases of the liver and abnormalities of liver enzyme levels are among the most common reasons for gastroenterology consultation for surgical patients. Although the differential diagnosis of liver disease is exceedingly broad, the majority of patients will have one of several common disorders. A familiarity with the major disorders affecting the liver and the approach to patients with liver disease is therefore useful for clinicians from all disciplines. This article reviews common liver diseases, including the viral hepatitides; the interpretation of liver enzyme abnormalities; and the relationship between common medications and liver disease. Although an exhaustive knowledge of hepatology is impractical for most clinicians, a practical approach to common liver diseases is a necessity for all. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(2): 149-156, 2004)

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Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

Symposium - International Astronomical Union ◽

10.1017/s0074180900101032 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 31 ◽

pp. 239-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

F. J. Kerr

Keyword(s):

Central Region ◽

Galactic Plane ◽

Neutral Hydrogen ◽

Continuum Emission ◽

Galactic Centre ◽

Interstellar Gas ◽

Hydrogen Recombination ◽

The Galaxy ◽

Centre Region ◽

The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

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The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽

10.1017/s0094837300025707 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 6 (02) ◽

pp. 146-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

William A. Oliver

Keyword(s):

Critical Points ◽

Scleractinian Corals ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Early Triassic ◽

Rugose Corals ◽

History Of ◽

The Subject ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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Choosing a Markov blanket

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19002632 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

Author(s):

Thomas Parr

Keyword(s):

Markov Blanket ◽

Target Article ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

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Tinkering with cognitive gadgets: Cultural evolutionary psychology meets active inference

Behavioral and Brain Sciences ◽

10.1017/s0140525x19001018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽

Axel Constant ◽

Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Psychology ◽

Research Program ◽

Active Inference ◽

Innovative Research ◽

Cognitive Faculties ◽

Cultural Evolutionary ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.

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