Wear of zirconium-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic against several restorative materials

Clinical Relevance Light transmission through dental materials and tooth structure has direct clinical implication on such factors as selecting an appropriate curing technique during a restorative process. SUMMARY Introduction: This study aims to quantify and compare the amount of light that passes through seven different types of direct and indirect restorative materials comprising light-cured resin based composites (regular and bulk-fill), computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) restoratives such as resin based composites, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resin, leucite glass-ceramic, lithium silicate glass-ceramic, feldspar ceramic, and the natural tooth structure. Methods and Materials: Individual sets (n=6) of plane-parallel test specimens (2 mm) of 32 restorative materials belonging to the aforementioned seven material types and the tooth structure were prepared. Within the analyzed materials, one leucite glass-ceramic and one lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were considered in two different translucencies. In addition, two light-cured resin composites, one CAD/CAM resin composite, and one lithium disilicate glass-ceramic were considered in two different shades. Optical properties (transmittance, T; absorbance, A; and opacity, O) of each material were calculated from the relationship between incident and transmitted irradiance [I(d)] using a violet-blue light-curing unit. Incident and transmitted irradiance were assessed in real time on a spectrophotometer. A multivariate analysis (general linear model) assessed the effects of various parameters on the optical properties. Results: A very strong influence of the parameter material was identified on I(d) (p<0.001; partial eta squared, ηP2=0.953), T (p<0.001; ηP2=0.951), A (p<0.001; ηP2=0.925), and O (p<0.001; ηP2=0.886), while the effect of the parameter material type was not significant (p=0.079, p=0.05, p=0.05, and p=0.051, respectively). Light attenuation differed significantly by material within each shade category and by shade category within the analyzed material. Conclusions: Attenuation of light through restorative materials and tooth structure is high (59.9% to 94.9%); thus, deficits in polymerization are difficult to compensate for by additional light exposure at the end of the restorative process.

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Fracture Resistance of Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Crowns Cemented with Conventional or Adhesive Systems: An In Vitro Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13092012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (9) ◽

pp. 2012

Author(s):

Gianmaria D’Addazio ◽

Manlio Santilli ◽

Marco Lorenzo Rollo ◽

Paolo Cardelli ◽

Imena Rexhepi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Test ◽

Testing Machine ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Human Tooth ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Aesthetic Characteristics ◽

Silicate Ceramic

In recent years, Zirconia-reinforced Lithium Silicate ceramic (ZLS), combining lithium-silicate and zirconia features, has shown to have excellent mechanical and aesthetic characteristics. Thus, the aim of this study was to compare the fracture strength of ZLS single crowns cemented with two different cementation techniques. Twenty crowns were realised and cemented on teeth replicas achieved from an extracted premolar human tooth. The samples were divided into two groups of 10 specimens each, Glass-ionomeric cement (GIC) group and Self-Adhesive Resin Cement (ARC) group. The mechanical test was performed using a universal testing machine. The specimens were then evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify for all crowns and related abutments the pattern of fracture after the breaking point. The data obtained were statistically analysed. The mean fracture toughness values and standard deviations (±SD) were 2227 ± 382 N and 3712 ± 319 N respectively for GIC and ARC groups. In fact, t-test showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.001). Moreover, the SEM results demonstrated portions of abutments still attached to the crown fragments in the ARC group, whilst these were not present in the GIC group. Within the limitations of this study, these results suggest the use of adhesive cementation for ZLS crowns, which significantly increase the compressive strength of ZLS restorations compared to GIC.

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Comparison of Bond Strength of Monolithic CAD-CAM Materials to Resin Cement Using Different Surface Treatment Methods

Journal of Advanced Oral Research ◽

10.1177/2320206819862062 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 120-127

Author(s):

Sevki Cinar ◽

Bike Altan ◽

Gokhan Akgungor

Keyword(s):

Bond Strength ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Surface Treatments ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Treatment Methods ◽

Cad Cam ◽

Post Hoc ◽

Hybrid Ceramic ◽

Silicate Ceramic

Objective: To compare the bond strength of monolithic CAD-CAM materials to resin cement using different surface treatment methods. Materials and Methods: Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS e-max CAD), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (Vita Suprinity), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate), and hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic) were used. Five groups of CAD-CAM blocks were treated as follows: control (C), HF etching (HF), HF etching + silanization (HF + S), sandblasting (SB), and sandblasting + silanization (SB + S). After surface treatments, SEM analyses were conducted. Specimens were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (Theracem) and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h. Shear bond strength (SBS) was measured, and failure types were categorized. Results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and the post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between SBS values obtained for different surface treatments and CAD-CAM block types ( P < .001). Among the CAD-CAM materials, the highest SBS was reported in the HF + S group for Vita Enamic. Although IPS e.max CAD, Vita Suprinity, and Vita Enamic showed higher bond strength when treated with HF + S, Lava Ultimate has the highest bond strength value when treated with SB + S. Conclusions: The bond strength of CAD-CAM materials was influenced by surface treatment. Additionally, silanization significantly improved the bond strength of all materials except Lava Ultimate.

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Radiation-induced effects in neutron- and electron-irradiated lithium silicate ceramic breeder pebbles

Journal of Nuclear Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jnucmat.2020.152347 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 540 ◽

pp. 152347

Author(s):

Julia M. Leys ◽

Arturs Zarins ◽

Janis Cipa ◽

Larisa Baumane ◽

Gunta Kizane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lithium Silicate ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Silicate Ceramic

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Fatigue Behavior of Monolithic Zirconia-Reinforced Lithium Silicate Ceramic Restorations: Effects of Conditionings of the Intaglio Surface and the Resin Cements

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/20-025-l ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

F Dalla-Nora ◽

LF Guilardi ◽

CP Zucuni ◽

LF Valandro ◽

MP Rippe

Keyword(s):

Fatigue Testing ◽

Fatigue Behavior ◽

Silica Coating ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽

Ceramic Surface ◽

Resin Cements ◽

Silicate Ceramic ◽

O 10

SUMMARY Objective: This study assessed the effect of conditioning of the intaglio surface and resin cements on the fatigue behavior of zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS) restorations cemented to a dentin analogue. Methods: ZLS ceramic (Ø=10 mm, thickness=1.5 mm) and dentin analogue (Ø=10 mm, thickness=2.0 mm) discs were produced and allocated according to the study factors, totaling nine study groups: ceramic surface treatment (three levels: hydrofluoric acid etching [HF]; self-etching ceramic primer [EP]; tribochemical silica coating [TBS]) and resin cement (three levels: 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate [nMDP]; MDP–containing conventional resin cement [MDP]; self-adhesive resin cement [SA]). The ceramic bonding surfaces were treated and cemented on the dentin analogue, and all the specimens were aged for 5000 thermal cycles (5°C–55°C) prior to fatigue testing. The stepwise fatigue test (20 Hz frequency) started with a load of 400 N (5000 cycles) followed by steps of 500, 600, and up to 1800 N (step-size: 100 N) at a maximum of 10,000 cycles each step. The specimens were loaded until failure (crack), which was detected by light transillumination and visual inspection at the end of each step. The fatigue failure load and number of cycles for failure data were analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier (log-rank test; α=0.05). Topographic and fractographic analyses were also performed. Results: HF- (973.33–1206.67 N) and EP- (866.67–1066.67 N) treated specimens failed at statistically similar loads and higher than TBS (546.67–733.33 N), regardless of the cement used. All the fractographical inspections demonstrated failure as radial crack. Conclusion: The HF and EP treatments promoted better mechanical fatigue behavior of the ceramic restoration, while tribochemical silica coating induced worse fatigue results and should be avoided for treating the ZLS surface prior to bonding.

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Lithium silicate ceramic surface properties after surface treatment Właściwości ceramiki litowo-silikatowej po obróbce jej powierzchni

PRZEMYSŁ CHEMICZNY ◽

10.15199/62.2017.2.22 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 145-149

Author(s):

Barbara Łapińska

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

Surface Properties ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Ceramic Surface ◽

Silicate Ceramic

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Fabrication of lithium silicate ceramic veneers with a CAD/CAM approach: A clinical report of cleidocranial dysplasia

Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry ◽

10.1016/j.prosdent.2014.10.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 113 (5) ◽

pp. 355-359 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Leonardo Fernandes da Cunha ◽

Eduardo Mukai ◽

Raphael Meneghetti Hamerschmitt ◽

Gisele Maria Correr

Keyword(s):

Lithium Silicate ◽

Cleidocranial Dysplasia ◽

Clinical Report ◽

Cad Cam ◽

Silicate Ceramic

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How a 16% Carbamide Peroxide Home Bleaching Agent Affects the Surface Properties of Chairside CAD/CAM Materials?

Odovtos - International Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.15517/ijds.2021.47853 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 342-353

Author(s):

Tugba Serin-Kalay ◽

Beyza Zaim

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Surface Analysis ◽

Lithium Silicate ◽

Bleaching Agent ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Restorative Materials ◽

Cad Cam

Surface changes of restorative materials after bleaching have clinical importance in terms of the durability and survival of restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of home bleaching on the surface roughness, microhardness, and surface analysis of four different types of chairside computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials. Specimens were prepared from composite resin (Brilliant Crios: BC), resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate: LU), polymer-infiltrated ceramic-network (Vita Enamic: VE), and zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate glass-ceramic (Vita Suprinity: VS) CAD/CAM materials. Specimens were polished using 800, 1000, 1200, and 2000 grit SiC papers. Each restorative material was randomly divided into two groups; control and bleaching (n=10). The 16% carbamide peroxide bleaching agent (Whiteness Perfect 16%, FGM) was applied to the specimens for 4 h/day for 14 days. Surface roughness values (Ra) were obtained using a profilometer, and microhardness values (VHN) were obtained using a Vickers microhardness test. Surface analysis of specimens was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Data were analyzed Two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) test (p<0.05). After bleaching, the surface roughness of BC (p<0.001) and VE (p<0.032) significantly increased. Bleaching did not significantly affect the microhardness of CAD/CAM materials. SEM evaluation showed material-dependent surface damages after bleaching procedures. The effect of 16% carbamide peroxide home bleaching agent on surface roughness and microhardness of chairside CAD/CAM materials is material-dependent. Before bleaching, restorative materials should be protected by applying a protective barrier and contact with the bleaching agent should be minimized. Also, after bleaching, the restoration surface should be carefully inspected, and re-polishing might be beneficial.

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