Research on 3D printing process and properties of diamond–resin composites based on digital light processing

2021 ◽  
pp. 108715
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Meng ◽  
Wenxin Yang ◽  
Xin Deng
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process

Effect of print orientation on microstructural features and mechanical properties of 3D porous structures printed with continuous digital light processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1029
Author(s):  
Javier Navarro ◽  
Matthew Din ◽  
Morgan Elizabeth Janes ◽  
Jay Swayambunathan ◽  
John P. Fisher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Biaxial Loading ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Simple Compression ◽  
Microct Imaging ◽  
Microporous Scaffolds ◽  
Part Orientation

Purpose This paper aims to study the effects of part orientation during the 3D printing process, particularly to the case of using continuous digital light processing (cDLP) technology. Design/methodology/approach The effects of print orientation on the print accuracy of microstructural features were assessed using microCT imaging and mechanical properties of cDLP microporous scaffolds were characterized under simple compression and complex biaxial loading. Resin viscosity was also quantified to incorporate this factor in the printing discussion. Findings The combined effect of print resin viscosity and the orientation and spacing of pores within the structure alters how uncrosslinked resin flows within the construct during cDLP printing. Microstructural features in horizontally printed structures exhibited greater agreement to the design dimensions than vertically printed constructs. While cDLP technologies have the potential to produce mechanically isotropic solid constructs because of bond homogeneity, the effect of print orientation on microstructural feature sizes can result in structurally anisotropic porous constructs. Originality/value This work is useful to elucidate on the specific capabilities of 3D printing cDLP technology. The orientation of the part can be used to optimize the printing process, directly altering parameters such as the supporting structures required, print time, layering, shrinkage or surface roughness. This study further detailed the effects on the mechanical properties and the print accuracy of the printed scaffolds.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric microphone via a digital light processing 3D printing process

2019 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 107593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Tiller ◽  
Andrew Reid ◽  
Botong Zhu ◽  
José Guerreiro ◽  
Roger Domingo-Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process

scholarly journals Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D Printing of Atomoxetine Hydrochloride Tablets Using Photoreactive Suspensions

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Krkobabić ◽  
Djordje Medarević ◽  
Nikola Pešić ◽  
Dragana Vasiljević ◽  
Branka Ivković ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Poly Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Sustained Drug Release ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
Poly Ethylene

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies are based on successive material printing layer-by-layer and are considered suitable for the production of dosage forms customized for a patient’s needs. In this study, tablets of atomoxetine hydrochloride (ATH) have been successfully fabricated by a digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology. Initial materials were photoreactive suspensions, composed of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate 700 (PEGDA 700), poly(ethylene glycol) 400 (PEG 400), photoinitiator and suspended ATH. The amount of ATH was varied from 10.00 to 25.00% (w/w), and a range of doses from 12.21 to 40.07 mg has been achieved, indicating the possibility of personalized therapy. The rheological characteristics of all photoreactive suspensions were appropriate for the printing process, while the amount of the suspended particles in the photoreactive suspensions had an impact on the 3D printing process, as well as on mechanical and biopharmaceutical characteristics of tablets. Only the formulation with the highest content of ATH had significantly different tensile strength compared to other formulations. All tablets showed sustained drug release during at least the 8h. ATH crystals were observed with polarized light microscopy of photoreactive suspensions and the cross-sections of the tablets, while no interactions between ATH and polymers were detected by FT-IR spectroscopy.

Handcrafted digital light processing apparatus for additively manufacturing oral-prosthesis targeted nano-ceramic resin composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Lu Yao ◽  
Peixin Hu ◽  
Yiyi Zhao ◽  
Qi Tao Lue ◽  
Zilin Nie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Dental Implant ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Photosensitive Resin ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract 3D-printing finds increasing applications including the dental implant. We report in this study a nicely printed and then cured composite consisting of nano-ceramic and photosensitive resin, targeting oral prosthesis application. The results show that the 3D-printed material has good geometry accuracy and satisfactory hardness, justifying its potential as an advanced manufacturing methodology for future dentistry.

scholarly journals PET-RAFT Facilitated 3D Printing of Polymeric Materials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bagheri ◽  
Chris Bainbridge ◽  
Kyle Edward Engel ◽  
GREG QIAO ◽  
Jiangtao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Eosin Y ◽  
Initiation Mechanism ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
532 Nm

Photopolymerization-based 3D printing process is typically conducted using nonliving free radical polymerization, which leads to fabrication of immutable materials. An alternative 3D printing of polymeric materials using trithiocarbonate (TTC) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents has always been a challenge for material and polymer scientists. Herein we report the first 3D printing of RAFT-based formulations that can be conducted fully open to air using standard digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and under mild conditions of visible light at blue (λ <sub>max</sub> = 483 nm, 4.16 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) or green (λ <sub>max</sub> = 532 nm, 0.48 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) wavelength. Our approach is based on activation of TTC RAFT agents using eosin Y (EY) as a photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) catalyst in the presence of a reducing agent (tertiary amine), which facilitated oxygen tolerant 3D printing process via a reductive PET initiation mechanism. Re-activation of the TTCs present within the polymer networks enables post-printing monomer insertion into the outer layers of an already printed dormant object under second RAFT process, which provides a new pathway to design a more complex 3D printing. To our best knowledge, this is the first example of open-to-air PET-RAFT facilitated 3D printing of polymeric materials. We believe that our strategy is a significant step forward in the field of 3D printing.

scholarly journals Fabrication PEGDA/ANFs Biomaterial as 3D Tissue Engineering Scaffold by DLP 3D Printing Tecshnology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 751-758 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffold ◽  
3D Scaffold ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Glycol Diacrylate ◽  
Fused Deposition

Although traditional fabrication methods (electrospinning, solvent casting, freeze drying, etc...) can be used to produce scaffold, unfortunately, each of them has many limitations such as difficulty to control distinct 3D structure and porosity. These limitations can be easily overcome by unconventional techniques such as Fused Deposition Method (FDM), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Stereolithography (SLA) to produce tissue engineering scaffold. Among the three, SLA offers the lowest cost, fastest printing speed and highest resolution. Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing process is one of the SLA techniques which has been used a lot to fabricate tissue engineering scaffold based on Poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) material. However, there is no report published on the fabrication of tissue engineering scaffold based PEGDA filled with Aramid Nanofiber (ANFs). Hence, the feasible parameter setting for fabricating this material using DLP technique is currently unknown. The aim of this work is to establish the best feasible condition to fabricate PEGDA/ANFs 3D scaffold. ANFs was synthesized first from macro size Kevlar fiber prior to crosslinking with Diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide (TPO) photoinitiator. The mixing ratio of PEGDA resin to ANFs was fixed to 9:1. The concentration of TPO was varied at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.7% wt. while the resin concentration was fixed at 30% during the mixing to produce three set of biomaterials. Calibration printing was conducted prior to actual printing with the purpose of eliminating unprintable TPO concentration. The final scaffold was printed using DLP machine (FEMTO…) at two different curing times i.e 70 and 80s to obtain a good shape and printable 3D structure. The synthesized ANFs showed that a single diameter in nano size at a range of 50 nm ~ 80 nm was able to produce. During calibration printing, it was found that 1.7%wt of TPO failed to produce a 3D profile shape. The final printing results of 0.5%wt and 1%wt of TPO were compared after being cured at 70s and 80s. It was observed that the printed 3D scaffold of 1%wt TPO at 70s curing time produces the most discernable shape of tensile specimen (ISO 37:2011) than the other three conditions. The findings from this study can be potentially used a guideline for developing a 3D structure of tissue engineering scaffold by using DLP 3D printing process.

scholarly journals On the technological and dimensional considerations for generating parts by 3D-printed with light processing focus

2019 ◽  
Vol XXII (1) ◽  
pp. 289-296
Author(s):  
Vasilescu M. D.
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Surface Generation ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cost

The paper takes into account the specific process of generation and parameters setting of 3D printing process DLP (Digital Light Processing) which have an influence on the characteristics of planar surface of the parts. In the first part of the paper the study is conduct to determinate the parameters which can influence the process of implementation of flat surfaces pieces with 3D DLP process printing. In this part there is and a comparison with the method of generating the marker method 3D printing FDM (Fuse Deposit Modelling). It has chosen this solution because on the one hand the cost of parts are medium, as well as generating principle is relatively simple in terms of technological point of view, but as well as the accuracy and quality of surface generation made with this printing is much better than that provided by the process of asking for a comparison is made. Analysis of the surface will be done so about using an optical microscope with a magnification of 0-500 times, and by means of an electronic measure for dimensional parts as well as for spatial areas of the deviations generated. In it also make references to the methodology of generating flat surfaces and to influence the way their generation characteristics of the parts generated by the 3D printing process type DLP. It should be pointed out that from the perspective of the characteristics of the surfaces generated in literature there are few references in this direction being those areas indicated in the area, as well as acting, although the products have engineering applications.

scholarly journals PET-RAFT Facilitated 3D Printing of Polymeric Materials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bagheri ◽  
Chris Bainbridge ◽  
Kyle Edward Engel ◽  
GREG QIAO ◽  
Jiangtao Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Polymer Networks ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Eosin Y ◽  
Initiation Mechanism ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Reversible Addition ◽  
Significant Step ◽  
532 Nm

Photopolymerization-based 3D printing process is typically conducted using nonliving free radical polymerization, which leads to fabrication of immutable materials. An alternative 3D printing of polymeric materials using trithiocarbonate (TTC) reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agents has always been a challenge for material and polymer scientists. Herein we report the first 3D printing of RAFT-based formulations that can be conducted fully open to air using standard digital light processing (DLP) 3D printer and under mild conditions of visible light at blue (λ <sub>max</sub> = 483 nm, 4.16 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) or green (λ <sub>max</sub> = 532 nm, 0.48 mW/cm<sup>2</sup>) wavelength. Our approach is based on activation of TTC RAFT agents using eosin Y (EY) as a photoinduced electron-transfer (PET) catalyst in the presence of a reducing agent (tertiary amine), which facilitated oxygen tolerant 3D printing process via a reductive PET initiation mechanism. Re-activation of the TTCs present within the polymer networks enables post-printing monomer insertion into the outer layers of an already printed dormant object under second RAFT process, which provides a new pathway to design a more complex 3D printing. To our best knowledge, this is the first example of open-to-air PET-RAFT facilitated 3D printing of polymeric materials. We believe that our strategy is a significant step forward in the field of 3D printing.

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