Benefits of 3D printing technologies for aerospace lattice structures

The article makes a brief presentation of the latest 3D printing methods that are used for manufacturing aerospace lattice structures. Most 3D printing technologies are not fully deployed on the industrial scale of aerospace sector, but are rather used for rapid prototyping of components. One of the main potential applications is for them to offer a rapid solution for remote operations, where it is difficult to supply parts. Additive manufactured lattice structures are cellular structures based on biomimicry (inspired from nature lattice structures such as bones, metal crystallography, etc.), that possess many superior properties compared to solid materials and are ideal for fabricating aerospace structures mainly due to the mass reduction they introduce and the high strength-to-weight ratio. Their mechanical properties are defined by the infill percentage, the geometry of the cell structure and the material used in the manufacturing process.

Designing Unmanned Underwater Vehicles through Biomimicry

Research vessels or small craft equipped for the specific purposes lead geological, geophysical and oceanographic research both at the coastal and offshore areas for constructing and surveying the engineering projects such as offshore structures, undersea pipelines, harbours, oil and natural gas extraction plants from resources etc., which require extensive labourship. However, this research method applied entails very high costs and can also include risks for occupational safety and property due to the harsh weather conditions at sea. In addition, high precision measurements cannot always function from the sea surface during such research projects above-mentioned. Thus, unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) have been designed and produced intensively in the last two decades. The aim of this study was to generate form design of a proper unmanned underwater surveying vehicle to be able to conduct research on the geological and geophysical structure of the sea bottom as well as oceanographic opinions. Therefore, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of the DARPA Suboff submarine model was created, and the validation of the results obtained in these analyses was provided with those of the experiments of this DARPA Suboff model performed by Liu and Huang [1]. After successful conformity of the simulations carried out using the commercial software STAR CCM+ (Simulation of Turbulent flow in Arbitrary Regions - Computational Continuum Mechanics, C++ based), the UUV forms were created by means of different way including biomimicry methodology. In this context, the models of a mature goose-beaked whale (ziphius cavirostris), a mature sperm whale (physeter macrocephalus) and two torpedo-shaped UUV models as well a hybrid model including parts of a whale and torpedo-forms with the same displacement were analysed, and the results obtained were discussed.

Self-repairing mechanical components using artificial Intelligence

In this paper, we study the applicability of artificial intelligence for designing mechanical components that can repair themselves. We use the Cellular Automata (CA) model implemented as a Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to simulate the automatic growth and repair of a mechanical component from a small seed. Concretely, we start with an empty 2D grid of cells. Using the CNN, the cells will learn to self-organize into the image of a mechanical component. We simulate the damage to the component by deleting some parts of the imagine and show how they are automatically regenerated.

Hydrodynamic study of the flow developed around a bare hull ship in static drift motion

The present study gives a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based insight into the three-dimensional incident flow developed around a very large crude carrier ship during static drift motion. The research proposes a set of virtual Planar Motion Mechanism (PMM) tests of “static drift” type conducted for a number of seven drift angles in the range of -9o to +9o . The emergence and development of vortical structures along the 1:58 KRISO Very Large Crude Carrier 2 (KVLCC2) tanker model are examined and explained, the influence of the considered drift angles being highlighted.

oT Architecture and Applications in Healthcare Systems

This paper provides a detailed overview of the intelligent health system that uses the concept of the Internet of Things. Various technologies implemented together with their applications are analyzed in this paper. An increasing number of IoT devices are currently available on the market to support patients, each with different technologies are explored into this document. The paper also presents a comparison between different sensors used in the field of healthcare and their types, IoT architecture, tools and technologies used for the development of IoT systems in the field of healthcare.

Management tools for implementation and monitoring of requirements for enforcement of reducing sulphur oxides on ships: Latvia and Lithuania cases

The main type of bunker oil for ships is heavy fuel oil, derived as а residue from crude oil distillation. Crude oil contains sulphur which, following combustion in the engine, ends up in ship emissions. Sulphur oxides (SOx) are known to be harmful to human health, causing respiratory symptoms and lung diseases. Limiting SOx emissions from ships will improve air quality and protect the environment. From 1 January 2020, the limit for sulphur in fuel oil used on board ships operating outside designated emission control areas is reduced to 0,50% m/m. However, there are varying degrees of readiness among port and flag states for implementation and monitoring of requirements for enforcement of reducing Sulphur oxides on ships. In this paper are described management tools of states for implementing the inspection on Sulphur in ships fuel, analysed the states institutions activities for the enforcement of reducing Sulphur oxides on ships, and indicated the possibilities of increasing effectiveness of the management tools in Latvia and Lithuania.

Assessments regarding the planning and control of activities and resources for ship repair and maintenance works

The repair and maintenance operations carried out within a shipyard are correlated with the process of ensuring and managing the resources necessary to carry out the works included in the technical specification. Resource planning is a complex issue that can be addressed from several points of view. Initially, the planning of activities is done taking into account only the analysis of the time parameter and the dependencies between activities imposed by the technological process. The practice of the activities carried out in a shipyard has demonstrated that an analysis of the necessary resources according to the existing availability is also necessary. There are many unforeseen situations that can affect both the time of work and resources (material, financial, human) thus complicating the process of planning activities. This paper proposes a way to analyze the resource requirements of a repair project based on available resources, through Critical Path Method diagrams. This provides a comparative view of the daily required profile for a particular resource associated with the project in respect to the daily available profile of the shipyard.

Perspectives on advanced and basic engineering technologies

After presenting in the Introduction the goals of the paper, in its second section the paper is presenting and summarizing important features and details about the professional engineering software programs such as CAD, CAM, CIM, CFD, their advantages and downsides and how they have been used and have been helpful until now. In the second section of the paper, the computer games exhibiting the construction’s feature are presented and how they are impacting the today’s children’s lives. In the last section, the paper draws conclusions about the products of the game industry in general, its possible evolution and also about the engineering technologies in particular and brings the software programs in relationship with the nowadays’ advanced technologies: Artificial Intelligence (AI), big data, block chain technology, 3D printing, Virtual Reality (VR) and Internet of Things (IoT).

A first approach of the hydrological factors’ influence on the maritime navigation in the Black Sea

Efficient modern navigation is determined, among the other things, by the knowledge of the influence of the main hydrological factors on the movement of the ship, in different sea states. This paper aims to be a first approach on the influence of important hydrological factors such as waves, sea currents, sea level oscillations on navigation in an enclosed sea basin - the Black Sea, with specific physical geographical and hydrographic characteristics.

Low passive filters applications in naval engineering

In this paper one analyses different low passive filters that are used successfully in naval engineering applications. Filters are successfully used in marine control systems, supply systems on board or for reduction of harmonic distortion. The advantages and disadvantages of the filters were also presented. Using Matlab and Simulink the filters electrical circuits (3 rd and 5 th order passive filters Chebyshev and Elliptical are considered in this paper) were analysed.