Data of cost-optimal solutions and retrofit design methods for school renovation in a warm climate

Abstract Strong coupling of the physical and control parts within complex dynamic systems should be addressed by integrated design approaches that can manage such interactions. Otherwise, the final solution will be suboptimal or even infeasible. Combined design and control (co-design) methods can tackle this issue by managing the mentioned interactions and can result in superior optimal solutions. Current co-design methods are applicable to simplified non-interconnected systems; however, these methods might be impractical or even impossible to apply to real-world interconnected dynamic systems, hindering designers from obtaining the system-level optimal solutions. This work addresses this issue by developing an optimization algorithm which combines a decomposition-based optimization strategy known as analytical target cascading (ATC) with a co-design-centric formulation of multidisciplinary dynamic system design optimization (MDSDO). Considering the time-dependent linking variables among the dynamic systems’ components, a new consistency measure has also been proposed to manage such quantities in the optimization process. Finally, a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain, representative of an interconnected dynamic system, has been studied to validate the new algorithm’s results against the conventional all-at-once (AAO) MDSDO. Although the numerical results from the ATC-MDSDO slightly deviate from those in the AAO-MDSDO, this method can play a crucial role as a benchmark when the AAO solution is unattainable or a distributed design paradigm is required.

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Optimal Design of the Vertical Earthing with Electrodes Arranged in Line

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app10031177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1177

Author(s):

Sorin Gheorghe Pavel ◽

Virgil Maier ◽

Claudiu Ciorca ◽

Horia Gheorghe Beleiu ◽

Iulian Birou

Keyword(s):

Optimal Design ◽

Design Methods ◽

Optimal Solutions ◽

Dispersion Surface ◽

The Earth ◽

Electrode Length ◽

Design Value ◽

Space Material ◽

Footprint Area ◽

Earth Electrode

The design methods of earthing from standards recommend the choice of electrode lengths and propose that the distances between electrodes to be 1–3 times larger than their length. The number of electrodes is determined from the condition of achieving the design earth resistance, while the design ends with the choice of one of the variants. This paper presents the methodology for calculating the earthing system with cylindrical, vertical electrodes arranged in a line. The main variables are the length and the number of earth electrodes, as well as the distance between adjacent ones. Firstly, a set of technologically advantageous values for the earth electrode length is established (e.g., 10 values). For each value of the electrode length and different numbers of electrodes (e.g., 11 values), the distance between adjacent electrodes is determined (e.g., for 110 cases), which leads to the design value resistance. Finally, optimal solutions are identified based on the five optimal applied criteria. The proposed optimal criteria for earthing design are the footprint area, the total earthing volume, the total dispersion surface, the total metal mass, and the investment costs. Comparing the optimal solutions with other technically possible solutions clearly highlights substantial savings concerning space, material, and cost.

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Section 4.a Introduction

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2017.239 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Silvia PIZZOCARO ◽

Pınar KAYGAN ◽

HARMAN Kerry ◽

Erik BOHEMIA

Keyword(s):

Social Problems ◽

Elderly Care ◽

Child Poverty ◽

Design Methods ◽

Innovative Solutions ◽

Design Council

Co-design is a process in which designers and users collaborate as ‘equals’ to develop innovative solutions. Co-design methods are increasingly used by professional designers to facilitate and enable users to co-develop innovative solutions for ‘themselves’. For example, the Design Council is advocating the use of co-design methods to support the development of practical innovative solutions to social problems such as increased cost of elderly care and tackling child poverty. The involvement of users in developing solutions acknowledges that their take up is dependent on the ways users create and negotiate meanings of objects and services.

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Design as an Agent for Public Policy Innovation

Conference Proceedings of the Academy for Design Innovation Management ◽

10.33114/adim.2019.06.231 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Federico VAZ ◽

Sharon PRENDEVILLE

Keyword(s):

Public Policy ◽

Process Model ◽

Public Policies ◽

Policy Innovation ◽

Design Methods ◽

Policy Effectiveness ◽

The Public ◽

Dependent Activity ◽

Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽

Context Dependent

Described as units developing public policies in a design-oriented manner, Policy Labs are tasked to innovate to gain in policy effectiveness and efficiency. However, as public policymaking is a context-dependent activity, the way in which these novel organisations operate significantly differs. This study discusses the emergence of design approaches for policy innovation. The purpose is to map how Policy Labs in Europe introduce design approaches at distinct stages of the policymaking cycle. For this study, 30 organisations in Europe operating at various levels of government were surveyed. Based on the public policymaking process model, it investigates which design methods are Policy Labs deploying to innovate public policies. The study exposed a gap in the awareness of the utilised methods' nature. It also showed that the use of design methods is of less importance than the introduction of design mindsets for public policy innovation, namely ‘user-centredness’, ‘co-creation’, and ‘exploration’.

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