scholarly journals Characterization of alcohol polygenic risk scores in the context of mental health outcomes: Within-individual and intergenerational analyses in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 108654
Author(s):  
Kayleigh E Easey ◽  
Robyn E Wootton ◽  
Hannah M Sallis ◽  
Elis Haan ◽  
Laura Schellhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

scholarly journals Maternal and child genetic liability for smoking and caffeine consumption and child mental health: An intergenerational polygenic risk score analysis in the ALSPAC cohort

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Schellhas ◽  
Elis Haan ◽  
Kayleigh Easey ◽  
Robyn E Wootton ◽  
Hannah Sallis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Caffeine Consumption ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Childhood Mental Health ◽  
Parents And Children

Background and aims: Previous studies suggest an association between maternal tobacco and caffeine consumption during and outside of pregnancy and offspring mental health. We used an intergenerational polygenic risk scores (PRS) approach to disentangle effects of the maternal environment (intrauterine or postnatal) and pleiotropic genetic effects. Specifically, we 1) validated smoking and caffeine PRS derived from published GWAS for use during pregnancy, 2) compared estimated effects of maternal and offspring PRS on childhood mental health outcomes, and 3) tested associations between maternal and offspring PRS on their own outcomes. Design: PRS were created for smoking and caffeine consumption for 8,196 mothers and 8,237 offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Outcomes included mostly mental health and some non-mental health phenotypes (I.e. substance use, personality, BMI and sociodemographic variables). For mothers, 79 phenotypes assessed during and outside of pregnancy, and for offspring, 71 phenotypes assessed in childhood (<10 years) and adolescence (11-18 years) were included. Linear and logistic regressions were run to assess PRS in relation to maternal and offspring phenotypes. Findings: First, the maternal smoking and caffeine PRS were associated with these behaviours during pregnancy. Second, the maternal and offspring smoking PRS both showed evidence (permutation corrected P < 0.05) of association with reduced anxiety symptoms in childhood (βmaternal = -0.033; βoffspring= -0.031) and increased conduct disorder symptoms (βmaternal= 0.024; βoffspring= 0.030). Finally, the maternal and offspring smoking PRS were associated with own sensation seeking phenotypes in mothers and adolescence (e.g. increased symptoms of externalising disorders, extraversion, and monotony avoidance), but the caffeine PRS showed weaker evidence for associations with mental health outcomes. Our results indicate that the smoking PRS is most likely pleiotropic with sensation seeking personality traits. However, these results need replication in independent samples, using techniques more robust to pleiotropy.

scholarly journals The association of alcohol polygenic risk scores with mental health outcomes: A multi-generational analysis in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayleigh E Easey ◽  
Robyn E Wootton ◽  
Hannah M Sallis ◽  
Elis Haan ◽  
Laura Schellhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Intellectual Ability ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Avon Longitudinal Study

AbstractBackgroundIncreased alcohol consumption often co-occurs with mental health problems; however, we do not currently fully understand whether this is due to confounding, shared biological mechanisms, or causal effects.DesignWe analysed a polygenic risk score (PRS) composed of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) reliably associated with patterns of adult alcohol consumption to test: 1) if this PRS is associated with consumption during pregnancy and adolescence, 2) if child alcohol PRS is associated with mental health phenotypes, and 3) if maternal alcohol PRS is associated with offspring alcohol phenotypes and mental health. We used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Additional substance abuse behaviours and mental health/behavioural outcomes were also investigated at different life stages across both generations (alcohol phenotypes n =22; health phenotypes n = 91). The availability of data from early life on the same participants (pre-alcohol use around ages 7-10 years) provided a negative control, in contrast to that in ages of alcohol use (13-24 years).FindingsThe adult alcohol PRS was associated with consumption phenotypes during pregnancy (strongest signal for alcohol frequency at 18 weeks’ gestation: p=1.01×10-5) but offspring alcohol PRS did not predict offspring alcohol consumption at age 13-24 years. We found evidence for an association of maternal PRS with own perinatal depression (p=0.02) and decreased offspring intellectual ability (p=0.016).ConclusionsAn alcohol PRS derived from GWAS of alcohol use in the general population was shown to be associated with frequency and amount of alcohol consumed during pregnancy, and maternal depression at 32 weeks gestation. The associations between alcohol PRS with mother’s depression and offspring intellectual ability are consistent with previous studies, adding to the validity of using this alcohol PRS in future aetiological studies.

scholarly journals Polygenic risk scoring and prediction of mental health outcomes

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 77-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S Anderson ◽  
Jess Shade ◽  
Emily DiBlasi ◽  
Andrey A Shabalin ◽  
Anna R Docherty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Polygenic Risk ◽  
Risk Scoring

A Longitudinal Study of Health Care Resources, Family Support, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Suicidal Adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary LeCloux ◽  
Peter Maramaldi ◽  
Kristie A. Thomas ◽  
Peter Maramaldi ◽  
Kristie A. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Resources

scholarly journals Initial cohort characteristics and protocol for SIGMA: An accelerated longitudinal study of environmental factors, inter- and intrapersonal processes, and mental health in adolescence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia J Kirtley ◽  
Robin Achterhof ◽  
Noëmi Hagemann ◽  
Karlijn Susanna Francisca Maria Hermans ◽  
Anu Pauliina Hiekkaranta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Background: Over half of all mental health conditions have their onset in adolescence. Large-scale epidemiological studies have identified relevant environmental risk factors for mental health problems. Yet, few have focused on potential mediating inter- and intrapersonal processes in daily life, hampering intervention development. Objectives: To investigate 1) the impact of environmental risk factors on changes in inter- and intrapersonal processes; 2) the impact of altered inter- and intrapersonal processes on the development of (sub)clinical mental health symptoms in adolescents and; 3) the extent to which changes in inter- and intrapersonal processes mediate the association between environmental risk factors and the mental health outcomes in adolescents.Methods: ‘SIGMA’ is an accelerated longitudinal study of adolescents aged 12 to 18 from across Flanders, Belgium. Using self-report questionnaires, experience sampling, an experimental task, and wearables, we are investigating the relationship between environmental risk factors (e.g. trauma, parenting), inter- and intrapersonal processes (e.g. real-life social interaction and interpersonal functioning) and mental health outcomes (e.g. psychopathology, self-harm) over time. Results: N= 1913 adolescents (63% female) aged 11 – 20, from 22 schools, participated. The range of educational trajectories within the sample was broadly representative of the Flemish general adolescent population.Conclusions: Our findings will enable us to answer fundamental questions about inter- and intrapersonal processes involved in the development and maintenance of poor mental health in adolescence. This includes insights regarding the role of daily-life social and cognitive-affective processes, gained by using experience sampling. The accelerated longitudinal design enables rapid insights into developmental and cohort effects.

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