Association between waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio with insulin resistance biomarkers in normal-weight adults working in a private educational institution

Introduction: Obesity is caused by imbalance amount of energy intake and energy requirement of the body. Obesity in children has high risk to become obesity in adult and results in degenerative diseases. In obese children have higher of getting insulin resistance. This study was aimed to determine insulin resistance in obesity children aged 9-12 years in Semarang.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with two groups: height below the median-obesity circumference (TBBM-obesity) and height above the median-obesity (TBAM-obesity). Screening was done in 602 children aged 9-12 years in urban and suburban areas of Semarang. Nutritional status was determined with measurements of z-scores of height-for-age (HAZ) and waist circumference. To define insulin resistance were measured using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were then analyzed by Mann-Whitney test and Spearman test.Results: There was found 75% subjects with high HOMA-IR value. HOMA-IR value in TBAM-obesity was 42.5% higher than TBBM-obesity was 32.5% (p= 0,088). Waist circumference and Waist to Height Ratio(WHtR) has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value (r= 0.662 p=0.000 and r= 0.333 p=0.036) and height does not has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value (r=0.235; p= 0.144). Conclusion: Insulin resistance from all subject were found 75%. Waist circumference and Waist to Height Ratio(WHtR) has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value and height does not has a correlation on the increased HOMA-IR value.

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Adiposity indices in the prediction of insulin resistance in prepubertal Colombian children

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s136898001200393x ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 248-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Noel T Mueller ◽

Mark A Pereira ◽

Adriana Buitrago-Lopez ◽

Diana C Rodríguez ◽

Alvaro E Duran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Prepubertal Children ◽

Stepwise Selection ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Age And Sex

AbstractObjectiveTo compare BMI with abdominal skinfold thickness (ASF), waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in the prediction of insulin resistance (IR) in prepubertal Colombian children.DesignWe calculated age- and sex-specific Z-scores for BMI, ASF, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and three other skinfold-thickness sites. Logistic regression with stepwise selection (P = 0·80 for entry and P = 0·05 for retention) was performed to identify predictors of IR and extreme IR, which were determined by age- and sex-specific Z-scores to identify the ≥ 90th and ≥ 95th percentile of homeostasis model assessment (HOMAIR), respectively. We used receiver operating characteristic curves to compare the area under the curve between models.SettingBucaramanga, Colombia.SubjectsChildren (n 1261) aged 6–10 years in Tanner stage 1 from a population-based study.ResultsA total of 127 children (seventy girls and fifty-seven boys) were classified with IR, including sixty-three children (thirty-three girls and thirty boys) classified with extreme IR. Only ASF and BMI Z-scores were retained as predictors of IR by stepwise selection. Adding ASF Z-score to BMI Z-score improved the area under the curve from 0·794 (95 % CI 0·752, 0·837) to 0·811 (95 % CI 0·770, 0·851; P for contrast = 0·01). In predicting extreme IR, the addition of ASF Z-score to BMI Z-score improved the area under the curve from 0·837 (95 % CI 0·790, 0·884) to 0·864 (95 % CI 0·823, 0·905; P for contrast = 0·01).ConclusionsASF Z-score predicted IR independent of BMI Z-score in our population of prepubertal children. ASF and BMI Z-scores together improved IR risk stratification compared with BMI Z-score alone, opening new perspectives in the prediction of cardiometabolic risk in prepubertal children.

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Insulin Resistance of Normal Weight Central Obese Adolescents in Korea Stratified by Waist to Height Ratio: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2008–2010

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2015/158758 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Won Kyoung Cho ◽

Hyojin Kim ◽

Hyun Young Lee ◽

Kyung Do Han ◽

Yeon Jin Jeon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

National Health ◽

Central Obesity ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

High Insulin ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Wbc Count

Background. To evaluate insulin resistance of normal weight central obese 13–18-year-old male and female adolescents stratified by waist to height ratio (WHR).Methods. Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (K-NHANES) conducted during 2008–2010. Central obesity was defined as that in the upper quartile of age and sex specific WHR. Subjects were classified into no central obesity normal weight (NW), central obesity normal weight (CONW), no central obesity overweight (OW), and central obesity overweight (COOW).Results. The prevalence of CONW was 9.6% (83/832) in female and 7.0% (61/909) in male. CONW showed higher levels of insulin (P<0.006), HOMA-IR (P<0.006), and ALT (P<0.001) than NW in female. CONW had higher levels of insulin (P<0.0001), HOMA-IR (P<0.0001), and WBC count (P<0.021) and lower level of HDL (P<0.0001) than NW in male. WHR and BMI had similar significant correlations with MS components. CONW showed 2.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.21–5.00) more likelihood to have high insulin resistance than NW in male.Conclusions. Screening for central obesity using WHR in clinical setting is recommended.

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Trunk Fat Estimation According To Gender In Childhood Through Basic Somatic Readings. An Opportunity for Improving Girl’S Evaluation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-551261/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Manuel Moya ◽

Virginia Pérez-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Pediatric Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

Total Fat ◽

Better Than

Abstract Background: Easy appraisal of trunk fat and the eventual cardiometabolic risk of pediatric obesity is a present requirement. Its estimators Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and Relative Fat Mass pediatric (RFMp, expressed as % of total fat content), can be a complement of widely accepted BMI.Methods: 472 children (39% boys), classified as underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese (Nutritional groups, NG) according to BMI Z-score after their strictly obtained anthropometric initial data, with ad hoc exclusion criteria. Calculation of WHtR and RFMp was done for each nutritional group and sex, as associations through multiple linear regression (MLR) and differences among sexes (medians, IQR).Results: Age (mean (95% CI)), 10.8 y (10.1- 11.1). Estimators values in: All group WHtR 0.5 (0.49 – 0.51), RFMp% 32.3 (31.7 – 33.0); Underweight, WHtR 0.41 (0.40 – 0.41), RFMp (%) 22.8 (21.2 – 24.4); Normal weight, WHtR 0.46 (0.45 – 0.47), RFMp(%) 28.9 (28.1 – 29.7); Overweight, WHtR 0.51 (0.50 – 0.52), RFMp(%) 34.2 (33.3 – 35.1) and Obese WHtR 0.56 (0.55 – 0.57), RFMp(%) 37.8 (36.9 – 38.6). Associations (NG; independent variables): In NG adjusted R² values were between 0.74-0.78. In All group Beta coefficients were for RFMp 3.36 (P< 0.001) for girls; for waist circumference (WC 2.97 (P< 0.001) and for WHtR were respectively -0.01 (p< 0.001) and 0.03 (p< 0.001) Sex differences: BMI were in NG without gender differences (Mann-W’s U). Whereas WHtR (median IQR) differ (M vs F) respectively in: All group 0.49 (0.45 - 0.54) vs 0.52 (0.45 - 0.56), p<0.004; in Overweight 0.51 (0.48 – 0.53) vs 0.54 (0.51 – 0.55), p< 0.001; in Obese 0.55 (0.52 – 0.57) vs 0.57 (0.54 – 0.60), p< 0.004. RFMp (%): in All 29.21 (24.27 – 32.92) vs 36.63 (30.2 – 39.51), p< 0.001; in Overweight 31.24 (28.35 – 32.35) vs 37.95 (35.75 – 38.82), p<0.001 and in Obese 35.89 (32.05 – 36.15) vs 40.63 (38.27 – 42.42), p<0.001.Conclusions: WHtR and RFMp are simple and reliable indexes not requiring centile charts. Their values, including waist circumference, can estimate the different trunk fat component in boys and girls better than BMI, especially if overweight and obese. RFMp proved to be more reliable as it considers gender. Reasonably, both should be included in routine anthropometric readings.

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Waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference as the main measures to evaluate obstructive sleep apnea in the woman’s reproductive life stages

Women & Health ◽

10.1080/03630242.2020.1862386 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Daniel Ninello Polesel ◽

Karen Tieme Nozoe ◽

Lia Bittencourt ◽

Sergio Tufik ◽

Monica Levy Andersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽

Sleep Apnea ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Life Stages ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Reproductive Life ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

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The Influence of Anthropometric Indices and Intermediary Determinants of Hypertension in Bangladesh

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18115646 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 5646

Author(s):

Sally Sonia Simmons ◽

John Elvis Hagan ◽

Thomas Schack

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Body Mass ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Waist To Hip Ratio ◽

Waist To Height Ratio

Hypertension is a major public health burden in Bangladesh. However, studies considering the underlying multifaceted risk factors of this health condition are sparse. The present study concurrently examines anthropometric parameters and intermediary factors influencing hypertension risk in Bangladesh. Using the 2018 World Health Organisation (WHO) STEPwise approach to non-communicable disease risk factor surveillance (STEPS) study conducted in Bangladesh and involving 8019 nationally representative adult respondents, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between anthropometrics, other intermediary factors and hypertension. The regression results were presented using the odds ratio (OR) and adjusted odds ratio (AOR) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The risk of hypertension was higher among females and males who were 40 years and older. However, among females, those who were age 60 years and older were more than twice and thrice more likely to be hypertensive compared to those in the younger age groups (18–39, 40–59). Females who were obese (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]) or had high waist circumference [WC] were twice as likely to be hypertensive. Males and females who were physically active, consuming more fruits and vegetables daily and educated had lower odds of developing hypertension. Key findings suggest that the association between anthropometric indices (body mass index [BMI], waist to hip ratio [WHR], waist to height ratio [WHtR]), waist circumference [WC]), other intermediary determinants (e.g., education, physical activity) and hypertension exist across gender and with increasing age among adults in Bangladesh. Developing appropriate public health interventions (e.g., regular assessment of anthropometric parameters) for early identification of the risk and pattern of hypertension through appropriate screening and diagnosis is required to meet the specific health needs of the adult Bangladesh population.

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POS0561 OBESITY PHENOTYPES IN EARLY RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.2961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 515.1-515

Author(s):

Y. Gorbunova ◽

T. Popkova ◽

L. Kondrateva ◽

M. Cherkasova ◽

E. Nasonov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Resistance ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Metabolic Disorders ◽

Normal Weight ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

World Health ◽

Early Ra ◽

Metabolically Healthy

Background:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and obesity have a lower risk of early death than patients with normal weight due to the so-called “obesity paradox”. Available publications discuss three phenotypes of obesity: classical obesity, metabolically healthy overweight/obesity, and latent obesity (normal weight associated with metabolic disorders, most importantly - with insulin resistance and adipocytokines imbalance).Objectives:To clarify the prevalence of obesity phenotypes and to identify factors predisposing to «latent obesity» in early RA without diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia.Methods:The study included 35 pts (23 women, 12 men) with early RA (criteria ACR / EULAR, 2010), 56 [43,0; 60,0] years old, naïve to treatment with glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatics, without established diabetes mellitus. Pts were seropositive for IgM RF and anti-CCP, with highly active RA (DAS28 5,9 [5,2; 6,4]; SDAI 35,4 [27,0; 45,8], and CDAI 31,0 [26,0; 44,0]) scores, and median disease duration of 8.0 [6,0;15.0] months. Electrochemiluminescence assay Elecsys (Roche Diagnostics) was used to measure patients’ insulin levels, and ELISA (DBS – Diagnostics Biochem Canada Inc.) - for evaluation of serum leptin concentrations. Insulin resistance (IR) was defined as Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance index (HOMA-IR) ≥2,77. Leptin levels were considered elevated at values ≥11,1 ng/ml for women, ≥5,6 ng/ml for men. The overweight/obesity status was determined by World Health Organization criteria in pts with body mass index (BMI) ≥25kg/m2.Results:Overweight/obesity were documented in 19 (54, 3%) pts with early RA, 4/19 (21%) had high leptin levels and IR, 11/19 (58%) had isolated hyperleptinemia. Normal BMI was found in 16 (45,7%) pts with early RA, 2/16 (12,5%) had elevated leptin levels and IR, and 6/16 (37,5%) – only hyperleptinemia. Four (21%) out of 19 overweight and 8 (50%) out of 16 pts with normal BMI did not show any metabolic disorders (p=0,02). Сlassical obesity was found in 15 (43%), and latent obesity – in 8 (23%) pts with early RA. Leptin levels correlated with waist circumference (r=0,58, p=0,02), BMI (r=0,71, p=0,0006), ESR (r=0,5, p=0,02) in the overweight/obese pts, and with waist circumference (r=0,59, p=0,03), IgM RF (r=0,58, p=0,03), triglyceride levels (r=0,77, p=0,003), and atherogenic index (r=0,62, p=0,03) in pts with normal weight.Conclusion:The classical obesity phenotype associated with abdominal obesity and inflammation was the most common and prevailing over other phenotypes in early RA. Latent obesity was less common and was associated with an unfavorable lipid profile and accumulation of abdominal fat, therefore increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases in RA. Metabolically healthy overweight/obesity in early RA was really a rare phenotype.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Developing waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio percentile curves for Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years using Lambda-Mu-Sigma (LMS) method

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2019-0527 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 (8) ◽

pp. 983-993 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Asif ◽

Muhammad Aslam ◽

Saima Altaf ◽

Sajid Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Waist Circumference ◽

Central Obesity ◽

The Other ◽

Height Ratio ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Percentile Curves ◽

Lms Method ◽

Waist To Height Ratio ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Specific

AbstractObjectivesChildren from different countries and with different ethnic backgrounds have a distinct pattern of central fat deposition. Therefore, it is essential to develop population-specific percentiles of waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and waist-to-height ratio exponent (WHtR (exp)) for the evaluation of central obesity. The objective of this study was to develop age-and-gender-specific smoothed WC and WHtR percentile curves for the Pakistani children and adolescents aged 2–18 years.MethodsA cross-sectional data-set from a multi-ethnic anthropometric survey was considered. A sample of 10,668 healthy subjects (boys = 51.92%; and girls = 48.08%), aged 2–18 years was studied. Height (cm) and WC (cm) of each subject was measured under standard procedure and WHtR & WHtR (exp) were calculated. Age-and-gender-specific smoothed curves were obtained using the lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method and compared with percentile curves obtained from different countries.ResultsExcept few early ages, the WC values increased with age in both sexes. Both boys and girls had approximately similar WC during 6–11 years of age and after age of 11, the boys had larger WC than the girls had. For WHtR, the centile curves showed a continuous decrease by 16 years of age and then increased gradually. WHtR of the girls in various ages were having similar or higher than those of the boys. In comparison of WC 50th and 90th percentiles with other countries, it was found that except few ages, the Pakistani children had larger WC than the other reference populations and the results of WHtR were also comparable to the other nations.ConclusionsWe present new reference data of WC, WHtR and WHtR (exp) using a representative sample of the Pakistani children aged 2–18 years. These reference values can be used provisionally for early detection of central obesity and its associated risks in the Pakistani children.

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