Glucose metabolism soon after birth in very premature infants with small- and appropriate-for-gestational-age birth weights

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (9) ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuko Tsubahara ◽  
Hiromichi Shoji ◽  
Mari Mori ◽  
Nobuaki Matsunaga ◽  
Mitsuru Ikeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Very Premature Infants

scholarly journals Eruption chronology of the first deciduous teeth in children born prematurely with birth weight less than 1500g

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Garcia F. Neto ◽  
Mario Cicero Falcao
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Eruption Age ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objective: To describe the eruption chronology of the first deciduous teeth in premature infants with birth weight less than 1500g and to compare it according to gender and nutritional status at birth. Methods: Longitudinal study including 40 low birth weight premature infants of both genders. The tooth was considered erupted when the crown went through the gum and became part of the oral environment. The comparison of the eruption chronology in relation to gender and among children appropriate or small for gestational age was done by Student's t-test, being significant p<0.05. Results: The eruption of the first tooth (teeth) occurred, on average, with 11.0±2.1 months of chronological age and with 9.6±1.9 months corrected for prematurity. The first erupted teeth were the lower central incisors. The average eruption for males was 9.7±1.9 and, for females, 9.5±1.9 months, both corrected for prematurity (p=0.98). The average eruption in children with birth weight appropriate for gestational age was 10.1±1.4 months; for small for gestational age, it was 9.4±2.2, also corrected for prematurity (p=0.07). Conclusions: The average eruption age of the first teeth, corrected for prematurity, was 9.6 months. Sex and nutritional status at birth did not change the eruption chronology.

Decreased Oxygenation and Hyperlipemia During Intravenous Fat Infusions in Premature Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto R. Pereira ◽  
William W. Fox ◽  
Charles A. Stanley ◽  
Lester Baker ◽  
Jacob G. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Fat Emulsion ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Fat Infusion ◽  
Infusion Period

Eighteen appropriate-for-gestational-age premature infants with birth weights ranging from 0.77 to 1.89 kg received 1 gm/kg of body weight of fat emulsion, intravenously, over a four-hour period. Infants less than 1 week of age developed a significant decrease in Po2 levels (P &lt; .05) during the fat infusion period. There were no changes in other pulmonary function parameters. Infants less than 1 week of age also developed significantly higher peak levels of plasma triglycerides than infants 2 to 3 weeks old (P &lt; .05). A correlation between increment in triglyceride levels and postnatal age was demonstrated (r = .75), with the younger infants presenting the higher triglyceride levels. This study demonstrates that: (1) small premature infants receiving intravenous fat are more susceptible to hyperlipemia and hypoxemia during the first week of life; (2) hypoxemia associated with intravenous fat infusion does not result from changes in lung dynamics; (3) the capacity to tolerate intravenous fats is enhanced after the first week of life.

scholarly journals Response of Very Premature Infants with Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia to Inhaled Salbutamol

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ha-Nam Nguyen ◽  
Dominic Fitzgerald ◽  
Michael Davis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Work Of Breathing ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Very Premature Infants

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) is the most common chronic respiratory disease found in premature infants following prolonged supplemental oxygen and mechanical ventilation. Although salbutamol, a selective ß2 agonist, is known to relax the hypertrophied smooth muscles around the small airways in adults, earlier literature has suggested that neonates did not have enough peribronchial smooth muscle for constriction and thus lacked a bronchodilatory response to ß2 agonists. The present study was designed to determine whether infants of less than 32 weeks gestational age with elevated lung resistance were responsive to salbutamol. Nineteen premature infants (mean gestational age 26.0 +/- 2.1 weeks and mean birth weight 851.3 +/- 244.4 g) were recruited for the study. Immediately before and 30 minutes after the commencement of nebulized salbutamol administration, a minimum of 15 breaths were measured and analyzed for each patient. From this breath-by-breath analysis, the lung mechanics and Work of Breathing (WOB) were calculated. Results were then compared by paired t-tests. The use of salbutamol resulted in a significant improvement in airway resistance (p = 0.008) and tendency for impedance reduction. These results indicate that very premature infants (< 32 weeks) with BPD respond favorably to bronchodilators. Although the mechanism of action remains to be elucidated, salbutamol most probably achieves its effects through the relaxation of the hypertrophied peribronchial smooth muscle. Early intervention to relieve airway obstruction may promote early weaning from mechanical ventilation and diminish both duration and severity of BPD.

scholarly journals Sex Affects Human Premature Neonates’ Blood Metabolome According to Gestational Age, Parenteral Nutrition, and Caffeine Treatment

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Marianna Caterino ◽  
Margherita Ruoppolo ◽  
Michele Costanzo ◽  
Lucia Albano ◽  
Daniela Crisci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Premature Neonates ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Caffeine Treatment ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Very Premature Infants

Prematurity is the leading cause of neonatal deaths and high economic costs; it depends on numerous biological and social factors, and is highly prevalent in males. Several factors can affect the metabolome of premature infants. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to analyze the role played by gestational age (GA), parenteral nutrition (PN), and caffeine treatment in sex-related differences of blood metabolome of premature neonates through a MS/MS-based targeted metabolomic approach for the detection of amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots. GA affected the blood metabolome of premature neonates: male and female very premature infants (VPI) diverged in amino acids but not in acylcarnitines, whereas the opposite was observed in moderate or late preterm infants (MLPI). Moreover, an important reduction of metabolites was observed in female VPI fed with PN, suggesting that PN might not satisfy an infant’s nutritional needs. Caffeine showed the highest significant impact on metabolite levels of male MLPI. This study proves the presence of a sex-dependent metabolome in premature infants, which is affected by GA and pharmacological treatment (e.g., caffeine). Furthermore, it describes an integrated relationship among several features of physiology and health.

scholarly journals Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infant with congenital lobar emphysema: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingchun Lin ◽  
Huitao Li ◽  
Chuanzhong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infant ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Middle Lobe ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Congenital Lobar Emphysema ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Lobar Emphysema

Abstract Background Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urgent surgical intervention. Caution and alertness for CLE is required in cases of local emphysema on chest X-ray images of extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Case presentation Here, we report a case of premature infant with 27 + 4 weeks of gestational age who suddenly presented with severe respiratory distress at 60 days after birth. Chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) indicated emphysema in the middle lobe of the right lung. The diagnosis of CLE was confirmed by histopathological examinations. Conclusions Although extremely premature infants have high-risk factors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia due to their small gestational age, alertness for CLE is necessary if local emphysema is present. Timely pulmonary CT scan and surgical interventions should be performed to avoid the delay of the diagnosis and treatment.

Survival and morbidity of extremely premature infants based on obstetric assessment of gestational age

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-298
Author(s):  
B. Wood ◽  
V. Katz ◽  
C. Bose ◽  
R. Goolsby ◽  
E. Kraybill
Keyword(s):  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document