Sea level rise and eelgrass (Zostera marina) production: A spatially explicit relative elevation model for Padilla Bay, WA

Abstract Most estimates of global mean sea-level rise this century fall below 2 m. This quantity is comparable to the positive vertical bias of the principle digital elevation model (DEM) used to assess global and national population exposures to extreme coastal water levels, NASA’s SRTM. CoastalDEM is a new DEM utilizing neural networks to reduce SRTM error. Here we show – employing CoastalDEM—that 190 M people (150–250 M, 90% CI) currently occupy global land below projected high tide lines for 2100 under low carbon emissions, up from 110 M today, for a median increase of 80 M. These figures triple SRTM-based values. Under high emissions, CoastalDEM indicates up to 630 M people live on land below projected annual flood levels for 2100, and up to 340 M for mid-century, versus roughly 250 M at present. We estimate one billion people now occupy land less than 10 m above current high tide lines, including 230 M below 1 m.

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The trough-system algorithm and its application to spatial modeling of Greenland subglacial topography

Annals of Glaciology ◽

10.3189/2014aog67a001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 55 (67) ◽

pp. 115-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ute C. Herzfeld ◽

Brian W. McDonald ◽

Bruce F. Wallin ◽

Phillip A. Chen ◽

Helmut Mayer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Algebraic Topology ◽

Dynamic Models ◽

Ice Sheet ◽

Greenland Ice Sheet ◽

Ice Dynamics ◽

Subglacial Topography ◽

Radar Measurements ◽

Elevation Model

AbstractDynamic ice-sheet models are used to assess the contribution of mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet to sea-level rise. Mass transfer from ice sheet to ocean is in a large part through outlet glaciers. Bed topography plays an important role in ice dynamics, since the acceleration from the slow-moving inland ice to an ice stream is in many cases caused by the existence of a subglacial trough or trough system. Problems are that most subglacial troughs are features of a scale not resolved in most ice-sheet models and that radar measurements of subglacial topography do not always reach the bottoms of narrow troughs. The trough-system algorithm introduced here employs mathematical morphology and algebraic topology to correctly represent subscale features in a topographic generalization, so the effects of troughs on ice flow are retained in ice-dynamic models. The algorithm is applied to derive a spatial elevation model of Greenland subglacial topography, integrating recently collected radar measurements (CReSIS data) of the Jakobshavn Isbræ, Helheim, Kangerdlussuaq and Petermann glacier regions. The resultant JakHelKanPet digital elevation model has been applied in dynamic ice-sheet modeling and sea-level-rise assessment.

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Impact of sea level rise and shoreline changes in the tropical island ecosystem of Andaman and Nicobar region, India

10.21203/rs.3.rs-245124/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

mageswaran thangaraj ◽

Sachithanandam V ◽

Sridhar R ◽

Manik Mahapatra ◽

R Purvaja ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Remote Sensing Data ◽

Data Sets ◽

Andaman Island ◽

Shoreline Changes ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Analysis System ◽

Elevation Model

Abstract We report here a four decades of shoreline changes and possible sea level rise (SLR) impact on landuse/landcover (LULC) in Little Andaman Island by using remote sensing (RS) and GIS techniques. A total of six remote sensing data sets covering years between 1976 and 2018 were used to understand the shoreline changes. Moreover, a Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) was used to estimate short- and long- term shoreline changes from ArcGIS environment. Besides, the Island vulnerability due to SLR was studied through using digital elevation model (DEM). As a result of Sumatra earthquake (2004), the results were showed a significant variation in shorline upliftment and subsidence. The land subsidence was noticed in the range of 1042-3077 ha with sea level rise between 1 and 5 m. Hence, we conclude that Little Andaman Island is vulnerable to SLR and overwhelm low elvation coastal zone.

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Digital elevation model generation using UAV-SfM photogrammetry techniques to map sea-level rise scenarios at Cassino Beach, Brazil

SN Applied Sciences ◽

10.1007/s42452-020-03936-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Deivid Cristian Leal-Alves ◽

Jair Weschenfelder ◽

Miguel da Guia Albuquerque ◽

Jean Marcel de Almeida Espinoza ◽

Marlize Ferreira-Cravo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Digital Elevation Model ◽

Model Generation ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model

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Grid-based global coastal zone datasets for coastal impact analysis

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-18584 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Lincke

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Coastal Zone ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Impact Analysis ◽

Rocky Shores ◽

Management Options ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Natural Boundaries

Global coastal impact and adaptation analysis in the context of climate change induced sea-level rise needs precise and standardized datasets. Here, such datasets and their construction are presented. Starting from a high-resolution global digital elevation model, the coastline is extracted with taking into account river mouths and lagoons taken from a global surface water dataset. The global low-elevation coastal zone (LECZ) is derived by determining all grid cells hydrological connected to the coastline. Recent surge-data is combined with sea-level rise scenarios to partition the global LECZ into local floodplains. Latest socio-economic and land-use data is used to partition and classify these local floodplains. As local impacts and adaptation responses are not spatially uniform, but depend on a range of conditions including: i) biophysical conditions such as natural boundaries between floodplains (e.g. hills, rocks, etc.) and coastal geomorphology (e.g. sandy versus rocky shores), ii) technical conditions such as existing flood protection infrastructure (e.g. dike rings in the Netherlands), and ii) socio-economic conditions such as administrative boundaries, land use and urban extent (e.g. rural versus urban areas), latest land-use, beach and wetland datasets are used to partition the coastline of each floodplain into a network of coastline segments which can be used for assessing local shoreline management options. The generated datasets contain about 1.6 million km of coastline distributed over 87,600 islands. The LECZ comprises 3.14 million km&#178; and partitioning this LECZ with surge and sea-level rise data into floodplains for coastal impact modelling finds about 221,800 floodplains with at least 0.05 km&#178; area.

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New estimates of potential impacts of sea level rise and coastal floods in Poland

Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/nhessd-3-2493-2015 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 2493-2536

Author(s):

D. Paprotny ◽

P. Terefenko

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Spatial Data ◽

Storm Surges ◽

Sea Levels ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Significant Damage ◽

Structural Breakdown ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Made In

Abstract. Polish coastal zone is thought to be of the most exposed to sea level rise in Europe. With climate change expected to raise mean sea levels between 26 and 200 cm by the end of the century, and storms increasing in severity, accurate estimates of those phenomena are needed. Recent advances in quality and availability of spatial data in Poland made in possible to revisit previous estimates. Up-to-date detailed information on land use, population and buildings were used to calculate inundation risk at a broad range of scenarios. Inclusion, though imperfect, of flood defences from a high-resolution digital elevation model contributes to a further improvement of estimates. The results revealed that even by using a static "bathtub fill" approach the amount of land, population or assets at risk has been significantly revised down. Sea level rise or storm surges are unlikely to reach intensity required to cause significant damage to the economy or endanger the population. The exposure of different kinds of assets and sectors of the economy varies to a large extent, though the structural breakdown of potential losses is remarkably stable between scenarios.

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Dynamic risk of coastal flood and driving factors: Integrating local sea level rise and spatially explicit urban growth

Journal of Cleaner Production ◽

10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.129039 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 129039

Author(s):

Lilai Xu ◽

Shenghui Cui ◽

Xiaoming Wang ◽

Jianxiong Tang ◽

Vilas Nitivattananon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Urban Growth ◽

Driving Factors ◽

Spatially Explicit ◽

Coastal Flood ◽

Dynamic Risk

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Channelized Antarctic ice shelf melting from high-resolution remote sensing

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-13277 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Stef Lhermitte ◽

Jeffrey Nederend ◽

Bert Wouters

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Ice Shelf ◽

Ice Shelves ◽

Simplified Approach ◽

Elevation Data ◽

Quantitative Understanding ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Basal Melting

Antarctic mass loss is the largest source of uncertainty in current sea level rise projections. Ice shelf instability plays a key role in this uncertainty as ice shelves are the floating gatekeepers that surround 75% of Antarctica&#8217;s coastline and that buttress the contribution of grounded ice to sea level rise. Although basal melting has been identified as one of the key processes for ice shelf instability, the quantitative understanding of this process and how much, how fast it weakens ice shelves is limited as it is determined by fine scale processes (e.g. channelized basal melting) that until recently were difficult to quantify. The recent availability of high-resolution, multi-source satellite imagery (e.g. stereoscopic DEMs from the Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica (REMA) or swath-processing of Cryosat-2), however, offers the opportunity to quantify the role of channelized melting on ice shelf instability across Antarctica.In this study, we use REMA, Cryosat-2 and IceBridge elevation data to develop high-resolution indicators of basal melt across some major Antarctic ice shelves (Dotson, Pine Island, Larsen C). The methodology consists of processing time series of high-resolution REMA strips in a Lagrangian framework while accounting for tilt and tide corrections.Comparison of different approaches (e.g. simplified REMA-only approach; combined REMA-Cryosat-2 approach, combined REMA-IceBridge approach) shows that the simplified approach can be applied easily to develop Antarctic wide estimates of basal melting across Antarctica, while the combined REMA-Cryosat-2 shows the highest accuracy. Results of this study, finally, show the potential of using REMA for developing high resolution basal melt products across Antarctica and providing insight in the spatial variability of basal melting due to channelized melting.

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Sea-Level Rise in Northern Germany: A GIS-Based Simulation and Visualization

KN - Journal of Cartography and Geographic Information ◽

10.1007/s42489-020-00059-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 145-154

Author(s):

Caroline Schuldt ◽

Jochen Schiewe ◽

Johannes Kröger

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Coastal Protection ◽

Economic Systems ◽

Climate Scenarios ◽

Northern Germany ◽

The North ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

The One

AbstractThe future sea-level rise caused by climate change will lead to coastal regions being flooded and ecological and socio-economic systems being disrupted. This study examines the question of how the sea-level rise in Northern Germany can be simulated on a regional level and visualized as a media map. The simulation is based on the TanDEM-X digital elevation model, IDW interpolated current measurements of the sea level and the vertical land movement, as well as regional sea surface elevation projections for the year 2100. Two different climate scenarios were applied based on IPCC forecasts. Particular attention was paid to transforming elevation systems into orthometric heights. In addition, the uncertainties existing in the simulation of future developments were quantified and visualized. Depending on the applied scenario, an area between 1061 and 9004 km2 will be inundated. Accordingly, the affected population varies between 5477 and 626,880 people. The calculation of the inundated areas reveals serious differences; between the various climate scenarios, as well as between the North and Baltic coasts, but above all between the assumption of a stable coastal protection on the one hand and a dike breach on the other. Based on the requirements of journalistic cartography and the specific requirements of the German broadcasting company Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR), static maps were developed, which will be shown as a sequence starting with the least and ending with the most severe possible impact.

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Potential Economic Losses Due to Tidal Inundation and Flood at Semarang City

Forum Geografi ◽

10.23917/forgeo.v28i2.428 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ifan R Suhelmi ◽

Achmad Fahrudin ◽

Ferdinand Hariyanto Triwibowo

Keyword(s):

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Land Subsidence ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Tidal Inundation ◽

International Panel ◽

Digital Elevation ◽

Elevation Model ◽

Topographic Condition ◽

The Impact

Coastal city of Semarang is susceptible to the impact of coastal hazard due to its flat topographic condition. Various environmental problems are faced by Semarang involve tidal inundation, land subsidence, and floods during rainy season. This study was conducted to examine the potential economic losses caused by the sea level rise phenomenon. Distribution of inundated area mapped using Digital Elevation Model and Land Subsidence data. The Scenarios of International Panel on Climate Change (2007) sea level rises used to build a model of inundated area that notes by 2030 the rise of sea level rise at 13.4 cm. The inundated map was overlayed with landuse map to calculate the potential economic losses. The results show that the inundated area that occurred in 2030 was 1,718.2 ha with the potential economic losses Rp. 6,130 trillion. With the land subsidence scenario that happen at the area, inundated area increased to 5,171.3 ha with the eonomic potential loss about Rp. 28,724 trillion.

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