scholarly journals Effects of household energy consumption on environment and its influence factors in rural and urban areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 805-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Chun-sheng ◽  
Niu Shu-wen ◽  
Zhang Xin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals Reduced health burden and economic benefits of cleaner fuel usage from household energy consumption across rural and urban China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenxi Lu ◽  
Shaohui Zhang ◽  
Chang Tan ◽  
Yun Li ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Integrated Assessment Model ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Rural And Urban

Abstract Energy consumption in the residential sector is increasing rapidly in China. This study applies an integrated assessment model to investigate the adverse impacts of household energy consumption by various fuel types across rural and urban areas on age- and sex- specific premature deaths associated with PM2.5 pollution at provincial levels for 2015. We further estimate the economic and health co-benefits of a switch from solid fuels to electricity within households. We find that energy consumed by Chinese urban households was nearly 1.8 times than that of rural households. However, premature deaths due to household energy usage was 1.1 times higher in rural areas compared to urban areas due to direct use of coal for heating in rural households. The majority of household consumption-related premature deaths are predominately in the Southern area of China due to the population size and aging population. By replacing coal and biomass with electricity, this paper estimates economic benefits equal to 0.09% (95% CI: 0.08%-0.1%) GDP for rural areas and 0.006% (0.005%-0.007%) of GDP for urban areas of China. The results suggest that mitigation measures such as the promotion and subsidization of cleaner fuels, modern stove within rural households would yield these potential significant economic benefits.

District Energy-Saving Measures and their Selection Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 724-725 ◽  
pp. 951-954
Author(s):  
Xiang Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
District Energy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Value Determination ◽  
The Government

Per GDP energy consumption is the main indicator of district energy-saving effect. The Article firstly analyzed the influence factors of per GDP energy consumption. Then summarized energy-saving measures as six aspects: optimizing industrial structure; reducing energy intensity of industries; reducing per capita household energy consumption; limiting resident population; improving efficiency of energy conversion; improving energy storage and transportation management level. According to implementing body, energy-saving measures are divided into government measure and enterprise measure. District energy-saving measures mainly refer to the government measures. The selection course of district energy-saving measures is divided into five steps: initial prediction of per GDP energy consumption of term-end; analysis of measures of reducing industry energy intensity, per capita household energy consumption and energy loss; second prediction of per GDP energy consumption of term-end; compare with the target value; determination of district energy-saving measures.

Direct and Indirect Household Energy Consumption in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 844-847
Author(s):  
Zhi Jie Li ◽  
Zhong Ying Qi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Household Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Industrial Energy ◽  
Urban Energy ◽  
Coal Technology ◽  
Industrial Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Energy Consumption

Nowadays, China has paid much attention to industrial energy consumption. In fact, household energy consumption, close related to everyones daily life, is playing a more and more important role. In this paper, we utilize input-output model to obtain the value of indirect household energy consumption. We find out the structures of direct and indirect consumption and the gap between rural and urban energy consumption. The results show that the energy consumption structure is cleaner than before, and the gap between rural and urban energy consumption is narrowing. We make the suggestions that clean coal technology is badly needed and supplying more natural gas is helpful.

scholarly journals Households’ Energy Consumption Pattern and Demand in Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol III (I) ◽  
pp. 340-353
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ul Haq ◽  
Sajjad ◽  
Javed Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Consumption Expenditure ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Energy Consumption Pattern

This study examined household energy consumption pattern in Pakistan using Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS). Price and expenditure elasticities estimated for the energy demand using a household income and expenditure data of the year 2011-12. The energy consumption expenditure pattern of rural and urban region is different. The study reveals that electricity is the most important and highly consumable source of energy for the household living in the country. Electricity and natural gas are the highly consumed fuel in the urban areas, whereas, electricity and firewood in the rural areas. The energy consumption expenditure is inelastic with respect to changes in income except for firewood for urban region. All the estimated expenditure elasticities of the energy types were found less than one indicating that energy consumption is the necessity for the household

Household Energy in Annangland: Its Crisis, Consequences and Reversal Strategies

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-321
Author(s):  
Maurice A. Okoji ◽  
Julia Moses
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Disaster Research ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Household Energy ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Ecological Disaster ◽  
Rural And Urban

The daily use of fuelwood in both rural and urban areas in Annangland, the amount carried daily to the latter areas and its rising price in the towns aroused the authors' interest in the supply of firewood in Annangland. A survey was conducted in four of the six local-government areas of the region. The immediate result was that the level of supply had reached a crisis stage. Causes of the crisis, its impact on the environment and those that use it directly, as well as means of reversing the crisis were than studied and analysed. To stem the threatening ecological disaster, research with the active participation of the communities, from the planning stage to the use of the product of research, is crucial.

scholarly journals A Study on Household Sector Energy Consumption of Rural and Urban Areas in Virudhunagar District of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-31
Author(s):  
K Ramabose ◽  
S Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Standard Of Living ◽  
Living Standard ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Universal Measure

The word “Energy” is derived from the Greek word ‘energeia’, which means ‘in work’. It is the power or capacity to do work. Energy has become an important and one of the basic infrastructures for human development and economic growth of a country. Energy is the universal measure of all kinds of work and its consumption has been increasing worldwide. It has become a basic requirement of today’s life. In fact, it is the backbone of present day civilization. Thus, with an increase in the living standard of human beings, the energy consumption is also accelerated. There is a strong correlation between standard of living and energy consumption. Any physical activity in this world, whether carried out by human beings or by nature, is caused due to the flow of energy in one form or the other? Energy is required to do any kind of work. The work output depends on the energy input. The capacity to do work depends upon the amount of energy one can control and utilise.

scholarly journals Factors affecting households’ choice of cooking energy in Enugu State, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
N.A. Onyekuru ◽  
C.A. Ifejirika ◽  
D.M. Onuigbo ◽  
R.A. Mebo ◽  
E.C. Eboh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
T Test ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Cooking Energy ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Fire Accident

Households need energy for various activities, chief among these is cooking, which accounts for a greater percentage of the total domestic energy consumption. In Nigeria, household cooking energy accounts for a major part of the total energy consumed. This study was designed to explore the determinants of cooking energy use and preferences among households in Enugu State, Nigeria. Specifically, the aims of the study were; to ascertain the differences in the quantities of cooking energy sources used by households, determine the preferences of each of the energy sources by the households, reasons for preferences for each of the energy sources, and the problems associated with the use of each of the energy source. Multistage sampling technique was adopted in this study. One hundred and sixty-six respondents were used for the study. Primary data were collected and analyzed using a t-test and descriptive statistics. Results showed that the mean quantities of kerosene used in the rural and urban areas were about 26 and 36 litres per month that of fuel wood were about 231 and 306 kg, respectively. The t-test result showed that there exist significant differences between the quantities of kerosene and fuel wood used in the rural and urban areas. The likert-type scale result showed that the cooking energy with the highest perceived level of efficiency was liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), while the energy with the highest level of preference was kerosene. The major reasons for the preference for LPG was because it cooks fast and clean, that of kerosene was lower chances of fire accident than LPG. For fuel wood, preference was due to fast cooking and better taste of food, while that of charcoal was due to clean cooking and reduced cases of fire accident. The major constraints militating against the use of different cooking energy sources, even when they are  preferred, were scarcity, expensiveness and risk of fire outbreak for LPG and kerosene, while for fuel wood and charcoal, they were pollution and  the fact that it produces a lot of black soot. There is need to implement incentive-based policies to encourage the use of LPG and kerosene, through targeted subsidies and cost reduction. Key words: energy consumption, efficiency, preference, pollution, income

Management of minor ailments in primary schoolchildren in rural and urban areas

1996 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
J A Cantrill ◽  
B Johannesson ◽  
M Nicholson ◽  
P R Noyce
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Minor Ailments
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