Perspectives about the PTSD prevalence rate in the case of multiple traumatic events exposure among mountain workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 100109
Author(s):  
Delphine Traber ◽  
Emmanuelle Le Barbenchon ◽  
Pascal Hot ◽  
Sonia Pellissier
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of PTSD Prevalence and Trajectories in DSM-5 Defined Trauma Exposed Populations: Intentional and Non-Intentional Traumatic Events

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e59236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patcho N. Santiago ◽  
Robert J. Ursano ◽  
Christine L. Gray ◽  
Robert S. Pynoos ◽  
David Spiegel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

scholarly journals National Estimates of Exposure to Traumatic Events and PTSD Prevalence UsingDSM-IVandDSM-5Criteria

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 537-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean G. Kilpatrick ◽  
Heidi S. Resnick ◽  
Melissa E. Milanak ◽  
Mark W. Miller ◽  
Katherine M. Keyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Events ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

scholarly journals Media Exposure and the Risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Following a Mass traumatic Event: An In-silico Experiment

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma M. Abdalla ◽  
Gregory H. Cohen ◽  
Shailesh Tamrakar ◽  
Shaffi Fazaludeen Koya ◽  
Sandro Galea
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Tv Watching ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

Introduction: Following mass traumatic events, greater exposure to traditional media like television (TV) about the event is associated with higher burden of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, we know little about how social media exposure, combined with other media sources, shapes the population burden of PTSD following mass traumatic events.Materials and Methods: We built a microsimulation of 1,18,000 agents that was demographically comparable to the population of Parkland and Coral Springs, Florida that experienced the Stoneman Douglas High School shooting in 2018. We parametrized the model using data from prior traumatic events and built an internal social network structure to facilitate the estimation of community PTSD prevalence following exposure to TV and social media coverage of the shooting.Results: Overall, PTSD prevalence in the community due to exposure to TV coverage of the shooting was 3.1%. Shifting the whole population's hours of TV watching to the lower half of the population distribution decreased PTSD prevalence to 1.3% while increasing TV watching to the upper half of the distribution increased the prevalence to 3.5%. Casual (i.e., viewing posts) social media use in addition to exposure to TV coverage increased PTSD prevalence to 3.4%; overall prevalence increased to 5.3% when agents shared videos related to the shooting on social media.Conclusion: This microsimulation shows that availability and exposure to media coverage of mass traumatic events, particularly as social media becomes more ubiquitous, has the potential to increase community PTSD prevalence following these events. Future research could fruitfully examine the mechanisms that might explain these associations and potential interventions that can mitigate the role of media in shaping the mental health of populations following traumatic events.

scholarly journals Implementation of a Screening Program for Patients at Risk for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. CMC.S39957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen R. Roberts ◽  
Joanie E. Wofford ◽  
Haley M. Hoy ◽  
Mitchell N. Faddis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Mental Health Specialist ◽  
Health Specialist ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

Introduction Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients who suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are known to be associated with significant cardiac-specific mortality. Clinical observations suggest that PTSD is frequently undetected in ICD recipients followed up at electrophysiology (EP) outpatient clinics. Early recognition of PTSD is important to reduce the risk of serious manifestations on patient outcomes. Methods All ICD recipients aged 19 years or older at the Washington University School of Medicine (WASHU) EP clinic, a large urban EP clinic, were invited to participate in the project. An informed consent letter with an attached primary care: posttraumatic stress disorder (PC: PTSD) survey was offered to the participants who met the inclusion criteria. Those who completed the survey were included in the project. Individuals with positive survey result were offered a referral to mental health services. Comparisons between PTSD and non-PTSD patients were done using a two-sample t-test for continuous variables. Using Fisher's exact test, PTSD prevalence was compared to the study by Ladwig et al in which prevalence was determined as the proportion of patients with positive findings of PTSD ( n = 38/147). All analyses were conducted using SAS v9.4. The proportion of patients having PTSD was determined and an exact 95% confidence interval was evaluated based on the binomial distribution. Results Using a convenience sample, 50 ICD recipients (33 males and 17 females) were enrolled. The project had a 30-day outcome period. Nine (18%) of the 50 participants had positive PC: PTSD findings and all these nine participants were referred to a mental health specialist. The current project demonstrated an 18% (9/50) PTSD prevalence rate when compared to a 26% (38/147) prevalence rate in the study by Ladwig et al ( P = 0.34). Although this project did not demonstrate 20% PTSD prevalence rate, as hypothesized, the 18% PTSD prevalence rate is consistent with previous research. Conclusion The prevalence of PTSD noted in the current project is consistent with previous research and validates underrecognition of PTSD in ICD patients. Offering a referral to all ICD recipients at EP clinic visits with a positive PC: PTSD screening to a mental health specialist is an important step in reducing the risk of serious manifestations on patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Potentially Traumatic Events, Other Life Events and Subsequent Reactions Indicative for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the Netherlands: A General Population Study Based on the Trauma Screening Questionnaire

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Knipscheer ◽  
Marieke Sleijpen ◽  
Laurence Frank ◽  
Ron de Graaf ◽  
Rolf Kleber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
General Population ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Prevalence

The 12-month and lifetime prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in different country populations has been assessed while using clinical interviews. Because this methodology is relatively time-consuming and resource-intensive, disaster health researchers adopted instruments, like the Trauma Screening Questionnaire (TSQ). This study (1) used the TSQ to estimate the lifetime prevalence of potentially traumatic events and other life events (PTE/OLEs) and the one-week prevalence of subsequent reactions indicative for PTSD (based on DSM-IV PTSD criteria) in The Netherlands and (2) investigated risk and protective factors for the development of PTSD to overcome the lack of baseline comparison data on general populations and subgroups. The data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2 (NEMESIS-2), a representative study in the Dutch general population aged 18 to 64 years (N = 6646), using face-to-face interviews. Logistic regression modeling was used to assess PTSD correlates. The lifetime PTE/OLE prevalence was 71.1%. Among exposed subjects, one-week PTSD prevalence was estimated at 2.0%. The correlates of PTSD were female gender, Moroccan, or Turkish ethnicity, and exposure to sexual abuse and exposure time less than four years ago. The results are discussed in relation to earlier 12-month and lifetime general population prevalence of PTSD in the Netherlands and other countries, and TSQ-based disaster studies. General population replications can provide additional TSQ baseline data, and shed light on exposure and PTSD prevalence assessed with different instruments.

Traumatic Events and Mental Health

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Stephen O'Brien ◽  
J. P. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Events

Psychological Adjustment of Melanoma Survivors

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hamama-Raz ◽  
Z. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Ample Evidence

The study examines the contributions of hardiness, attachment style, and cognitive appraisal to the psychological adjustment of 300 survivors of malignant melanoma: The findings show that the survivors' adjustment is by far better predicted by their personal resources and cognitive appraisal than by their sociodemographic features (with the exception of marital status) and features of their illness. Of all the variables, their adjustment was best predicted by their attachment style, with secure attachment making for greater well-being and less distress. These findings add to the ample evidence that personal resources help persons to cope with stressful or traumatic events.

Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hofman ◽  
Austin M. Hahn ◽  
Christine K. Tirabassi ◽  
Raluca M. Gaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.

Rorschach Assessment of Complex Trauma in Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-41
Author(s):  
David Ephraim
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Assessment ◽  
Complex Trauma ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Way

Abstract. A history of complex trauma or exposure to multiple traumatic events of an interpersonal nature, such as abuse, neglect, and/or major attachment disruptions, is unfortunately common in youth referred for psychological assessment. The way these adolescents approach the Rorschach task and thematic contents they provide often reflect how such experiences have deeply affected their personality development. This article proposes a shift in perspective in the interpretation of protocols of adolescents who suffered complex trauma with reference to two aspects: (a) the diagnostic relevance of avoidant or emotionally constricted Rorschach protocols that may otherwise appear of little use, and (b) the importance of danger-related thematic contents reflecting the youth’s sense of threat, harm, and vulnerability. Regarding this last aspect, the article reintroduces the Preoccupation with Danger Index ( DI). Two cases are presented to illustrate the approach.

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