Performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a dual fuel engine with Diesel–Ethanol – Cotton seed oil Methyl ester blends and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as fuel

Energy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 899-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Senthilraja ◽  
V. Sivakumar ◽  
K. Thirugnanasambandham ◽  
N. Nedunchezhian
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

Combustion characteristics of compressed natural gas/diesel dual-fuel turbocharged compressed ignition engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (9) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shenghua ◽  
Zhou Longbao ◽  
Wang Ziyan ◽  
Ren Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Delay Effects ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Ci Engine

The combustion characteristics of a turbocharged natural gas and diesel dual-fuelled compression ignition (CI) engine are investigated. With the measured cylinder pressures of the engine operated on pure diesel and dual fuel, the ignition delay, effects of pilot diesel and engine load on combustion characteristics are analysed. Emissions of HC, CO, NOx and smoke are measured and studied too. The results show that the quantity of pilot diesel has important effects on the performance and emissions of a dual-fuel engine at low-load operating conditions. Ignition delay varies with the concentration of natural gas. Smoke is much lower for the developed dual-fuel engine under all the operating conditions.

scholarly journals Purification and Valorization of Waste Cotton Seed Oil as an Alternative Feedstock for Biodiesel Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djomdi ◽  
M. T. Leku ◽  
D. Djoulde ◽  
C. Delattre ◽  
P. Michaud
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Activated Coal ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

This article is focused on the production of biodiesel from the waste cotton seed oil (WCSO), after purification, as an alternative to fossil fuels. Waste oil was collected from Sodecoton, a factory producing cotton seed oil in the Far North Cameroon. The WCSO was subjected to purification using activated coal, followed by transesterification under basic conditions (potassium hydroxide (KOH)), using methanol and ethanol. Some physico–chemical properties of biodiesel, such as absorbance of waste and purified oil, density, viscosity, water content, acid value, and its energy content were determined. The result of treating the WCSO with activated coal indicated that purification efficiency of activated coal increased with the contact time and the mass of the absorbent. Absorbance results directly proved that activated coal removed unwanted components. In the same way, activated coal concentration and exposure time influenced the level of free fatty acids of WCSO. The yield of methyl ester was 97%, while that of ethyl ester was 98%. The specific gravity at 25 °C was 0.945 ± 0.0601. An evaluation of the lower calorific value (PCI) was done in order to study the energy content of biodiesel. This was found to be a value of 37.02 ± 3.05 MJ/kg for methyl ester and 36.92 ± 7.20 MJ/kg for ethyl ester. WCSO constitutes feedstock for high volume, good quality, and sustainable production of biodiesel, as well as a realistic means of eliminating the pollution resulting from the indiscriminate disposal of waste oils from both household and industrial users.

Lipase-Catalyzed Biodiesel Production with Methyl Acetate as Acyl Acceptor

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 297-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Yunjun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Methyl Acetate ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Acyl Acceptor ◽  
Cotton Seed Oil

Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel made from renewable biological resources. During the process of biodiesel production, lipase-catalyzed transesterification is a crucial step. However, current techniques using methanol as acyl acceptor have lower enzymatic activity; this limits the application of such techniques in large-scale biodiesel production. Furthermore, the lipid feedstock of currently available techniques is limited. In this paper, the technique of lipase-catalyzed transesterification of five different oils for biodiesel production with methyl acetate as acyl acceptor was investigated, and the transesterification reaction conditions were optimized. The operation stability of lipase under the obtained optimal conditions was further examined. The results showed that under optimal transesterification conditions, both plant oils and animal fats led to high yields of methyl ester: cotton-seed oil, 98%; rapeseed oil, 95%; soybean oil, 91%; tea-seed oil, 92%; and lard, 95%. Crude and refined cottonseed oil or lard made no significant difference in yields of methyl ester. No loss of enzymatic activity was detected for lipase after being repeatedly used for 40 cycles (ca. 800 h), which indicates that the operational stability of lipase was fairly good under these conditions. Our results suggest that cotton-seed oil, rape-seed oil and lard might substitute soybean oil as suitable lipid feedstock for biodiesel production. Our results also show that our technique is fit for various lipid feedstocks both from plants and animals, and presents a very promising way for the large-scale biodiesel production

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