Valorization of forest waste biomass by catalyzed pyrolysis

Phosphorus recovery from waste biomass is becoming increasingly important, given that phosphorus is an exhaustible non-renewable resource. For the recovery of plant nutrients and production of climate-neutral fuel from wet waste streams, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been suggested as a promising technology. In this study, digested sewage sludge (DSS) was used as waste material for phosphorus and nitrogen recovery. HTC was conducted at 200 °C for 4 h, followed by phosphorus stripping (PS) or leaching (PL) at room temperature. The results showed that for PS and PL around 84% and 71% of phosphorus, as well as 53% and 54% of nitrogen, respectively, could be recovered in the liquid phase (process water and/or extract). Heavy metals were mainly transferred to the hydrochar and only <1 ppm of Cd and 21–43 ppm of Zn were found to be in the liquid phase of the acid treatments. According to the economic feasibility calculation, the HTC-treatment per dry ton DSS with an industrial-scale plant would cost around 608 USD. Between 349–406 kg of sulfuric acid are required per dry ton DSS to achieve a high yield in phosphorus recovery, which causes additional costs of 96–118 USD. Compared to current sewage sludge treatment costs in Switzerland, which range between 669 USD and 1173 USD, HTC can be an economically feasible process for DSS treatment and nutrient recovery.

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Potential of Pre-Harvest Wastes of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Crops, Grown for Smoke Products, as Source of Bioactive Compounds (Phenols and Flavonoids)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13042087 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 2087

Author(s):

Maria Isabella Sifola ◽

Linda Carrino ◽

Eugenio Cozzolino ◽

Luisa del Piano ◽

Giulia Graziani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Total Polyphenols ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽

Diammonium Salt ◽

Q Exactive ◽

Tobacco Cultivation ◽

Folin Assay ◽

Final Harvest

Tobacco cultivation is characterized by high amounts of waste biomasses whose disposal frequently represents a complex and expensive problem. A study was conducted to evaluate thepotential of pre-harvest light air-cured (Burley) and dark fire-cured (Kentucky) tobacco waste biomasses as a source of bioactive compounds (nutraceutical ingredients) such as polyphenols. Pre-harvest waste materials (topping fresh materials and residual stalks at final harvest) were collected to determine dry matter, total polyphenols content (TPC; Folin assay), and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-60-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt) antioxidant capacity. Polyphenols quali-quantitative profiles obtained by Orbitrap Q Exactive of both tobacco types were also determined. Total pre-harvest waste biomass amounted to 3956.9 and 1304.4 kg d.w. ha−1 in light air-cured (Burley) and dark fire-cured (Kentucky) tobacco types, respectively. Polyphenols content, expressed as g kg−1 dry weight (d.w.), ranged between 4.6 and 15.7 g kg−1 d.w. and was generally greater in leaves than in stalks. Considering both leaves and stalks, the light air-cured (Burley) tobacco crop yielded 22.1 kg ha−1 of polyphenols, while the dark fire-cured (Kentucky) tobacco yielded 12.0 kg ha−1. DPPH and ABTS were significantly greater in leaves than in stalks waste biomass in both types of tobacco. The most abundant components were quinic and chlorogenic acids, rutin, and luteolin rutinoside.

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Development of a technological process for the use of lavender waste biomass for energy purposes

2020 7th International Conference on Energy Efficiency and Agricultural Engineering (EE&AE) ◽

10.1109/eeae49144.2020.9279050 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yuriy I. Enakiev ◽

Ivan E. Mortev ◽

Dobromir N. Arabadzhiev ◽

Dimo N. Arabadzhiev

Keyword(s):

Technological Process ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Biomass For Energy

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Enrichment of hydrogen production from fruit waste biomass using ozonation assisted with citric acid

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x211010364 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0734242X2110103

Author(s):

Anbazhagan Sethupathy ◽

Pushkar Kumar Pathak ◽

Palani Sivashanmugam ◽

Chelliah Arun ◽

Jayakumar Rajesh banu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Suspended Solid ◽

Net Energy ◽

Waste Biomass ◽

Acid Pretreatment ◽

Disintegration Time ◽

Fruit Waste ◽

The Impact ◽

Acid Dosage

In this study, the impact of ozonation abetted with the citric acid pretreatment (OZCAP) method on fruit waste was investigated for ameliorating hydrogen production. Initially, the ozonation pretreatment (OZP) method was performed by varying ozone (O3) dosage and disintegration time. At optimized conditions (O3 dosage (0.04 g/g suspended solid; SS) and disintegration time (40 minutes)), 17.6% of liquefied organics emancipate rate (LER) and 13.5% of SS reduction were perceived. Further augmenting LER of fruit waste, OZCAP method was proceeded by varying citric acid dosage and disintegration time at an optimized OZP dosage (0.04 g/g SS). A higher LER (24.4%) and SS reduction (19%) were described at an optimal citric acid dosage (0.03 g/g SS) and disintegration time (20 minutes). Then, the hydrogen production potential of OZCAP, OZP and raw fruit waste were evaluated in which OZCAP method exhibited a higher cumulative hydrogen production (30 mL/g volatile solids). Energy valuation reveals that OZCAP method exhibited a net energy of 3.7 kWh/kg of fruit waste.

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