Brittle failure modes in reinforced and non-reinforced timber joint with large diameter fastener loaded parallel to grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 111104
Author(s):  
Krunoslav Pavković ◽  
Mislav Stepinac ◽  
Vlatka Rajčić
Keyword(s):  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Timber Joint

scholarly journals Evaluation of Seismic Demand for Substandard Reinforced Concrete Structures

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-33
Author(s):  
Nicholas Kyriakides ◽  
Ahmad Sohaib ◽  
Kypros Pilakoutas ◽  
Kyriakos Neocleous ◽  
Christis Chrysostomou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Equivalent Linearization ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Capacity Curves ◽  
Non Linear

Background: Reinforced Concrete (RC) buildings with no seismic design exhibit degrading behaviour under severe seismic loading due to non-ductile brittle failure modes. The seismic performance of such substandard structures can be predicted using existing capacity demand diagram methods through the idealization of the non-linear capacity curve of the degrading system, and its comparison with a reduced earthquake demand spectrum. Objective: Modern non-linear static methods for derivation of capacity curves incorporate idealization assumptions that are too simplistic and do not apply for sub-standard buildings. The conventional idealisation procedures cannot maintain the true strength degradation behaviour of such structures in the post-peak part, and thus may lead to significant errors in seismic performance prediction especially in the cases of brittle failure modes dominating the response. Method: In order to increase the accuracy of the prediction, an alternative idealisation procedure using equivalent elastic perfectly plastic systems is proposed herein that can be used in conjunction with any capacity demand diagram method. Results: Moreover, the performance of this improved equivalent linearization procedure in predicting the response of an RC frame is assessed herein. Conclusion: This improved idealization procedure has been proven to reduce the error in the seismic performance prediction as compared to seismic shaking table test results [1] and will be further investigated probabilistically herein.

Brittle failure in compression: splitting faulting and brittle-ductile transition

1986 ◽  
Vol 319 (1549) ◽  
pp. 337-374 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Ductile Failure ◽  
Singular Integral Equations ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Brittle Ductile Transition

The micromechanics of brittle failure in compression and the transition from brittle to ductile failure, observed under increasing confining pressures, are examined in the light of existing experimental results and model studies. First, the micromechanics of axial splitting and faulting is briefly reviewed, certain mathematical models recently developed for analysing these failure modes are outlined, and some new, simple closed-form analytic solutions of crack growth in compression and some new quantitative model experimental results are presented. Then, a simple two-dimensional mathematical model is proposed for the analysis of the brittle—ductile transition process, the corresponding elasticity boundary-value problem is formulated in terms of singular integral equations, the solution method is given, and numerical results are obtained and their physical implications are discussed. In addition, a simple closed-form analytic solution is presented and, by comparing its results with those of the exact formulation, it is shown that the analytic estimates are reasonably accurate in the range of the brittle response of the material. Finally, the results of some laboratory model experiments are reported in an effort to support the mathematical models.

Cutting force as an index to identify the ductile-brittle failure modes in rock cutting

2021 ◽  
Vol 146 ◽  
pp. 104834
Author(s):  
Xianwei Dai ◽  
Zhongwei Huang ◽  
Huaizhong Shi ◽  
Xiaoguang Wu ◽  
Chao Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Rock Cutting

scholarly journals Study on the Mechanical Properties of BFRP Tube Confined Concrete Short Columns under Axial Compression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xindong Ding ◽  
Shuqing Wang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zepeng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Axial Compression ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Confined Concrete ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Short Columns ◽  
Square Steel Tube

Axial compression tests were carried out on 6 square steel tube confined concrete short columns and 6 BFRP square pipe confined concrete axial compression tests. The concrete strength grades were C30, C40, and C50. The test results show that the failure modes of steel pipe and BFRP pipe are obviously different, and the BFRP pipe undergoes brittle failure. Compared with the short columns of concrete confined by BFRP pipes, the ultimate bearing capacity of axial compression is increased by -76.46%, -76.01%, and -73.06%, and the ultimate displacements are -79.20%, -80.78%, -71.71%.

scholarly journals MOM Failure Modes: An In-Depth Look at Metal Ions and Implant Wear

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Tom Donaldson, MD ◽  
Ed McPherson MD ◽  
Michelle Burgett BA ◽  
Ian Clarke, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Soft Tissue Impingement ◽  
Metal Ion Analysis ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Implant Wear ◽  
Made In

Contemporary MOM bearings (large-diameter heads) offered the perceived benefits of much greater range of motion and greater stability with reduced risk of impingement and dislocation. A variety of design and Both positive [1-3] and negative reports [4-8] have now emerged with regard to total hip arthroplasty (THA) and resurfacing arthroplasty. As a result, there has been an avalanche of studies focused on critical issues such as: surgical positioning, shallow cups (face angles 144-170°) [9-11] and “edge loading”. [5,7,12-17] However, there are several, possibly synergistic, risk scenarios that could trigger adverse MOM wear and very little progress has been made in understanding such interacting parameters. In an effort to understand the role of metal ion analysis and how it relates to revision surgery and implant wear, selected MOM revised cases were reviewed [28]. Retrieval data was included in conjunction with metal ion analyses and intraoperative observations to determine various failure modes.  We suggest MOM devices that are well fixed but fail after 2 years can be classified into one of six modes: (i) normal, (ii) allergic reaction, (iii) 3rd body wear, (iv) repetitive subluxation with metal impingement, (v) multi-directional subluxation with soft tissue impingement, and (vi) repetitive subluxation with soft tissue impingement. 

scholarly journals Numerical Evaluation of the Perfobond (PBL) Shear Connector Subjected to Lateral Pressure Using Coupled Rigid Body Spring Model (RBSM) and Nonlinear Solid Finite Element Method (FEM)

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoaib Karam ◽  
Yoshihito Yamamoto ◽  
Hikaru Nakamura ◽  
Taito Miura
Keyword(s):  
Shear Strength ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Lateral Pressure ◽  
Failure Process ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Shear Connector ◽  
Shear Surface ◽  
Concrete Blocks ◽  
Concrete Damage

An analytical investigation focusing on the concrete damage progress of the PBL shear connector under the influence of various lateral pressures, employing a coupled RBSM and solid FEM model was carried out. The analytical model succeeded in simulating the test shear capacities and the failure modes adequately. The internal failure process was also clarified; the two horizontal cracks occurred near the top of the concrete dowels through the hole of the perforated steel plate, and afterward, the two vertical cracks also initiated and propagated along with the shear surface. In a low lateral pressure case, the shear strength was determined by the vertical cracks propagated along the shear surface. While as the amount of applied lateral pressure increased, the shear strength of the two vertical cracked surfaces was enhanced, and the shear strength of the PBL was characterized by the occurrence of the splitting cracks and caused the splitting failure into the side concrete blocks. Moreover, the combined effects of lateral pressure and hole diameters were also evaluated numerically, and it was found that the increase in shear strength was more in a large diameter case subjected to high lateral pressure because of the wide compressive regions generated around the concrete dowel.

scholarly journals Uniaxial Dynamic Compressive Behaviors of Hydraulic Asphalt Concrete under the Coupling Effect between Temperature and Strain Rate

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5348
Author(s):  
Rui Tang ◽  
Zhenpeng Yu ◽  
Guoqing Liu ◽  
Furong Li ◽  
Wenbin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Strain Softening ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Stress Strain

To investigate the compressive dynamic properties of hydraulic asphalt concrete under various temperatures, four temperatures and four strain rates have been set to perform the uniaxial compression experiments using hydraulic servo machine in this paper. The influence of temperature and strain rate on the failure modes, stress-strain curves and mechanical characteristic parameters of hydraulic asphalt concrete is analyzed and the results reveal that the failure modes and stress-strain curves have significant temperature effect. When the temperature is between −20 °C and 0 °C, the failure mode is dominated by brittle failure of asphalt binder, and hydraulic asphalt concrete shows obvious strain softening. With the addition of temperature, the failure modes of specimens are transferred from brittle failure to ductile failure since the asphalt changes from elastic-brittleness to viscoelasticity. Influenced by temperature effect, the compressive stress-strain curves of hydraulic asphalt concrete show strain hardening while the peak stress of hydraulic asphalt concrete is obviously decreased, and the variation coefficient of peak stress has a power relation with temperature. With successive increases in strain rate, the stress-strain curves of hydraulic asphalt concrete gradually are transferred from strain hardening to strain softening. The peak stress and stiffness modulus of specimens under compression gradually increase, and the dynamic increase factor of peak stress is linearly related with the logarithm value of strain rate after dimensionless treatment. In terms of the quantitative analysis of the experimental data, two relationship models of the coupling effect between temperature and strain rate are proposed. The proposed models have good applicability to the quantitative analysis of the experimental results in the manuscript. This paper offers important insights into the application and development of hydraulic asphalt concrete in hydraulic engineering.

Fragmentation Characteristics of Rocks Under Indentation by a Single Polycrystalline Diamond Compact Cutter

2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaosheng Ji ◽  
Huaizhong Shi ◽  
Xianwei Dai ◽  
Hengyu Song ◽  
Gensheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Brittle Failure ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Von Mises Stress ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Initiation Point ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond Compact

Abstract Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit accounts for the most drilling footage in the development of deep and geothermal resources. The goal of this paper is to investigate the PDC cutter-rock interaction and reveal the rock fragmentation mechanism. A series of loading and unloading tests are conducted to obtain the curves of contact force versus penetration displacement. A single practical PDC cutter is fixed on the designed clamping devices that are mounted on the servo experiment system TAW-1000 in the tests. The craters morphology and quantified data were obtained by scanning the fragmented rock specimen using a three-dimensional morphology scanner. Finally, a numerical model is established to get the stress and deformation fields of the rock under a single PDC cutter. The results show that there are two kinds of failure modes, i.e., brittle failure and plastic failure, in the loading process. Marble is more prone to brittle fracture and has the lowest specific energy, followed by shale and granite. The brittle failure in marble mainly occurs behind the cutter while that happens ahead of the cutter for shale. Curves of contact force versus penetration displacement illustrate that a cutter with a back rake angle of 40 deg has a better penetration result than that with a back rake angle of 30 deg. Enhancing loading speed has a positive effect on brittle fragmentation. The distribution of von Mises stress indicates the initiation point and direction, which has a good agreement with the experiment. The research is of great significance for optimizing the PDC bit design and increasing the rate of penetration.

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